【正文】 g what was called “Creole jazz”, which was also called dance music, and bining it with trumpeter (小號(hào)手) Buddy Bolden, to create what would eventually bee today39。s jazz. Armstrong acplished that with almost no formal training. He received little training before he was placed in the New Orleans Colored Waif39。s Home at the age of 12, after a runin (小爭(zhēng)執(zhí)) with the police. The punishment turned out to be a mixed blessing, for he also had the opportunity to play in a real band. While at the Waif39。s, Armstrong also got the chance to hear some of the city39。s finest musicians. Cornetist Freddie Keppard performed in a nearby club. So did trumpeter and bandleader, King Joe Oliver, who took the boy under his wing and taught him how to read music and work on his playing technique. When Oliver left for Chicago, Armstrong chose to stay in New Orleans and work with some of the other top musicians of the day. In Chicago, King Oliver offered him a place in his band in 1922. It became Armstrong39。s biggest challenge yet — the band had no parts written for trumpet, so he was forced to listen to King Oliver and improvise (即興創(chuàng)作). Soon, Armstrong39。s undeniable talent was getting notice. Even classically trained musicians would e to hear the incredible sounds this young man created. Lil Hardin, the bands piano player and the future Mrs. Armstrong, explains that Oliver kept Armstrong in the second trumpetchair so that Oliver would still be “King”. Hardin convinced him to leave the band. Armstrong moved to New York City in 1924 to join Fletcher Henderson39。s band and then flew solo. In 1925, Armstrong put together the Hot Five, expanding his popularity even more. Armstrong recorded his first position, Cornet Chop Suey, one of the most copied jazz solos of all time. This monumental 1928 recording blends (混合) artistry, endurance and showmanship that has rarely, if ever, been matched in Jazz.（1）What does the underlined word “that” refer to in the second paragraph? A.To play dance music.B.To work with Buddy Bolden.C.To create modem jazz music.D.To play a jazz instrument well.（2）Who taught Louis Armstrong how to play music in the early time? A.Buddy Bolden.B.Lil Hardin.C.Cornetist Freddie Keppard.D.King Joe Oliver.（3）Why did Louis Armstrong Leave King Oliver39。s band? A.Because he wanted to get married in New York.B.Because the man forced him to leave the band.C.Because he got a better opportunity in New York.D.Because his talent could not develop pletely.（4）What39。s the main idea of the passage? A.It asks readers to know more about modern jazz.B.It introduces one of the greatest jazz musicians.C.It introduces the development of jazz.D.It describes the importance of talent in playing jazz.【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了音樂(lè)人Louis Armstrong學(xué)習(xí)音樂(lè)的過(guò)程。 （1）考查代詞指代。根據(jù)第一段中的to create what would eventually bee today39。s “...to create what would eventually bee today39。s jazz.”，故選C。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“So did trumpeter and bandleader, King Joe Oliver, who took the boy under his wing and taught him how to read music and work on his playing technique.”小號(hào)手兼樂(lè)隊(duì)指揮King Joe Oliver也這么做了，他把小男孩放在自己的側(cè)廳，教他如何閱讀音樂(lè)，學(xué)習(xí)演奏技巧。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“ Lil Hardin, the bands piano player and the future Mrs. Armstrong, explains that Oliver kept Armstrong in the second trumpetchair so that Oliver would still be “King”. Hardin convinced him to leave the band.”可推斷出Louis Armstrong離開(kāi)King Oliver樂(lè)隊(duì)的原因是因?yàn)樗牟拍懿荒艿玫酵耆l(fā)展，故選D。 （4）考查主旨大意。全文介紹Armstrong如何成為偉大的爵士音樂(lè)家，故選B。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，代詞指代，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇人物類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Paying a higher price than usual for a ticket to see a film in 3D is the annoyance of many a cinemagoer39。s life. But there may be a benefit to doing so, as a study has found that 3D films exercise the brain and improve shortterm functioning in a similar way to braintraining tests. The research found that people who watched a movie in 3D improved cognitive (認(rèn)知) skills, pared to those who watched it in 2D. The research was led by neuroscientist(神經(jīng)學(xué)家) Dr Patrick Fagan from Goldsmiths University in London. More than 100 people took part in the experiment, where participants watched Disney film Big Hero 6 in either standard format or RealD 3D. They also carried out a braintrainingstyle test before and after seeing a section from the film. The test covered memory, reaction times and cognitive function and the results were pared later. According to the research, which was carried out in partnership with science group Thrill Laboratory, participants experienced a 23 percent increase in cognitive processing, as well as an 11 percent increase in reaction times. Dr Fagan said that the results showed enough of an improvement in brain function to suggest that 3D could play a part in improving brain power in the future. These findings are more significant than you might think, he said. It is a fact that people are living longer and there is a noticeable decline in cognitive brain function in old age which can worsen future quality of life. There has never been a better time to look at ways to improve brain function. The initial results of this study show that 3D films may potentially play a role in slowing this decline. A second part of the experiment involved those watching the film being fitted with headsets that scanned brain activity and this too showed heightened (加強(qiáng)的) activity when watching 3D. According to the results, participants were seven percent more engaged with what they were watching, adding to argument that 3D movies are more like watch