【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 “recurrent syntactical similarities introduced for rhetorical effect“(Webster39。s New Collegiate Dictionary,1977；831)．英語排比具有結(jié)構(gòu)整齊，節(jié)奏鮮明，語言簡(jiǎn)練等特點(diǎn)．在英語演講中運(yùn)用排比旬，可以增加演講詞的節(jié)奏感和音韻美，突出演講者雄辯口才和強(qiáng)烈感情，增強(qiáng)演講語言的氣勢(shì)，提高演講的說服力和欣賞性．二，奧巴馬獲勝演講個(gè)案排比分析奧巴馬于2008年11月4日當(dāng)選為美國總統(tǒng)。并于當(dāng)晚發(fā)表了獲勝演講．這次演講富有很強(qiáng)的號(hào)召力和感染力，喚起了民眾戰(zhàn)勝金融危機(jī)的信心和勇氣。現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的無數(shù)觀眾被感動(dòng)得熱淚盈眶．奧巴馬在他的獲勝演講中熟練地運(yùn)用了一系列的修辭方法，如捧比，對(duì)比，反復(fù)，對(duì)仗，引用等，其中排比的使用次數(shù)最多．下面我們就以排比結(jié)構(gòu)在奧巴馬獲勝演講(Barak Obama’s Victory Speech)中的置,選取了四個(gè)代表性的例子，來討論其修辭效果。（一）從句開頭的排比If there is anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place where all things are possible，who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time，who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your 。奧巴，美國民主制度的力量”的質(zhì)疑．通過這三個(gè)排比旬，奧巴馬言簡(jiǎn)意賅地表達(dá)了他獲勝的意義：顯示出“美國夢(mèng)”的獨(dú)特性和普遍價(jià)值，顯示出他的能馬用自己勝選的事實(shí)回答了某些人對(duì)“美國是否凡事都有可能，美國奠基者的夢(mèng)想是否依然鮮活力，肯定了美國是一切皆有可能的地方，肯定他的獲勝是對(duì)美國政治文化傳統(tǒng)的繼承而不是背離．開場(chǎng)耐人尋味的排比，便已打開了選民們的心聲以及繼續(xù)聽下去的欲望。（二）排比結(jié)構(gòu)用在段首 It’s the answer told by lines that stretched around schools and churches in numbers this nation has never seen；By people who waited three hours and four hour...It’s the answer spoken by young and old, rich and poor, Democrat and Republican，black，white, Hispanic，Asian，Native American, gay, straight, disabled and not disabled...It’s the answer that led those who have been told...to put their hands Off the arc of history and bend it once more toward the hope of a better day．首先，在前兩個(gè)位于段首的排比句群中，奧巴馬強(qiáng)調(diào)他是“設(shè)在學(xué)校和教堂的投票站前排起的前所未見的長(zhǎng)隊(duì)”，是“等了三四個(gè)小時(shí)的選民”，是“所有美國人民”共同選舉出來的總統(tǒng)。他重申了自己當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)是合法的，是由美國人民通過民主方式選舉出來的．第三個(gè)排比句群在意義上是對(duì)前兩個(gè)排比句群的總結(jié)和升華。奧巴馬呼吁美國人民要對(duì)美國的未來有信心，同時(shí)暗示作為新一任的總統(tǒng)，他會(huì)繼承美國的歷史傳統(tǒng)，讓“美國夢(mèng)”延續(xù)。這三個(gè)排比句群的使用，增強(qiáng)了演講的氣勢(shì)，有力地回?fù)袅四切?duì)奧巴馬獲勝原因存在質(zhì)疑的人，同時(shí)向聽眾做出了有力的保證，調(diào)動(dòng)了聽眾的積極性，激發(fā)了聽眾的自信心．（三）介詞短語的排比To those who would tear this world down, we will defeat those who seek peace and security, we support you．And to all those who have wondered if America’s beacon still burns as bright, tonight we proved once more that the strength of our nation es...from the enduring power of our ideals :democracy, liberty, opportunity, and unyielding hope．介詞短語To those的反復(fù)出現(xiàn)，明確了要擊敗和支持的對(duì)象，語氣強(qiáng)烈，一針見血．這既是對(duì)恐怖分子敲警鐘，又給予了愛好和平的人們奮斗的力量。同時(shí)，向那些懷疑美國能否繼續(xù)照亮世界發(fā)展前景的人們證明。美國真正的力量來自于這個(gè)國家的理想：民主、自由、機(jī)會(huì)和不屈的希望。排比結(jié)構(gòu)的出現(xiàn)突出了強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容，語言氣勢(shì)逼人，具有強(qiáng)大的震撼力。（四）句型結(jié)構(gòu)的排比For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans in search of a new us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the west。endured the lash of the whip and plowed the hard us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg, Normand and Khe ，以排比的結(jié)構(gòu)，按時(shí)間的順序回顧了影響美國歷史進(jìn)程的重大事件：建國之前的跨洋移民，建國之后的西進(jìn)運(yùn)動(dòng)，獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，南北戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，第二次世界大戰(zhàn)等等，以此鼓勵(lì)美國公民勇敢地面對(duì)金融危機(jī)給當(dāng)今美國經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來的種種困難的挑戰(zhàn)。該段重復(fù)了主謂句式結(jié)構(gòu)，“for us” 和主語“they”，這種排比句式不僅使得上下文的意義緊密連接，銜接自然，同時(shí)也會(huì)是語篇的整體意義在聽眾的頭腦中留下深刻的印象，使聽眾與奧巴馬產(chǎn)生共鳴。（五）段尾的排比And tonight,...she’s seen...the heartache and the hope；the struggle and the progress...Yes we can．At a time...she lived to see them stand up and speak out and reach for the we can．When there was...she saw a nation conquer fear itself with a New Deal，new jobs and a new sense of mon we can．When the bombs...she was there to witness a generation rise to greatness and a democracy was we can． She was we Can．A man...And this year, in this election..., she knows how America can we can．在這里奧巴馬以一個(gè)106歲的老婦人參加投票為例，運(yùn)用了一系列的排比來烘托現(xiàn)場(chǎng)氣氛，具有很強(qiáng)的說服力和感染力。連續(xù)4個(gè)“她看到了”(she’s seen，she lived to see，she saw, she was there to witness)和6個(gè)“是的，我們能”(Yes We can)，強(qiáng)調(diào)美國能達(dá)成正義和平等，能獲得機(jī)遇和繁榮能治愈這個(gè)國家，能補(bǔ)救這個(gè)世界，強(qiáng)調(diào)美國能發(fā)生變革!這種以具體的人物、事例和具體的生活場(chǎng)景為主體構(gòu)成的排比語段，真正達(dá)到了提高語言表現(xiàn)力的目。這幾段出現(xiàn)在演講末尾的排比具有排山倒海的氣勢(shì)，具有強(qiáng)大的煽動(dòng)性，把整個(gè)演講再次推向了高潮。在整個(gè)獲勝演講當(dāng)中，通過捧比，奧巴馬將有魅力的句子集中，演講節(jié)奏分明，氣氛被一次次的推向的高潮，演講大為增色。這些排比的運(yùn)用，創(chuàng)造了演講中的個(gè)個(gè)亮點(diǎn)，氣勢(shì)磅礴，使聽眾的情感受到一次次的震。．三 結(jié)語演講是一門勸說的藝術(shù)。演講者要達(dá)到勸說的目的，就必須講究演講詞的語言表達(dá)技巧，這種技巧在語言層面的體現(xiàn)之一就是修辭手法的運(yùn)用。排比是英語演講中最常見的修辭手法。國內(nèi)學(xué)者對(duì)于排比的修辭效果給予了充分的肯定?！芭疟仁怯⒄Z所有修辭格中最常使用的修辭格之一。任何學(xué)會(huì)使用并能駕馭排比及其變化的人都會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)排比可使演講條理清楚，效果顯著，具有難以衡量的價(jià)值”(張秀國．2005)奧巴馬這篇獲勝演講中排比修辭手法的運(yùn)用，成功的達(dá)到了說服聽眾的目的．參考文獻(xiàn)：（1）奧巴馬獲勝演講英文原文網(wǎng)址：（2）何曉勤 演講勸說訴諸語篇 外語與外語教學(xué)．2004．(11)（3）張秀田 《英語鉻辭學(xué)》北京：青華大學(xué)出版杜．2005（4）梁文道 《奧巴馬的勝利是修辭學(xué)的勝利 》 南方周末，2008(5)徐鵬 《英語辭格 》北京：商務(wù)印書館，1977第三篇：奧巴馬就職演講。 my request the conqueror questioned the man who jumped the , are arguing about the document of the monumental , Lever never fevers。nevertheless, he is clever ,杠桿從未發(fā)燒。盡管如此,他始終機(jī)靈。 never mind your unkind reminding that my grindstone hinders your 。 feed the food to the bleeding man in the 39。s a treason terror of the seasonal oversea seafood is 。 veteran in velvet found that the diameter of the thermometer was one cube in the tubular cup occupies one cubic (的體積). the spotless potatoes, tomatoes and tobacco atoms into the hot 、番茄和煙草微粒放進(jìn)熱鍋里。 preacher preached to the teacher39。s .“My behavior is on behalf of half zebras,” the algebra teacher said.“我的行為代表了一半斑馬的利益,” my uncle, I likely like that bike(bicycle).我不像叔叔, likes nothing but things of clothing and , doctor39。s doctrine undid one dollar and a dozen of 。 the bus the busy businessman did a business with the , and tablets on the stably established table show no 。, the prime criminal39。s crime has nothing to do with lime and ring on the spring string rings during 。 in the hut, I39。m puzzled how to cut down the output of ,我為削減堅(jiān)果的產(chǎn)量犯難。39。s better to put letters at the inlet and this serious period, the superierrorries of questions about the ,上級(jí)問了下級(jí)一連串有關(guān)超級(jí)市場(chǎng)的問題。 tuned the tone of the stone phone with a Revenue avenue, the grave traveler jumped the gravestone , slave safely saved the sharp shavers in a cave nearby the hosts are hostile to the foremost ghost hostage almost to the mapper trapped in the gap tapped the tap wrapper with scout with shoulderstraps shouted on the outermost route as a reproached coach unloaded the loaves to the approachable news about the broadened breadth is broadcast motive of the emotional movie is to move the removed 。, mother will go to another movie together with ,媽媽就和弟弟一起去看另一場(chǎng)電影。, we gathered leather and feather for the future colder ,我們收集了皮革和羽毛以應(yīng)付將來更冷的天氣。 the premier, the old soldier scolds the cold 。 the weather is good or bad, neither father nor I am going to the ,父親和我都不去參加那個(gè)聚會(huì)。 Particle party39。s partner particip