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I 美國商業(yè)環(huán)境風(fēng)險評估機構(gòu) Business Environment Risk Intelligence PRI 政治風(fēng)險指標 R’undt’s World Business intelligence,第二十一頁,共三十七頁。,3.政治(zh232。ngzh236。)風(fēng)險的訊號Political risk signals,經(jīng)濟績效差Poor economic performance 壓抑道德團體與精英Repression of ethnic groups and/or general repression by the elite 國內(nèi)紛爭與利益(l236。y236。)衝突Internal diversity and incongruent interests 劇烈改變政府結(jié)構(gòu)Radically changing government structures 劇烈的民族情緒Fierce nationalist sentiment,第二十二頁,共三十七頁。,4.Management and measure political risk,Avoidance防止(f225。ngzhǐ) Insurance 保險 最小政治風(fēng)險Minimizing Political Risk,第二十三頁,共三十七頁。,最小政治(zh232。ngzh236。)風(fēng)險Minimizing Political Risk,理解執(zhí)政黨與在野黨:保持中立Understand both ruling and opposing parties。 remain politically neutral 良好企業(yè)公民Be exemplary corporate citizens 銷售適合當?shù)仄焚|(zhì)的產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)Sell a quality product or service that is essential for local development 與當?shù)毓?ɡōnɡ sī)保持夥伴關(guān)係,創(chuàng)造當?shù)貙<业男蜗驪artner with local companies and create local expertise 使用當?shù)毓?yīng)商Use local suppliers 獲取足夠保險涵蓋各種政治風(fēng)險Obtain insurance coverage against expropriation, nationalization, confiscation, and terrorism,第二十四頁,共三十七頁。,OS perspective〔pp108112〕,刺激當?shù)亟?jīng)濟〔stimulation of the local economy〕 雇用當?shù)貏诠ぁ睧mployment of nationals〕 分享所有權(quán)〔sharing ownership〕 好國民〔being civic minded〕 政治(zh232。ngzh236。)中立〔political neutrality〕 Behindthescenes lobby Observation of political mood and reduction of exposure Other measure,第二十五頁,共三十七頁。,5.國際法規(guī)環(huán)境International Legal Environment,國際法International Laws 當?shù)貒?fǎlǜ)Host Country Laws 本國法律Home Country Laws 法規(guī)體系Legal Systems Common law非成文法 Civil law, Code law成文法 Islamic law依斯蘭法,第二十六頁,共三十七頁。,法院(fǎyu224。n)審判Jurisdiction,不告不理(b249。 lǐ)原則Not usually automatic 歐洲法院European Court of Justice 國際法院The International