【文章內容簡介】 句中也可以作定語。例如： like eating the mooncakes with space the earth looks like a huge watercovered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the 、with結構的特點+復合結構構成。復合結構中第一部分與第二部分語法上是賓語和賓語補足語關系,而在邏輯上,卻具有主謂關系,也就是說,可以用第一部分作主語,第二部分作謂語,構成一個句子。例如： With him taken care of,we felt quite relieved.(欣慰)→(He was taken good care of.)She fell asleep with the light burning.→(The light was burning.)With her hair gone,there could be no use for them.→(Her hair was gone.),第一部分為人稱代詞時,則該用賓格代詞。例如： He could not finish it without me to help 、幾點說明：： with 結構在句中作狀語,表示時間、條件、原因時一般放在句子前面,并用逗號與句子分開；表示方式和伴隨狀況時一般放在句子后面,不用逗號分開。若with結構作定語,則放在所修飾的名詞之后,一般不用逗號隔開。,不定式、現在分詞、和過去分詞的區(qū)別： 在with結構中,不定式、現在分詞作賓補,表示主動,但是不定式表示將要發(fā)生的動作,而現在分詞表示正在發(fā)生或發(fā)生了的動作；過去分詞表示被動或完成。例如： With the boy leading the way,we found he house easily.(小男孩已領過路)With the boy to lead the way,we will find the house easily tomorrow.(小男孩明天將領路)He lay on the bed with the bedroom door shut.(寢室被關著)： with結構具有上述功能和特點,而“介詞with+名詞或代詞(組)”組成的一般的with短語在句子中可以作定語和狀語。作狀語時,它能表示動作的方式、原因,但不能表示時間、伴隨和條件。在一般的with短語中,with后面所跟的不是復合結構,也根本沒有邏輯上的主謂關系。： with結構屬于獨立主格結構,但在結構上,with結構由介詞with或without引導,名詞前有冠詞、形容詞、所有格代詞或其它詞類所修飾,結構較松散；而獨立主格結構沒有with或without引導,結構嚴密,名詞前可用可不用修飾語。在句法功能上,with結構可以作定語,獨立主格結構則不能；獨立主格結構通常在句中作狀語,但也可以作主語,而with結構則不能。獨立主格在口語中不常用,往往由一個從句代替,而with結構較口語化,較常用。例如： There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them.(“with+復合賓語”結構,在句中作定語)A strong man working a whole day could not jump this high.(名詞+現在分詞構成的獨立主格結構,作主語)The boy said,turning to the man,his eyes opened wide and his hand raised.(獨立主格結構,表示伴隨狀況或行為方式,作狀語)Then last night,I followed him here,and climbed in,sword in hand.(名詞+介詞短語構成的獨立主格結構,作狀語,表示伴隨情況)board, she went out to get something to eat.(without+代詞+過去分詞,作為原因狀語) received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _______, he gladly accepted it.（2007 安徽） finished finished on, please give me some ideas about the so much work _______ my mind, I almost break down.(2007 福建) fill filled couldn’t do my homework with all that noise _______.（2005 北京） on on on go on two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.(2004 北京) for D/ Because of was a pity that the great writer died _______ his works unfinished.(2004 福建) young woman _______ a baby sleeping in her arms was wandering in the should go to sleep with the light turned so many homework to do, Mary won’t have time to play with her friends this the door open, the noise of the machines is almost of his mother out, he had to stay at home all things considered, her proposal is of greater than his time permitting, we will visit the Summer 參考答案：15ABAAB 612ABBCDBC 文 章來源第三篇：狀語從句教案狀語從句 聯系鏈： 1。引導詞的角度（1）可以同時用于名詞性從句和狀語從句的引導詞：when , whatever , that , where(2)可以同時用于形容詞性從句和狀語從句的引導詞：as , that , where , when （1）狀語從句具有副詞的功能（2）定語從句具有形容詞的功能（3）名詞性從句具有名詞的功能 （1）名詞性從句充當：主語，賓語，表語，同位語（2）形容詞性從句充當：定語（3）副詞性從句充當：狀語 (1)狀語從句和名詞性從句成分完整(2)定語從句成分不完整 5。語序角度狀語從句倒裝特殊句式 6。連詞角度主從句的邏輯關系兩個句子的關系并列句 知識鏈1。狀語從句時間狀語從句地點狀語從句原因狀語從句目的狀語從句條件狀語從句結果狀語從句讓步狀語從句比較狀語從句方式狀語從句 2。功能角度在整個主從句中作狀語 3。從句關系角度主從句中的主謂不一致4。主從句位置角度可前可后 5。語境角度主從句邏輯關系選擇連詞部分連詞引起的倒裝 6。時態(tài)的角度時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，主句用將來時，從句一般用現在時 模型鏈 狀語從句定義：在復合句中由從句表示的狀語稱作狀語從句，它可以用來修飾謂語（包括非謂語動詞）、定語或狀語，或是整個句子。狀語從句通常由一個連詞引起，也可以由一個起連詞作用的詞組引起，有時甚至不需要連詞直接和主句連接起來。狀語從句一般分為九大類（見下表）1．時間狀語從句：在時間狀語從句中，要注意時態(tài)一致，一般情況下主句是將來時的時候，從句要用一般現在時?？梢砸龑r間狀語從句的連詞很多，根據意義和主從句之間的時間關系，又可分類如下：(1)表示同時性，即主從句的謂語動作同時發(fā)生或幾乎同時發(fā)生。其連詞有：when（當……的時候）, while（當……的時候）, as（當……的時候）, as soon as（一……就……）, once（一旦……）等。如： Strike while the iron is 。While I am washing the floor, you can be cleaning the windows.（while含有對比的意思）我洗地板的時候，你可以擦窗戶。As / When I came home, I met an old schoolmate of 。I’ll ring you up as soon as I get an answer from 。Once you see him, you will never forget ，就不會忘了他的。(2)表示先時或后時，即主句的謂語動作發(fā)生在從句之前或之后，主要連詞有：after（在……之后）, before（在……之前）, when(=after)等。如：After / When the children had gone to bed, she began to prepare her lessons.（從句的動作發(fā)生在主句的動作之前，所以從句用了過去完成時）孩子睡覺了以后她開始備課。He had learned English for three years before he went to London.（主句的動作發(fā)生在從句的動作之前，所以主句用了過去完成時）他去倫敦之前已學了三年英語。It was not long before I forgot it all.(It is / was / will be …before…是常用句型)He ran off before I could stop him.（主句和從句的動作幾乎同時發(fā)生，時態(tài)一致）我還沒來得及阻止他他就跑掉了。(注意before在漢語中的譯義)(3)表示習慣性、經常性，即從句描述的不是一次性動作，而是經常發(fā)生的習慣性動作。主要連詞有every time（每次）, each time（每次）, whenever（每當）等。例如：Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help ，他們就來幫我們。Each time he came to town he would visit our ，總要來看看我們的學校。Every time I went to his house, he was ，他都出去了。（4）表示持續(xù)性或瞬間性，主要連詞有：since（自從）, ever since（自從）, until（直到……才/為止）, till（直到……才/為止）等。如： It is just a week since we arrived here.（It is /was… since…是常用句型）我們到這兒剛剛一星期。(主句的動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)時間較短，不能用ever since)You have been reading to me ever since James went out.（ever 放在since之前是用來表示說話者強調主句動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)時間長）自從James走后你一直在給我朗讀。The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged during the war and has been silent ever since.(ever since可以放在句末，since則不能)這只一向日夜不停打點報時的大鐘在戰(zhàn)爭中損壞了，從此就一直不響了。My uncle went to Tibet in has been living there ever ，從那以后他一直生活在那里。Things went well until / till one night an accident ，直到有一天晚上發(fā)生了意外。I knew nothing about it until / till he told me.(但Until he told me, I knew nothing about it.“till”不位于句首)他告訴我了我才知道。2． 地點狀語從句地點狀語從句是由where（在……的地方）, wherever（無論哪里）引導的： Wuhan lies where the Yangtze and the Han River 。Where there is a will, there is a ，事竟成。You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.(這里where引導的從句不是定語從句)哪有問題，你最好在哪做個記號。He would keep in touch with us wherever he ，總是與我們保持聯系。3．原因狀語從句表示原因的狀語從句可以由as（由于）, because(因為), since（既然）, now(that)（既然）, considering that（顧及到）, seeing that（由于）等連詞引導：I do it because I like 。(because不能與 so連用)He couldn’t h