【正文】 ies of tsetse fly can transmit diseases. One of the most dangerous is a parasite that causes ＂sleeping sickness＂, or ＂human African trypanosomiasis＂to give it its official name. Without treatment, an infection is usually fatal. Like so many tropical diseases, sleeping sickness has often been neglected by medical researchers. However, researchers have long endeavored to understand how it avoids our bodies39。 defence mechanisms. Some of their insights could now help us eliminate sleeping sickness altogether. There are two closelyrelated singlecelled parasites that cause this deathly sleep: Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and T. b. gambiense. The latter is far more mon: it is responsible for up to 95% of cases, mostly in western Africa. It takes several years to kill a person, while T. brucei rhodesiense can cause death within months. There are still other forms that infect livestock. After the initial bite, sleeping sickness symptoms often start with a fever, headaches and aching muscles. As the illness goes on, those infected bee increasingly tired, which is where it gets its name. Personality changes, severe confusion and poor coordination can also happen. While medication does help, some treatments are toxic and can themselves be deadly, especially if they are given after the disease has reached the brain. It is worth noting that sleeping sickness is no longer as deadly as it once was. In the early 20th Century several hundred thousand people were infected each year. By the 1960s the disease was considered ＂under control＂ and had reached very low numbers, making its spread more difficult. But in the 1970s there was another major epidemic, which took 20 years to control. Since then, better screening programmes and earlier interventions have reduced the number of cases dramatically. In 2009 there were fewer than 10,000 cases for the first time since records began, and in 2015 this figure dropped to fewer than 3,000, according to the latest figures from the World Health Organisation. The WHO hopes the disease will be pletely eliminated by 2020. While this decline looks positive, there may be many more cases that go unreported in rural Africa. To eliminate the disease pletely, infections have to be closely monitored. More problematically, a series of new studies have shown that the parasite is more plicated than previously believed. Sleeping sickness has always been considered —— and diagnosed —— as a blood disease, because T. brucei parasites can readily be detected in the blood of its victims.（1）A tsetse fly is different from a mosquito in that________. A.it can put its thin mouthpart directly into your bloodB.all species of tsetse fly can transmit diseasesC.it can spread a parasite that causes ＂sleeping sickness＂D.its mouth has larger saws than those on a mosquito（2）What can be learned about ＂sleeping sickness＂ according to the text ? A.It is formally called＂human American trypanosomiasis＂.B.If left untreated, it can possibly be deadly.C.It remains as deadly as it used to be.D.It usually draws attention from medical researchers.（3）What is implied in the last three paragraphs ? A.＂Sleeping sickness＂ will be pletely eliminated by 2020.B.The parasite causing ＂sleeping sickness＂ is easy to detect now.C.T. brucei parasites can only be detected in the blood of its victims.D.Data about ＂sleeping sickness＂cases may not be so accurate.（4）What would be the best title of this passage ? A.A mosquito that can carry deadly diseases.B.A bite from this fly puts you into a deadly sleep.C.Symptoms that are characteristic of ＂sleeping sickness＂.D.How to control deadly＂sleeping sickness＂ from a tsetse fly.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，作者介紹了70年代被采采蠅咬傷很容易感染疾病，傳播病菌，一定要小心。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的＂several species of tsetse fly can transmit diseases. One of the most dangerous is a parasite that causes 39。sleeping sickness39。,＂可知，采采蠅可以傳播一種寄生蟲(chóng)，導(dǎo)致“昏睡病”故選C。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的＂Without treatment, an infection is usually fatal.＂可知，如果不加以治療，它可能是致命的，因此選B。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的＂While this decline looks positive, there may be many more cases that go unreported in rural Africa.＂可知，非洲農(nóng)村可能還有更多的病例未報(bào)告，因此關(guān)于“昏睡病”病例的數(shù)據(jù)可能不那么準(zhǔn)確，故選D。 (4)考查主旨大意。整篇文章介紹了采采蠅，尤其說(shuō)明它可以傳播一種＂昏睡病＂，這種病會(huì)讓患者喪命，因此選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇生活類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 For years, my time spent in the shower could have got me a mention in Guinness World Records as the shortest time taken to bathe. I hurried up during this process. One day, however, while at a party, I heard an artist friend telling everybody that his idea came while he was having a shower. “What about you?” he asked, “Don39。t you get your creative thoughts from the same place?” “I39。m in and out in a hurry,” I told him proudly. “I have no time to waste!” “What a pity,” he said. “That39。s the place where you need to slow down。 plenty of great thoughts e from there!” I tried it out. I slowed down the whole process, started enjoying the warm water, taking a little longer to soap myself and even spending more time just enjoying the process, and realized how much I had missed in hurrying up all these years. A woman told me how much stress her friend was suffering from and how she sought to convince her that she needed to find ways to relax. She gave her a videotape on stress management and relaxation techniques, and encouraged her to watch it right away. Fifteen minutes later, her friend handed back the tape. “It was good,” she said,” but I don39。t need it.” “But it39。s a 70 minute video,” the woman replied, “You couldn39。t have watched the whole thing.” “Yes, I did,” her friend said. “I put it in fast forward!”A major social problem of the 21st century is Hurry Sickness. We hurry through work. We swallow fast food. We plain that we don39。t have enough time. We race through the days and weeks until one day we look back in amazement and ment, “My god, how the years flew by!” Then we realize the heavy price we have paid for traveling fast. Symptoms of Hurry Sickness include stress