【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.(上海卷) 解析：that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，在從句中只起連接作用，不作任何成分。“...we sleep because our brain is” programmed “to make us to so”是一個(gè)完整的句子，所以要用that引導(dǎo)。when和where在表語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)，分別表示“在??的時(shí)候”和“在??地方”。whether意為“是否”。 I speak to is in charge of International Sales ,please? A．a(chǎn)nyone B．someone C．whoever D．nomatter who 解析：whoever意為“任何人,無(wú)論誰(shuí)”,引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,作介詞to的賓語(yǔ)。同時(shí)whoever在從句中作主語(yǔ)。anyone意為“任何一個(gè)人”。someone意為“有人,某人”。都不能引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。no matter who意為“無(wú)論誰(shuí)”,用于引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,而不能引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。 can only be sure of_________ you have at present。you cannot be sure of something _____ you might get in the future.(安徽卷)。what 。/ 。that D./。that 解析：what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，what在賓語(yǔ)從句中作have的賓語(yǔ)。something后接定語(yǔ)從句，可以省略that。 is none of your business other people think about yourself.(福建卷) 解析：what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作think about的賓語(yǔ)。it作形式主語(yǔ)。為了使句子保持平衡，常用it代替主語(yǔ)從句或賓語(yǔ)從句，而把主語(yǔ)從句或賓語(yǔ)從句放到后面。how引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，在從句中作方式狀語(yǔ)，意為“如何”。which引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，意為“哪一個(gè)”。when引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，意為“當(dāng)??的時(shí)候”。 checked the doors were closed , and _________ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.(湖南卷) 解析：that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,在從句中只起連接作用,不作任何成分,常被省略,但當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)后接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),第一個(gè)that可以省略,第二個(gè)that不能省略。故選B項(xiàng)。why引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句意為“為什么”。when引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，意為“當(dāng)??的時(shí)候”。where引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句意為“在??地方”。 the right dictionary depends on ______ you want to use it 解析：what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,作介詞on的賓語(yǔ)。what在從句中作for的賓語(yǔ),表示選擇正確的詞典依賴于你使用它做什么，故選A項(xiàng)。why引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),在從句作原因狀語(yǔ),意為“為什么”。how引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),在從句作方式狀語(yǔ),意為“如何”。whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),意為“是否”。 say and do has a lifelong effect on their 解析：what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作say和do的賓語(yǔ)，表示“父母說(shuō)的話和做的事”。which和what都可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，并都可以在賓語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，但which指已知中的未知，范圍較窄，所指事物比較明確，含有選擇的意味。what卻指未知，范圍較寬，所指事物比較含糊。that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，在從句只起連接作用不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何成分。as用于引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句、原因狀語(yǔ)從句、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句等。 seaside here draws a lot of tourists every sunshine and soft sands make ________ it is.(天津卷) 解析：what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,同時(shí)在從句中作is的表語(yǔ)。which引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句意為“哪一個(gè)”,含有選擇的意味。how引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，意為“如何”,表示動(dòng)作的方式。where引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，意為“在??地方”。 not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s ______ the best jobs 解析：where在此引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，表示“??的地方”，又如：This is where the river is 。This is where I first met 。The coat is where you left 。1．The lawyer rarely wears anything other than jeans and a Tshirt ______ the 解析：此題考查 — ever 的用法, whatever ．Students are always interested in finding out_____they can go with a new far soon often long 解析：how far 在這兒表示相處到什么程度，3． _____ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in 解析：此題是由it引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，it為形式主語(yǔ)，,則應(yīng)該說(shuō)As is known to us all , the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in ．When asked _____ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.（湖南卷） 解析：what 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句, 從句中缺少賓語(yǔ) was most important to her, she told me, was her 解析：分析可知what 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句, 主語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ) suffered at the hands of Man ___ they were destroyed by people to make way for agriculture had to provide food for more which which that that 解析：in 介詞, 在 ??方面, that 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句, 做介詞in的賓語(yǔ), 例如, Human beings are different from animals in that man can create and use to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.（浙江卷） one 解析：whoever 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,從句缺少主語(yǔ), 表示無(wú)論是誰(shuí), 不強(qiáng)調(diào)具體人, 等于any one who children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home.（浙江卷） 解析： what 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句, 做介詞from的賓語(yǔ), 賓語(yǔ)從句缺少賓語(yǔ) panies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.（北京卷） 解析：what 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句, 做動(dòng)詞create的賓語(yǔ), 賓語(yǔ)從句缺少will be的主語(yǔ) last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water 解析：when 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句 in Chongqing are proud of _ _ they have achieved, in the past ten years.（重慶卷） 解析：what 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句, 賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少賓語(yǔ) people, __ they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.（重慶卷） if matter 解析：Whether引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，不管是年輕的還是年紀(jì)大的, 窮的還是富的 his best friend , I can make accurate guesses about ___he will do or 解析：what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句, 做介詞about 的賓語(yǔ), has been proved ___ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.(上海卷) 解析：此題考查that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句的用法。句中的it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是eating vegetables in ?life,所以要that引導(dǎo)這個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，而that不作任何成分， is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(NMET 1995) 答案D。當(dāng)名詞從句在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)置于句首，而將真正的主語(yǔ)從句放在句尾。此時(shí)it只起先行引導(dǎo)作用，本身無(wú)實(shí)義。此句也可以改寫為：That English is being accepted as an international language is a ．A puter can only do ____ you have instructed it to do．（NMET2001）A．how B．a(chǎn)fter C．what D．when答案C。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子的空白處應(yīng)該填引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞，做主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞do的賓語(yǔ)，同時(shí)該連接詞還是從句中的do的賓語(yǔ)，因此，此處的連接詞應(yīng)該用what。 the doctors really doubt is ____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．（上海2001年春季招生） 答案C。這是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù) doubt一詞可知，所懷疑的應(yīng)是是否能治好病，所以要填whether。這句話的意思是“醫(yī)生真的懷疑我媽媽是否能很快從重病中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)?！?．It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____he or she 答案B。根據(jù)句意“一般認(rèn)為孩子要什么就給什么是不好的?！笨梢钥闯龊竺娴膹木鋺?yīng)是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，而從句中wants缺少賓語(yǔ)， ；排除A和D，whichever表示“無(wú)論哪一個(gè)，無(wú)論哪些”，應(yīng)表示一定范圍內(nèi)的人或物，此處沒(méi)有涉及事物的范圍，所以應(yīng)選 B．whatever，表示“無(wú)論什么”。 the room last ought to turn off the lights.(MET1988) person 答案C。本題句子的意思是：無(wú)論誰(shuí)最后離開房間一定要把燈關(guān)掉。本題考查連接代詞whoever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，連接代詞whoever可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于any person who或The person who, 意為“一切??的人”。而anyone和the person均非連詞，不能引導(dǎo)從句，況who leaves the room last意為“某個(gè)最后離開房間的人”，與題意不符， person，都必須在它們后面再加上引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞who?！盁o(wú)論誰(shuí)”的含義了。 hopes to bee a friend of ______shares her matter who答案為C。本題句子的意思是：Sarah希望跟自己有共同愛好的人交朋友。疑問(wèn)詞+ever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句與no matter+疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的從句的區(qū)別是：前者既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；后者只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。首先排除A和D，從句中需要的是主語(yǔ)，所以whomever也不行。 still remember ______ this used to be a quiet village.(NMET1993) 答案A。根據(jù)從句中缺少的句子成分是狀語(yǔ)，排除D．what，而答案C, D均與題意不符，所以應(yīng)選A．when。used to be表示一種過(guò)去存在的狀態(tài)，本句的意思是“我仍然記得這里在什么時(shí)候是個(gè)寧?kù)o的地方?！?．I read about it in some book or other，does it matter ____ it was？A．where B．what C．how D．which答案D。這是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句。主語(yǔ)從句中缺少表語(yǔ)。從上句的意思分析，應(yīng)是哪本書，所以要填which，這句話的意思是“我在某本書中讀到過(guò)有關(guān)這方面的內(nèi)容，是哪一本書重要嗎？”。 has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into C when (2001年上海)答案B。該題考查that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句通常由that引導(dǎo)，接在fact, news, promise, possibility, information, doubt, message名詞后，用來(lái)解釋或說(shuō)明名詞的內(nèi)容。10.—I thin