【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 s bill ? 6.— Could I speak to headmaster ? — ______ on for a moment loudly is at work 39。s wrong ? : Hello!Could I speak to Miss Grey , please ? B : ______ 39。m Miss , you are you ? 答案與簡析：.C?！癏ow are you ? ”是熟人之間常用的客套招呼語，答語常用 “Fine , thank you.”或“Very well , thank you.”表示問候的用語還有“Good morning / afternoon / / Hi.”等，答語須重復(fù)原話。.B。介紹某人，常用句型“This is...”。自我介紹則用“My name is...”或“I39。m...”。“Nice to meet you.”一般在兩人初次見面被互相介紹后使用，其答語為“Nice to meet you , too.”?！癏ow do you do ? ”和“Glad to meet you.”也屬于介紹用語。打電話時，欲問對方是誰，應(yīng)說“Who is that(speaking)? ”。打電話時，欲說“我是……”，應(yīng)說“This is...”。.A。接電話時，若想請對方別掛斷或稍等，應(yīng)說“Hold on(for a moment), please.”。接電話時，若你正是對方要找的人，可說“請講”(Speaking.)；若對方要找的人不在，可說“He / She isn39。t here right I take a message for you ? ”。第二篇：初一英語上冊語法總結(jié)Book 1 上冊 Guide to language use一．動詞be（is,am,are）的用法：說明身份，年齡，狀態(tài)等?？谠E：我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is跟著他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。單數(shù)名詞用is，復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are。變否定，更容易，be后not加上去。變疑問，往前提，句末問號莫丟棄。還有一條須注意，句首大寫莫忘記。be動詞的用法：be動詞包括“am”, “is”, “are”三種形式。第一人稱單數(shù)(I)配合am來用。句型解析析：I am+…I am a am a (You)配合are使用。句型解析：You are+…You are my good are a good (He or She or It)配合is使用。句型解析：She(He, It)is +…She is a good is so (we /you/they)配合are使用。句型解析：We(You, They)are +…We are in Class 5,Grade are good ： 綜合解析當(dāng)使用be動詞的時候，前面請先加上第幾人稱。be動詞前面的人稱，是不可隨意替換的。例如：I am, You are, She is，并不會出現(xiàn)I is, You am, She are 這樣的情形。2 當(dāng)只有第一人稱和第二人稱或第三人稱時應(yīng)該把第二人稱或第三人稱放在前例如:you and I, Tom and I當(dāng)?shù)诙朔Q和第三人稱放在一起時把第二人稱放在前面，例如：you and Tom 當(dāng)三者都有時，排序為：2 3 1 例如you, Tom and I 練習(xí)： ______ ______ old ______ ______ you Mr , I ______ your name ____ Ann二 情態(tài)動詞Can can作“能、會”解，否定式是cannot，縮寫為can’t?！癱an+動詞原形”“can’t+動詞原形”：表示某人能做或不能做某事 Can 是情態(tài)動詞，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。Can 表示的”能力”為現(xiàn)在的能力，而不是過去或?qū)淼哪芰?。Book 1 上冊 Guide to language use 1).for ability表示能力。例如：—Can you write in English? —Yes, I can run fast,can you?2).indicating acquired knowledge or skill表示獲得的知識或技能。例如：—Can she speak Japanese? —No, she can’？不，她不會。3).indicating permission表示許可。例如：Can I read your newspaper?我能看看你的報紙嗎？Can I take you home?我送你回家行嗎？We can’t wear jeans at 。4).indicating requests表示要求。例如：Can you help me with this box?你能幫我弄這個箱子嗎？Can you feed the cat?你喂喂貓好嗎？5).indicating possibly表示可能性。例如：That can’t be Mary—she’s in —她住院了。He can’t have slept through all that 。There’s someone outside—who can it be?外面有人—會是誰呢？6).used to make suggestions用以提出建議。例如：We can eat in a restaurant, if you ，咱們可以在飯館吃飯。I can take the car if 。三 情態(tài)動詞Would Would是will的過去式，可用于各人稱，表示過去時間的“意志”、“愿望”和 “決心”等。如：I told peter that I would go along wit 。2 would用來表示現(xiàn)在時間時時，不論是表達(dá)說話人本身的意志或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱?，均較will婉轉(zhuǎn)。如：Would you like to have a glass of wine? 你要喝杯酒嗎? Would you please tell me the way to the nearest busstop?[注]在日常會話中，I would like to和I should like to都可以說，I would like的簡略式為I39。d like。如：yes, I’d like , I’d love toYes, very , ai already have an I found that retired persons would often go to the park to play 。When he had a problem to solve，he would work at it until he found an ，他總是想辦法一直到找到答案為止。練習(xí)：Can you speak Japanese?No, 39。t39。t39。t not 2 The children___ play football on the 39。t39。t 3Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? you are, I can39。t, please me try Book 1 上冊 Guide to language use Excuse you please pass me that cup? 5 ___ you like to have another try? 6Would you like to go boating with us?Yes, 39。d like want 39。d like to do 四 “there be”句型There be句型主要用以表達(dá)“某處（某時）有某人（某物）?！逼浠窘Y(jié)構(gòu)為“There be＋某物（某人）＋某地（某時）”其中there是引導(dǎo)詞，沒有詞義；主語是be后面的名詞，be是謂語動詞，在一般現(xiàn)在時中be只用is和are兩種形式。There be句型中的be動詞如何確定呢？請先看看下面這首歌訣：Be動詞，有三個，am，is還有are。“There be”真特別，不留am只留倆，那就是is還有are。要用is還是are，須看其后的名詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。若是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞用is，否則就用are。如：①There is a tree behind the house.②There is some water（水）in the bottle（瓶子）.③There are some pears in the box.(3)注意：如果“be”后的主語是由and連接的兩個或兩個以上的名詞，那么be的形式要遵循“遠(yuǎn)親不如近鄰”的原則。也就是說，“be”的形式是由與它最近的那個名詞來確定的。若那個名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞要用is，是復(fù)數(shù)就用are。如： ①There is a book and some pens on the floor.②There are some pens and a book on the ：there is an apple on the table 否定句：there isn39。t an apple on the : Is there an apple on the table?回答:yes, there is./ No, there isn39。t 特殊疑問句：what is there on the ：There be句型表示某處存在某物或某人。：(1)There is +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+ 地點(diǎn)狀語.(2)There are +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+，在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，翻譯時也不必譯出。句子的主語是某人或某物，謂語動詞be要與主語（某人或某物）的數(shù)保持一致。當(dāng)主語是兩個或兩個以上的名詞時，謂語動詞要與跟它最近的那個名詞一致。① There is a bird in the 。② There is a teacher and many students in our 。③ There are two boys and a girl under the ，一個女孩。 be句型與have的區(qū)別：(1)There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含義。區(qū)別如下：There be表示“某處存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人擁有某物/某人”，它表示所有、擁有關(guān)系。eg.①He has two 。Book 1 上冊 Guide to language use②There are two men in the 。(2)當(dāng)have表示“包括”、“存在”的含義時，There be 句型與其可互換。①A week has seven days.=There are seven days in a 。4 變臉一：否定句There be句型的否定式的構(gòu)成和含有be動詞的其它句型一樣，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副詞，no為形容詞，not a/an/any + + n.。例如：There are some pictures on the wall.→There aren39。t any pictures on the wall.=There are no pictures on the is a bike behind the tree.→ There isn39。t a bike behind the tree.=There is no bike behind the 變臉二：一般疑問句There be句型的一般疑問句變化是把be動詞調(diào)整到句首，再在句尾加上問號即可，此為“調(diào)整法”。但同時要注意：當(dāng)肯定句中有some時，要將其改為any（否定變化也一樣）。看看下面兩句是如何“改頭換面”的吧：There is some water on Mars.→ Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water.→Are there any fish in the water? 6 變臉三：特殊疑問句There be句型的特殊疑問句形式有以下三種變化：① 對主語提問：當(dāng)主語是人時，用“Who39。s+介詞短語?”；當(dāng)主語是物時，用“What39。s + 介詞短語?”。注意：無論原句的主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對之提問時一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時卻要根據(jù)實際情況來決定)。如： There are many things over there.→What39。s over there? There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room? ② 對地點(diǎn)狀語提問：提問地點(diǎn)當(dāng)然用“Where is / are+主語?”啦！例如： There is a puter on the desk.→ Where is the puter? There are four children on the playground.→Where are the four children? ③ 對數(shù)量提問：一般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)：How many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are there+介詞短語？ How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+介詞短語？ 練習(xí)：五“have got” 六序數(shù)詞 七 一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時：1)它表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。 go to school on is very busy )表示主語的特征、性格、能力、愛好等。 can work like watching )表示客觀真理，表示格言或警句中 are seven days in a moon moves round the 其結(jié)構(gòu)按正常語序，即“主語+謂語+其它”，有時為了起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用， 其句式變化可分為兩種情況 Book 1 上冊 Guide to language use