【正文】 on salt. diet. amount of salt we need.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了鹽對心臟有影響的原因，以及人們在日常生活中保持低鹽的生活方式。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Heat attack has long been considered a grownup problem, but a new research suggests that salt is starting to affect children. Eating too much salty food when you39。re young can lead to health problems later. ”長期以來，心臟病被認為是成年人的問題，但一項新的研究表明，鹽開始影響兒童。年輕時吃太多咸的食物會導(dǎo)致以后的健康問題；以及第三段中的“A kid with high blood pressure is more likely to bee a grownup with high blood pressure.”一個有高血壓的孩子更有可能成為一個有高血壓的成年人，可知，文章作者特別擔(dān)心孩子食用過咸的食物導(dǎo)致心臟病和高血壓。故選A。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Reducing salt might also help stop childhood obesity (肥胖). British researchers recently found that kids who eat less salt also drink fewer sugary soft drinks. ”減少鹽可能有助于阻止兒童長胖。英國的研究人員最近發(fā)現(xiàn)吃鹽少的孩子喝的含糖飲料也更少，可知，作者認為吃多鹽食品和喝過多含糖的軟飲料也會使孩子長胖。故選C。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“A recent study found that a growing number of kids in the US are suffering from kidney stones. This painful condition usually affects people aged over 40. Now, kids as young as five are getting it.”最近一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)越來越多的美國孩子正在患腎結(jié)石。這種痛苦的病通常只在40歲以上的人才患，現(xiàn)在五歲的孩子也在遭受這種疾病，可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在腎結(jié)石這種病正在變得年輕化。故選B。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第五段中的“The best way to reduce the amount of sodium you eat is to make changes gradually. Start by adding half as much salt to your dinner as you normally do. Switch to fresh foods instead of canned and bottled versions. And go easy on the condiments(調(diào)味品). You might also want to start reading nutrition labels. ”減少鈉攝入量的最好方法是逐漸改變。先在晚餐中加入平時一半的食鹽。食用新鮮食品而非罐裝或者瓶裝食品。少放些調(diào)味品。你可能也要閱讀營養(yǎng)標簽?？芍径翁峁┝艘恍┛梢詼p少食鹽攝入量的方法。故選B。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 We may be living in the digital age but reading books is still a big part of growing up. When they39。re in primary school, children read books that really challenge them. But once they reach secondary school, the level of difficulty doesn39。t change much. Secondary school students tend to read books which are also read by upper primary students. They are not challenging themselves enough. To discover these trends, I analyzed data collected by Accelerated Reader (AR) software, which asks pupils to check their understanding of the books they39。ve chosen to read. The difficulty — which I call readability. I also created two lists of books: one for the books that most secondary pupils had chosen to read, and another for the books they had voted as their favorites. According to the readability, these students39。 favorite books tend to be much more advanced than the other books they chose, but they could still understand them. The rest of the books most often chosen by them are quite simple. You might think that students who read harder books might make more mistakes and understand them less well. But students39。 quality of prehension does not depend on the difficulty of the book, no matter what year of secondary school they39。re in. Having an interest is the most obvious factor here — if you like the book, you try hard to really understand it. As children bee teenagers, they listen less to advice from adults and more to advice from kids of their age. So, rather than trying to lecture young people on the benefits of Jane Austen, we should make the nature of the problem clear to them. Students should challenge each other to read more difficult books. Adults could help by setting up noticeboards or organizing social media networks for young people to share their remendations. And teachers can lend a hand by setting aside time for reading in school. Young people will realize the problems that e when they don39。t challenge themselves to read difficult books.（1）What can we learn from the first paragraph? spend little time on afterclass reading school students seldom read tough books39。s reading interest tends to decrease as they grow up students have difficulty choosing good reading materials（2）The author made use of AR software to ________. children39。s different reading styles the average time children spend on reading out the causes of children39。s reading difficulties clear the difficulty levels of books read by children（3）What can we infer about secondary school students from the readability scores? find some advanced books interesting often make mistakes during advanced reading prefer to read books remended by their parents can hardly improve their scores on reading prehension（4）According to Paragraph 4, what is vital for improving reading prehension? knowledge skills（5）What does the author want to express in the last paragraph? relatively difficult textbooks is necessary students39。 reading is a shared responsibility technology should be used in reading reaching should be encouraged to read more literary works【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）A（4）C（5）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，作者通過對初中生閱讀能力的一項調(diào)查討論了如何提高他們的閱讀能力—興趣動力。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“But once they reach secondary school, the level of difficulty doesn39。t change much. Secondary school students tend to read books which are also read by upper primary students. They are not challenging themselves enough.”但是一旦他們進入中學(xué)，學(xué)習(xí)的難度并沒有太大的變化。中學(xué)生喜歡讀小學(xué)高年級學(xué)生也讀的書。他們沒有足夠的挑戰(zhàn)自己，可知，初中生在閱讀難度方面沒有提高。故選B。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“To discover these trends, I analyzed data collected by Accelerated Reader (AR) software, which asks pupils to check their understanding of the books they39。ve chosen to read. The difficulty — which I call ‘readability’.”為了發(fā)現(xiàn)這些趨勢，我分析了加速閱讀(AR)軟件收集的數(shù)據(jù)，該軟件要求學(xué)生檢查他們對所選書籍的理解。這個困難——我稱之為“可讀性”，可知，AR軟件是用來評測學(xué)生閱讀難度的。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“According to the readability, these students39。 favorite books tend to be much more advanced than the other books they chose, but they could still understand them. The rest of the books most often chosen by them are quite simple.”根據(jù)可讀性，這些學(xué)生最喜歡的書往往比他們選擇的其他書更高級/有難度，但他們?nèi)匀豢梢岳斫馑麄?。他們最常選擇的其他書都很簡單，可知選A。 （4）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Having an interest is the most obvious factor here — if you like the book, you try hard to really understand it.”興趣是最明顯的因素——如果你喜歡這本書，你會努力去真正理解它，可知，興趣或動力對于提高閱讀理解能力來說很重要。故選C。 （5）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Students should challenge each other to read more difficult books. Adults could help by setting up noticeboards or organizing s