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id you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事?We often played together when we were 。He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t ,但現(xiàn)在不抽了。Whenever we were in trouble, he would help ,他都會幫助我們。At that time she was very good at 。He said he would wait until they came 。它也可以用來表示在過去某段時間里經常發(fā)生的習慣性動作。這一點在表達意義上與一般現(xiàn)在時相同,只是所在的時間區(qū)域不同而已。由于它的主要作用如此,所以在使用一般過去時的句子里常常有一個意義較具體的過去時間狀語。這也是它與現(xiàn)在完成時的最大區(qū)別之一。一般過去時由謂語動詞的過去式表示,也就是說動詞詞末要加ed(除不規(guī)則動詞外)。常和一般過去時連用的過去時間狀語有:last night(week ,month , year , century , etc.), yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning(afternoon , evening), in 1999 , two hours ago(one week ago , tree years ago , ?)等等。使用一般過去時,在某種意義上說就是要強調動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生或存在于過去的某個時候。“過去”的時間概念有兩層意思:一是指“現(xiàn)在某個時間”以前的時間;二是指“說話、寫文章的那個時間點”以前的時間,在這個意義上,“現(xiàn)在的那個時間點”是很小很小的,甚至于小到無法量化的程度。例如:He got his driving license last 。Where39。s Jim? 吉姆在哪里?He just went 。(1)在賓語從句中,由于時態(tài)呼應的關系,可用一般過去時表示現(xiàn)在:I didn’t know you were 。(were實際上指現(xiàn)在)I didn’t know you were so busy.我沒想到你這么忙。(were實際上指現(xiàn)在)(2)表示客氣委婉的現(xiàn)在:I wondered if you were free this 。I thought you might like some ?!咀ⅰ磕苓@樣有的動詞主要限于want, wonder, think, hope, intend等少數(shù)動詞。(3)用于某些特殊結構中表示現(xiàn)在:It’s time we 。I wish I knew his 。I’d rather you lived closer to ?!咀ⅰ吭撚梅ㄖ饕糜?it’s time, I wish, I’d rather, if only, as if, as though 等少數(shù)結構后接從句的情形,其中有些結構后面的句子還可用一般過去時表示將來:I’d rather you came next 。另外表主觀想法的虛擬條件句也用一般過去時表示現(xiàn)在:If I had the money now I’d buy a ,我就買輛小汽車?!钜话銓頃r由 will 加動詞原形構成,當主語是第一人稱時,也可以用 shall 加動詞原形。例如:Telephone me this ’ll be at ,我會在家。I’ll(shall/will)do a better job next 。The car won’t 。Oil and water will not 。主要用來描述將要發(fā)生的動作或存在于未來的情況。這里所說的“將來時間”是指“說話、寫文章那一刻以后的時間”。它的表示方法主要有如下幾種:1)shall / will + 動詞原形這種表示方法是說,動作在現(xiàn)在或目前還未發(fā)生,要在將來的某個時間內發(fā)生;它沒有主觀性,是“純粹的將來動作”。例如:I shall / will not be free 。He will arrive here this 。2)be(am / is / are)+ going +不定式這種表示方法主要是說明 A)“說話人的意圖、打算”;B)“某種可能性”。例如:A)He is going to spend his holidays in 。Who is going to speak first? 誰先發(fā)言?B)It is going to rain 。Is he going to collect any data for us? 他會幫我們收集資料嗎?If you go to New Zealand, you are going to like the ,你會喜歡上那個地方的。3)be(am / is / are)+ 不定式表示方法描述兩鐘情況:按計劃安排要發(fā)生的動作,這個動作發(fā)生的時間一般不會很遠; 要求或命令他人做某事。例如:A)The new bridge is to open to traffic in three 。The factory is to go into production before National 。B)You are not to bring any mobile munication means into the 。You are to stay home until your mother es 。4)用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在進行時(限于某些動詞)表示按計劃安排要發(fā)生的事。主要強調“按計劃安排要發(fā)生的事”。例如:Do you get off at the next stop? 你下一站下車嗎?The plane takes off at 11:00 。 is leaving for New York next 。1.“be+不定式”:表示命令、安排、傾向或必須、義務等。如:She is to play 。You are to make the necessary 。2.“be about to + 不定式”:表示即將發(fā)生的動作,有“即將”的意思,但不能和具體的時間狀語連用。如:The package is about to e 。3.“be going + 不定式”:表示按計劃或安排打算去做某事,或表示有跡象表明要發(fā)生某事。如:We are going to call her this 。My sister’s going to have a baby this 。:主要表示按規(guī)定或時間預計要發(fā)生的事。如:The students are leaving on 。We’re having a party next 。:表示按規(guī)定或時間預計要發(fā)生的事。如:We have a holiday 。The train leaves at 10:04 this :04分開?!瞵F(xiàn)在進行時由 am/is/are 加現(xiàn)在分詞構成。例句:They’re having a 。I’m studying at an evening 。Mike is ing home on 。They’re having a party next 。You’re always interrupting me!你老打斷我的話!(抱怨)My father is always losing his car 。(不滿)She’s always helping 。(贊揚)主要用來描述“說話、寫文章的當刻”正在發(fā)生的動作,或是“現(xiàn)階段”一直在進行的動作。它適用于下面的情況:1)“說話、寫文章的當刻”正在發(fā)生的動作。例如:They are having a football 。She is writing her term 。Someone is asking for you on the 。2)“現(xiàn)階段”一直在進行的動作。這種情況并不是說某個動作在說話的那會兒正在發(fā)生,而是說某個動作在當前一段時間內一直在進行著,或是重復地發(fā)生著。例如:He is preparing for CET Band 。How are you getting along with your new job? 你那份新工作干得怎么樣?3)表示說話人的情感,如:贊許、批評;喜歡、厭惡等。這時的動作并不是正在發(fā)生或進行,而是表示經常性,相當于“一般現(xiàn)在時”所描述的情況。例如:He is always thinking of others , not of himself.(表示贊許)他總是為他人著想,而不為自己。She is often doing well at school.(表示滿意)她在學校學習挺不錯的。Are you feeling better today?(表示親切)你今天覺得好一些嗎?One of my roommates is constantly leaving things about.(表示不滿)我的一個室友老是亂扔東西。Some sellers are often knocking at our door and promoting their products to us.(表示不喜歡)有些推銷員老是敲我家的門,向我們推銷他們的產品。4)表示在近期按計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作,用于這種情況僅限于少量的動詞,如:go , e , leave ,arrive , see , have , lunch(吃午飯), return, dine(進餐,尤指晚餐), work , sleep , stay , play , do , wear(穿,戴)等。例如:I39。m dinning out with my friends this 。An American professor is giving a lecture this 。We are having a holiday next 。Are you staying here till next week? 你要在這兒呆到下星期嗎? 現(xiàn)在進行時表將來,主要表示按計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作:I’m leaving 。They’re getting married next 。現(xiàn)在進行時與一般現(xiàn)在時均可表示將來,區(qū)別是:用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來,其計劃性較強,并往往暗示一種意圖;而一般現(xiàn)