【文章內(nèi)容簡介】
教教義和禮節(jié)的大部分殘余。因為他們并不想建立一個新的教會,而只是想要以他們認為合適的方式清理舊的教會,所以他們被稱作清教徒。 ? 【 核心詞解析 】 文中提及的 nouconformist指的是那些從英國教會分離出來的教會和教派。他們包括許多獨立的長老會組織、衛(wèi)理公會派、公理教會、浸信會、貴格會等等。所有這些教派在原則上與基督教保持一致,但是他們有著不同的組織方法。不同的宗教儀式,對基督教有著不同的詮釋,不同的側(cè)重點。 Baptist ? 【 原文 】 But America is a rich country. At last the black people began to demand a large share of this many parts of the country— but especially in the south— that demand was rudely refused. In every way they were looked on as secondclass citizens. In the southern states they couldn‘t eat in the same restaurants,wash in the same wash rooms,travel in the same seats On trains or buses. Even if they grew rich they couldn’t live like other Americans. ? Martin Luther King began his public struggle for black rights in 1956 when he was only twentysix. He had just returned to the deep south after finishing his education at northern universities. Like his father and grandfather he was a Baptist minister and possessed a deep Christian faith. His allblack church was in Montgomery,Alabama. 浸禮教 ? 【 譯文 】 但是,美國是一個富有的國家。終于,黑人開始要求分享一大部分的美國財富。然而在美國的許多地方尤其是在南方,這種要求被無禮地拒絕了。從各個方面.他們都被看作是二等公民。在南方各州,他們不能和白人在同一家餐館用餐,不能和白人使甩同一個衛(wèi)生間,在火車和公共汽車上,不能和白人乘坐同一座位。即使他們富有了,也不能象其他美國人一樣生活。 ? 1956年,當(dāng)馬丁 路德 金只有 26歲的時候,他就開始公開為爭取黑人的權(quán)利而斗爭。他剛剛在北方大學(xué)完成學(xué)業(yè)就深入到了美國南部。他和父親及祖父一樣是浸禮會的牧師,堅信基督教。他的教堂全部由黑人組成,位于阿拉巴馬州的蒙哥馬利。 ? 【 核心詞解析 】 文中的 Baptist(浸禮會 )是新教中的一個派別, 17世紀(jì)產(chǎn)生于英國,因為 “ 圣水洗禮 ” 儀式而得名。浸禮會要求其會員接受洗禮,使其洗盡罪孽,獲得新生。浸禮會反對英國國教和政府對各個地方教會的干涉,強調(diào)教會不是由任何人所創(chuàng)立,不服從任何人的權(quán)威。 馬丁 路德 金 1955年 12月 5日,星期一下午,蒙哥 馬 利市迪克斯特大街( Dexter Avenue)浸 禮教 堂的年 輕 牧 師小 馬 丁 路德 金接受委托 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)業(yè) 已 開 始的抵制 運動 , 并 于 當(dāng)晚在霍爾特街( Holt Street)浸 禮教 堂的群 眾 集 會 上 發(fā) 表演 說 。金準(zhǔn) 備 有生以 來 第一次政治性演 講 的 時間不足半小 時 。 Puritans ? 【 原文 】 Meanwhile in England,the Pilgrims’ expedition gave King James an idea for ridding the Country of the increasing power and discontent of all the Putitans. Since almost all of them were businessmen,James made them an attractive offer. He would charter a pany formed by them to found a colony in North America. The venture would not only make them argued,but would also allow them to worship in their Calvinist faith without upsetting the Anglican Church in England. The idea of profit,as well as the freedom offered by this course, Made the offer attractive to many Puritans. In 1629,they anized the Massachusetts Bay a charter and a grant of land from the Crown,and carefully made preparations for the establishment of a large colony. In 1630,2,000 Puritans set sail for the shores of Massachusetts Bay where they rapidly established a thriving munity. In the next twelve years almost 20,000 persons came to this settlement. Unlike Virginia,many of the early settlers in Massachusetts were prominent,educated persons including stockholders in the pany. 清教徒 ? 【 譯文 】 此時在英國,朝圣者的遠征使詹姆斯國王有了讓國家擺脫清教徒日漸增長的勢力和不滿情緒的主意。由于這些朝圣者幾乎都是商人,詹姆士提出了一個極具誘惑力的提議。他特許他們組成的公司在北美洲建立一個殖民地。他說,這一舉動不僅將會使他們發(fā)財,而且還將允許他們信奉卡爾文教而不擾亂英國國教。利潤的考慮和這種做法所提供的自主權(quán)使得這個提議對許多清教徒都具有吸引力。 1629年,他們組建了馬薩諸塞海灣公司,從王室獲得