進(jìn)出口實(shí)務(wù)7(編輯修改稿)
2025-02-11 00:15 本頁(yè)面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 count. 27 Procedure of Documentary Collection and Parties Involved Drawer (seller) Remitting bank (drawer ’ s bank) Drawee (buyer) Collecting bank ( drawee ’ s bank) 1. Contract 2. Goods 3. Application + Documents + Draft 4. Advice of terms of collection + documents + draft 5. Advise of collection 9. Payment 8. Payment 6. Payment/ Acceptance 7. Documents released 28 Types of Collection ? Documentary Collection ?Documents against Payment (D/P) 付款交單 ?the collecting bank releases the documents to the importer only upon full and immediate cash payment. ?Documents against Acceptance (D/A) 承兌交單 ?If a period of credit to the importer is agreed upon, a usance bill will be used ?The documents will be released against acceptance by the importer. ? Clean Collection 光票托收 – without the pany of mercial documents 29 Letter of Credit ? Definition The written promise of a bank, undertaken on behalf of a buyer, to pay a seller the amount specified in the credit provided the seller plies with the terms and conditions set forth in the credit ? Features ?Bank credit ?Security of payment to exporter ?Ensure importer receive goods as ordered (payment released only if title documents are received) ?Care only for documents, not for actual transaction of the goods 30 Content of L/C (See ) ? Name address of opening bank ? Date of issuance of L/C ? Number of L/C ? Credit amount ? Description of cargo ? Type of L/C ? Name address of the parties concerned ? Documents provided ? Details of shipment ? Validity period for L/C ? Settlement instructions ? Fees clauses ? Special clause, if any 31 Procedure of L/C ? After signing the sales contract with the seller, the buyer (the applicant) will present to his local bank (the issuing bank) the contract, an application letter and other documents required for the opening of an L/C. ? The issuing bank then issues the letter of credit to one of its branches or correspondent banks in the seller’s country (the advising bank) if the applicant plies with all the conditions required. ? The advising bank will notify the seller of the arrival of the credit. ? Once paying an advising fee, the seller (the beneficiary) receives the original of the documentary credit. He has to examine the credit closely before he accepts it. 32 Issuing Bank/ Buyer’s Bank Seller/ Beneficiary L/C Application Buyer/Applicant Advising Bank Letter of Credit L/C Advice Contract (1) (2) (3) (4) Opening an L/C 33 Methods of settlement ? Settlement by sight payment ? Settlement by deferred payment ? Settlement by acceptance ? Settlement by negotiation 34 Settlement by Sight Payment Docs released Buyer/Applicant Seller/ Beneficiary Issuing Bank/ Buyer ’ s Bank Presenting Bank Docs Docs Goods (5) (10) (7) (6) Payment (9) Payment (8) Payment (11) 35 Settlement by Deferred Payment Docs released Buyer/Applicant Seller/ Beneficiary Issuing Bank/ Buyer ’ s Bank Presenting Bank Docs Docs Goods (5) (8) (7) (6) Payment (10) Payment (9) Payment (11) 36 Settlement by Acceptance Docs Buyer/Applicant Seller/ Beneficiary Issuing Bank/ Buyer ’ s Bank Presenting Bank Draft Docs Draft Docs Goods (5) (7) (6) Payment (11) Payment (8) Payment (9) Draft drawn on Acceptance notice (12) (10) 37 Settlement by Negotiation Docs Released Buyer/Applicant Seller/ Beneficiary Issuing Bank/ Buyer ’ s Bank Negotiating Bank Draft Docs Draft Docs Goods (5) (11) (8) (6) Payment / Acceptance (7) Payment / Acceptance (9) Payment (10) Draft drawn on 38 Types of Letter of Credit 1. Revocable vs. Irrevocable Credit ? Revocable credit 可撤銷的信用證 ? An L/C which can be amended or cancelled by the issuing bank without prior notice of the beneficiary. ? unfavorable to the exporter therefore not widely employed ? The cancellation can be made before the date the L/C expires. ? Otherwise, the opening bank shall reimburse the negotiation bank or payment bank if the payment is effected by them before receipt of the notice of cancellation. ? Irrevocable credit 不 可撤銷的信用證 ? An L/C which cannot be cancelled or amended without the agreement of the beneficiary (the exporter) and all other parties. ? Gives assurance of payment, but less flexible to change credit term ? According to UCP600, if the wording of revocable or irrevocable not found on the credit, this credit shall be deemed as irrevocable 39 Types of Letter of Credit 2. Confirmed vs. Unconfirmed Credit ? Confirmed credit 已保兌信用證 ? An L/C that a bank, other than the issuing bank, undertakes to honor
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