【文章內容簡介】 敘、補敘等敘述方法能有效地提高文章的結構效果，讓所敘之事跌宕起伏，使讀者在閱讀時思維產(chǎn)生較大的跳躍，從而為文章所吸引，深入其中。但這些方法如果使用不當，則容易弄巧成拙，使文章結構散亂，頭緒不清，讓讀者不知所云。過渡在上下文中起著承上啟下、融會貫通的作用。過渡往往用在地點轉移或時間、事件轉換以及由概括說明到具體敘述時。如：In my summer holidays, I did a lot of form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to is really a beautiful are many places of interest to what impressed me most was the next morning I got up was very happy because it was a fine the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually sun was very red, not rose last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deepred the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and a moving and unforgettable scene!引用故事情節(jié)中主要人物的對話是記敘文提高表現(xiàn)力的一種好方法。適當?shù)赜弥苯右Z代替間接的主觀敘述，可以客觀生動地反映人物的性格、品質和心理狀態(tài)，使記敘生動、有趣，使文章內容更加充實、具體。試比較下面兩段的敘述效果：I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking I heard a loud noise from the thought maybe someone was knocking the asked who it was but I heard no a while I saw my cat running across the realized it was the felt ，但經(jīng)作者這么一寫，就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是敘述模式，沒有人物語言，把“懸念”給沖淡了?？勺魅缦抡{整：I was in the kitchen cooking something.“Crash!” a loud noise came from the someone was knocking at the door, I asked, “Who?” No a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor.“It39。s you.” I said, quite 、寫好記敘文的基本要領，脈絡清楚寫好記敘文，首先要頭緒分明，脈絡清楚，明確文章要求寫什么。要對所寫的事件或人物進行分析，弄清事件發(fā)生、發(fā)展一直到結束的整個過程，然后再收集選取素材。這些素材都應該跟上述五個“ W ”和一個“ H ”有關。盡管不是每篇記敘文里都必須包括這些“ W ”和“ H ”，但動筆之前，圍繞五個“ W ”和“ H ”進行構思是必不可少的。，詳略得當在文章的框架確定后，對支持故事的素材的選取是很關鍵的。選材要注意取舍，應該從表現(xiàn)文章主題的需要出發(fā)，分清主次，定好詳略。要突出重點，詳寫細述那些能表現(xiàn)文章主題的重要情節(jié)，略寫粗述那么非關鍵的次要情節(jié)。面面俱到反而使情節(jié)羅列化，使人不得要領。這一點是寫好記敘文要解決的一個基本問題，也需要一定的技巧。如：One night a man came to our house and told me, “There is a family with eight have not eaten for days.” I took some food with me and I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured（破壞外貌）by was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of gave the rice to the divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the she came back, I asked her, “Where did you go?” she gave me this simple answer, “To my neighborsthey are hungry also!”，準確生動記敘文要用具體的事件和生動的語言對人、事、物加以敘述。一篇好的記敘文的語言既要準確、生動，又要表現(xiàn)力強，這樣才能把人、事描寫得具體生動，其可讀性才強。試比較下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。原文：One day Xiaoqiang was wandering was soon lost among people and could not find the way back home and started then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had told them how he got lost and where he two students decided to take him was pleased to see Xiaoqiang e back safe and invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn39。t take served them with tea but they ：The other day, fiveyearold Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy he could not find the way home, he started and then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a immediately went up to him.“Little boy, why are you standing here crying?” they asked.“I want Mom, I go home.” said the boy, still crying.“Don39。t worry, we39。ll send you home.”And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy39。s the help of a policeman, they finally found the worried mother saw her son e back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her , she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea.第四篇：中考記敘文寫作指導中考記敘文寫作指導作文在中考中占有“半壁江山”，它決定著語文分數(shù)的高低。今天我就記敘文寫作談一談自己的幾點看法。一、選好文題，定好體裁中考作文一般給出兩個題目，半命題或話題作文，要從中選一個。選好題目后就要確定是寫記敘文、說明文還是議論文。二、審清題意，擬好標題選好文題、定好體裁就要審清題意。審題首先要能做到：命題作文找出題眼，話題作文找出內涵，材料作文找出觀點。其次要做到四審：審題眼如果題眼是偏正短語，寫作重心在定語或狀語，如《身邊的小事》；如果題眼是動賓短語，寫作重心在動詞，如《享受生活》；如果題眼是主謂短語，寫作重心在謂語，如《我懂了》；如果題眼是并列短語，寫作重心在這兩個詞之間的關系上，如《得與失》。審范圍有的作文對所寫的時間、地點、人物、事件和數(shù)量等有明顯的限制，如《我的童年二三事》審文體有的作文還對寫作文體有所限制，可以通過抓文體標志來確定，記敘文常見文體標識有“記……”、“……的人”、“……的事”、“回憶……”。審要求一般作文都有命題者的硬性要求，必需緊扣要求，如字數(shù)不少于500字。審清題意后就要擬題目，俗話說“題好一半文”。題目的好壞，給閱卷老師留下第一印象。那么好作文題目的標準是什么？（1）簡練——用最少的字給人明確的意義和感情傾向。（2）新穎——用一種與之不同的視角，道出自己的個性思考。（3）切主題——對文章的主題有一定的暗示或提示作用。（4）有內涵——含義豐富，耐人尋味。（5）有文采——語言優(yōu)美，生動形象。擬題的方法又有哪些呢？（1）敘述式——直接以所敘述事作為文題，如《補課》。（2）貫穿式——好文章往往都有一條貫串全文的線索，并以此線索為題，如《背影》、《音樂伴我成長》。（3）觀點式——以觀點為題，中心明確，讓人一目了然，如《要正視自己的觀點》（4）用式——把詩詞歌曲、名言警句、成語俗語等引入文題，或略加改造，可以收到推陳出新、出奇制勝的效果，如《挫折，恨你沒商量》。（5）修辭式——在文題中巧妙地用比喻、擬人等修辭手法，使題目生動形象，如《小鳥在“書”林中歌唱》、《書蟲》。（6）懸念式——文題中設懸念，能引人注目，讓人產(chǎn)生急于閱讀的欲望，如《原來如此》、《大雁啊，你在何方》。（7）添加式——在話題或話題中心詞前或者后添加一定的詞語，組成一個完整的意義整體，如《走進春天》、《為春天歌唱》。三、篩選材料明確主旨作文材料來源于生活，我們身邊處處有材料，時時有材料。如何從繁多的材料中挑選出自己所需要的材料呢？這就要遵循選材的幾個原則：選能突出中心的材料材料是文章的血肉，主題是文章的靈魂統(tǒng)帥，讓學生選和主題有關、能有力說明、烘托、突出主題的材料。選熟悉的材料作文材料選擇的根本原則就是寫自己最為熟悉的東西，只有這樣，才能抒發(fā)真情實感。選典型的材料典型材料能深刻的反映事情本質，具有廣泛的代表性。俗話說“寧吃鮮桃一口，不吃爛杏一筐”，選擇那些以