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ia 口服避孕藥的臨床用途 ? 避孕 ? 月經(jīng)異常、亂經(jīng) ? 痛經(jīng) ? 子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥 ? 卵巢功能性水瘤 ? 經(jīng)前癥候群 ? 多囊性卵巢 ? 多毛癥 ? 青春痘 ? 試管嬰兒治療 Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome(PCOS) 多囊性卵巢 Features of PCOS ? Clinical features Menstrual irregularities Hirsutism Alopecia Ae Anovulatory infertility Recurrent miscarrage ? Endocrine features Androgen↑ LH ↑ Estrogen ↑ Prolactin ↑ ? Metabolic features Obesity . Insulin resistance Lipid abnormalities Type II DM 多囊性卵巢 (PCOS) ? 此類女性患者常伴有月經(jīng)不規(guī)則、數(shù)月才來(lái)一次月經(jīng)、甚至?xí)簳r(shí)不來(lái)月經(jīng)的癥狀。 ? 此類患者如不想生育,可服用避孕藥來(lái)維持規(guī)則的人為月經(jīng)週期,不但患者可以心安,也可以避免經(jīng)常催經(jīng)的困擾。 宮能異常性子宮出血 (Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding) ? Bleeding from the uterine endometrium unrelated to anatomic lesions of the uterus. ? For example, disruption of normal ovarian function or anovulation, midcycle staining associated with ovulation, menstrual irregularity associated with corpus luteum defect. 經(jīng)血過(guò)多 ?Menses lasts longer than 7 days or a menstrual blood loss exceeding 60 to 80 ml. 月經(jīng)異常、亂經(jīng) ? 此類患者會(huì)有月經(jīng)太多、太長(zhǎng)、非常 不規(guī)則的癥狀,這種異常經(jīng)檢查後, 如果是無(wú)排卵性的亂經(jīng)或沒(méi)有女性生 殖器官的病灶,可以試著服用避孕藥 一段時(shí)間,以調(diào)整經(jīng)期 。 COCs: Menstrual Blood Loss and Anemia ? Decrease menstrual blood loss (20 ml versus 35 ml) ? Prevent iron deficiency anemia (50%) ? Improve existing iron deficiency anemia 痛經(jīng) (Dysmenorrhea) ?Menstrual pain begins with the onset of menstruation and lasts for a few hours. ?It ordinarily has a spasmodic, colik, laborlike nature but is sometimes described as an aching or heaviness in the lower abdomen. 痛經(jīng) (Dysmenorrhea) ?原發(fā)性經(jīng)痛 (Primary Dysmenorrhea) ?Menstrual pain observed in the absence of any identifiable pelvic lesion and due to factors intrinsic in the uterus ?次發(fā)性經(jīng)痛 (Secondary Dysmenorrhea) ?Menstrual pain observed in the presence of other pelvic disease 痛經(jīng) ? 有些女性月經(jīng)來(lái)潮時(shí)常感下腹疼痛劇烈,但找不出任何病灶,我們稱為原發(fā)性痛經(jīng)。這種明顯沒(méi)有病因的痛經(jīng),除了以止痛藥克服外,也可服用避孕藥,其效果對(duì)高達(dá) 90%的人來(lái)說(shuō),能有效緩解。 子宮內(nèi)膜異位 Endometriosis RIGHT TISSUE, WRONG PLACE 發(fā)病原因 月經(jīng)逆流說(shuō) ? 月經(jīng)來(lái)潮子宮收縮時(shí),除了把剝落的子宮內(nèi)膜經(jīng)由子宮頸排出體外,也把子宮內(nèi)膜經(jīng)由輸卵管推入腹腔。 ? 此理論也可解釋為何子宮內(nèi)膜異位會(huì)一而再再而三的發(fā)生 。 發(fā)病原因 免疫系統(tǒng)功能不全 ? 目前研究顯示子宮內(nèi)膜異位是免疫疾病的一種。 ? 子宮內(nèi)膜異位患者的 T淋巴球功能降低以至於無(wú)法清除這些亂跑的子宮內(nèi)膜、於是這些內(nèi) 膜組織,