【正文】 in（西班牙）, it39。s a good idea to have a light meal in the afternoon if someone invites you for dinner. People have dinner very late, and restaurants do not generally open until after 9:00 p. m. In Saudi Arabia（沙特阿拉伯）, men kiss one another on the cheek. Your host may wele you with a kiss on both cheeks. It is polite of you to do the same. In Japan, people usually give personal or business cards to each other when they meet for the first time. When a person gives you a card, don39。t put it into your pocket（口袋）as soon as you get it. The person expects you to read it. Don39。t forget to be careful about your body language to express something in conversations. A kind of body language that is acceptable in one culture may be impolite in another. （1）What does the underlined word porters mean in Chinese？ A.搬運(yùn)工B.水電工C.建筑工D.環(huán)衛(wèi)工（2）If you travel to the US, and you spend $ 200 on a taxi ride and $ 320 on a meal, you are supposed to tip in total. A.$520B.$78C.$156D.$60（3）Which of the following is TRUE？ A.You are expected to kiss your host on the cheek in Japan.B.Generally, restaurants don39。t offer dinner after 9:00 p. m. in Spain.C.It39。s impolite to eat first if there are older people at the table in China.D.You don39。t need to stand in line if there are two people waiting for a bus in England.（4）What does the passage mainly talk about？ A.Where to travel.B.How to tip in different countries.C.When to use body language.D.Customs in different countries.【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文介紹不同的國(guó)家有不同的習(xí)俗。當(dāng)你在不同的國(guó)家時(shí)，你應(yīng)該遵循他們的習(xí)俗。 （1）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù) who help carry your bags 幫你搬東西的人可知，porters是搬運(yùn)工的意思，故選A。 （2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) 服務(wù)員希望得到15%的餐費(fèi)小費(fèi)。出租車司機(jī)期望大約相同的數(shù)額 服務(wù)員希望得到15%的餐費(fèi)小費(fèi)。出租車司機(jī)期望大約相同的數(shù)額可知， 如果你去美國(guó)旅行，坐出租車花200美元，吃飯花320美元，你應(yīng)該總共付小費(fèi)是（200+320）*20%=78美元 ， 故選B。 （3）推理題。根據(jù) you39。re not supposed to start eating first if there are older people at the table 如果餐桌上有老年人，你不應(yīng)該先吃飯 可知， 如果中國(guó)的餐桌上有老年人，先吃飯是不禮貌的正確 ， 故選C。 （4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)本文介紹不同的國(guó)家有不同的習(xí)俗。當(dāng)你在不同的國(guó)家時(shí)，你應(yīng)該遵循他們的習(xí)俗可知，文章主要講述不同國(guó)家的風(fēng)俗 ， 故選D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，詞義猜測(cè)題和主旨題四種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，詞義猜測(cè)題需要根據(jù)上下文提煉相關(guān)信息鎖定詞意，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。9．閱讀理解 When Carson Palmer, a professional American football player, hurt his arm a few years ago, he took a week off to stop throwing the football. But in his head, Palmer practiced every day. The following weekend, Palmer had the best game of his life. For more than a century, scientists have been trying to understand how this mental training works. In the 1930s, researchers proved by experiment that when you39。re imagining an action, your brain sends signals to your muscles which are too weak to tighten the muscles but might help train the body to perform. In other words, mental practice might create a plan in your head, like a howto guide for a special skill. Sports researchers have done hundreds of studies paring imagined and physical practice for actions. In short, the studies show that mental training works. A 2012 study pared 32 nonprofessional golfers with another 32 who only imagined their action. Under the same training program, both groups improved their skills. Imagination has advantages over the real thing: You can do it anywhere and any time. It is safea main advantage for people such as gymnasts and doctors. And you can practice for longer periods of time because you39。re not controlled by physical tiredness. That39。s not to say it39。s easy. we39。ve had Olympiclevel sportsmen sitting in our laboratory, imagining for two hours, says Tadhg Macintyre, a sports researcher in Ireland. When we39。re done, they39。re pletely tired. It doesn39。t work for everyone, though. If you39。re a beginner, the influence can be harmful, warns Macintyre. If you39。re trying to imagine a free throw, and you don39。t even know the proper movement, then you39。re probably going to mentally practice the wrong skill, and your skill is going to be impaired.（1）How does mental training act on one39。s physical practice? A.Taking a week off from being tired.B.Performing the action before imagining.C.Using imagination to guide one39。s body.D.Buying a howto guide before mental training（2）What do we know about imagination training? A.It is not influenced by time and space.B.It is easier to do than real practice.C.It is more useful for golfers.D.It is fit for everyone.（3）What does the underlined word impaired in Para. 5 mean? A.weakenedB.masteredC.testedD.improved（4）What can be the best title of the text? A.A New Way of Doing SportsB.Advantages of ImaginationC.Methods for Mental PracticeD.Mental Training Makes You better？【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介紹了心理訓(xùn)練與體育實(shí)踐的關(guān)系，從而說明了心理訓(xùn)練會(huì)使你更好。 （1）細(xì)節(jié)題。 根據(jù)第二段...... when you39。re imagining an action, your brain sends signals to your muscles which are too weak to tighten the muscles but might help train the body to perform. In other words, mental practice might create a plan in your head, like a howto guide for a special skill. 可知心理的訓(xùn)練可能在頭腦中產(chǎn)生一個(gè)計(jì)劃，指導(dǎo)你的技能，故選C。 （2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) Imagination has advantages over the real thing: You can do it anywhere and any time. 可知想像力可以在任何時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)都能做，不受時(shí)間和空間的影響，故選A。 （3） 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù) If you39。re a beginn