【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 scending cars 14 Module SESA3002a。 Aerospace Design Concept design。 TRIZ (Teoriya Resheniya Izobreatatelskikh Zadatch ) Principle 13. “The Other Way Round” A Invert the action(s) used to solve the problem (. instead of cooling an object, heat it) ? To loosen stuck parts, cool the inner part instead of heating the outer part. ? Vacuum casting ? Test pressure vessel by varying pressure outside rather than inside the vessel ? Test seal on a liquid container by filling with pressurised air and immersing in liquid。 trails of bubbles are easier to trace than slow liquid leaks ? Place nuts in a vacuum to get them out of their shells ? “Upsidedown” motorcycle forks B Make movable parts (or the external environment) fixed, and fixed parts movable) ? Hamster wheel ? Rotate the part instead of the tool. ? Wind tunnels ? Moving sidewalk with standing people C Turn the object (or process) 39。upside down39。 ? Clean bottles by inverting and injecting water from below。 the water then drains by itself. ? Turn an assembly upside down to insert fasteners ? Open tinned beans from the bottom to get out beans that would otherwise have stuck to the bottom due to storage 15 Module SESA3002a。 Aerospace Design Concept design。 TRIZ (Teoriya Resheniya Izobreatatelskikh Zadatch ) Principle 14. Spheroidality Curvature A Instead of using rectilinear parts, surfaces, or forms, use curvilinear ones。 move from flat surfaces to spherical ones。 from parts shaped as a cube (parallelepiped) to ballshaped structures ? Use arches and domes for strength in architecture. ? Introduce stress relieving holes at the ends of slots ? Change curvature on lens to alter light deflection properties B Use rollers, balls, spirals, domes ? Spiral gear (Nautilus) produces continuous resistance for weight lifting. ? Use spherical casters instead of cylindrical wheels to move furniture ? Archimedes screw C Go from linear to rotary motion (or vice versa) ? Rotary actuators in hydraulic system. ? Switch from reciprocating to rotary pump ? Linear motors D Use centrifugal forces ? Centrifugal casting for even wall thickness structures ? Spin ponents after painting to remove excess paint ? Watt governor ? Vortex/cyclone separates different density objects 16 Module SESA3002a。 Aerospace Design Concept design。 TRIZ (Teoriya Resheniya Izobreatatelskikh Zadatch ) Principle 15. Dynamics A Allow (or design) the characteristics of an object, external environment, or process to change to be optimal or to find an optimal operating conditionA ? Adjustable steering wheel (or seat, or back support, or mirror position...) ? Gel fillings inside seat allow it to adapt to user ? Shape memory alloys/polymers. ? Racing car suspension adjustable for different tracks and driving techniques ? Telescopic curtain rail allows for one size fits all B Divide an object into parts capable of movement relative to each other ? Articulated lorry ? Folding chair/mobile phone/laptop/etc ? Brush seals C If an object (or process) is rigid or inflexible, make it movable or adaptive ? Bendy drinking straw ? Flexible joint ? Strimmer D Increase the degree of free motion ? Use of different stiffness fibres in toothbrush – easily deflected at the edges to prevent gum damage, hard in the middle ? Loose sand inside truck tyre gives it selfbalancing properties at speed 17 Module SESA3002a。 Aerospace Design Concept design。 TRIZ (Teoriya Resheniya Izobreatatelskikh Zadatch ) Principle 16. Partial or Excessive Actions A If 100 percent of an object is hard to achieve using a given solution method then, by using 39。slightly less39。 or 39。slightly more39。 of the same method, the problem may be considerably easier to solve ? Over spray when painting, then remove excess. ? When painting walls, don39。t use the roller right up to the ceiling。 touch up with a brush ? Fill, then top off when pouring a pint of Guinness. ? Shrink wrapping process uses plastic deformation of wrapping to acmodate variations in vacuum pressure. ? ?Roughing? and ?Finish? machining operations. ? Overfill holes with plaster and then rub back to smooth. ? (Use of Pareto analysis to prioritise actions when not all can be achieved with the available resources.) 18 Module SESA3002a。 Aerospace Design Concept design。 TRIZ (Teoriya Resheniya Izobreatatelskikh Zadatch ) Principle 17. Another Dimension A If an object contains or moves in a straight line, consider use of dimensions or movement outside the line ? Serrated or scalloped edges on a knife blade or hole punch ? Curved bristles on a brush ? Coiled telephone cable ? “Stacked” elevator Petronas towers B If an object contains or moves in a plane, consider use of dimensions or movement outside the current plane ? Spiral staircase uses less floor area ? Introduction of down and up slopes between stations on railway reduces train acceleration and deceleration power requirements ? Conical instead of plain flange joint C Use a multistorey arrangement of objects instead of a singlestorey arrangement ? Cassette with 6 CDs to increase music time and variety ? Multistorey office blocks or carparks D Tilt or reorient the object, lay it on its side ? Dump truck E Use 39。another side39。 of a given area. ? Mount puter chip ponents on both sides of a silicon card ? Fix a leaking car radiator or pipe by adding fluid sealant to the inside rather than trying to seal from outside ? Nokia QWERTY phone 19 Module SESA3002a。 Aerospace Design Concept design。 TRIZ (Teoriya Resheniya Izobreatatelskikh Zadatch ) Principle 18. Mechanical Vibration A Cause an object to oscillate or vibrate ? Electric carving knife with vibrating blades ? Shake