【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ollowed a kind of pound interest law,[00:]which was greatly enhanced by the invention of printing.[01:]All this was paratively slow until, with the ing of science,[01:]the tempo was suddenly raised.[01:]Then knowledge began to be accumulated according to a systematic plan.[01:]The trickle became a stream。[01:]the stream has now bee a torrent.[01:]Moreover, as soon as new knowledge is acquired, it is now turned to practical account.[01:]What is called “modern civilization” is not the result of a balanced development of all man39。s nature,[01:]but of accumulated knowledge applied to practical life.[01:]The problem now facing humanity is:[01:]What is going to be done with all this knowledge?[01:]As is so often pointed out, knowledge is a twoedged weapon[01:]which can be used equally for good or evil.[01:]It is now being used indifferently for both.[01:]Could any spectacle, for instance, be more grimly weird[01:]than that of gunners using science to shatter men39。s bodies while, close at hand,[02:]surgeons use it to restore them?[02:]We have to ask ourselves very seriously what will happen if this twofold use of knowledge,[02:]with its everincreasing power, continues. [00:]Passage 8. Address by Engels[00:]On the 14th of March, at a quarter to three in the afternoon,[00:]the greatest living thinker ceased to think.[00:]He had been left alone for scarcely two minutes,[00:]and when we came back we found him in his armchair,[00:]peacefully gone to sleep—but forever.[00:]An immeasurable loss has been sustained both by the militant proletariat of Europe and America,[00:]and by historical science, in the death of this man.[00:]The gap that has been left by the departure of this mighty spirit[00:]will soon enough make itself felt.[00:]Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of organic nature,[00:]so Marx discovered the law of development of human history:[00:]the simple fact, hitherto concealed by an overgrowth of ideology,[01:]that mankind must first of all eat, drink, have shelter and clothing,[01:]before it can pursue politics, science, art, religion, etc.。[01:]that therefore the production of the immediate material means of subsistence[01:]and consequently the degree of economic development attained by a given people[01:]or during a given epoch form the foundation upon which the state institutions,[01:]the legal conceptions, art, and even the ideas on religion,[01:]of the people concerned have been evolved, and in the light of which they must, therefore,[01:]be explained, instead of vice versa, as had hitherto been the case.[01:]But that is not all.[01:]Marx also discovered the special law of motion governing the presentday capitalist mode of production[02:]and the bourgeois society that this mode of production has created.[02:]The discovery of surplus value suddenly threw light on the problem,[02:]in trying to solve which all previous investigations,[02:]of both bourgeois economists and socialist critics, had been groping in the dark.[02:]Two such discoveries would be enough for one lifetime.[02:]Happy the man to whom it is granted to make even one such discovery.[02:]But in every single field which Marx investigated—and he investigated very many fields,[02:]none of them superficially—in every field, even in that of mathematics,[02:]he made independent discoveries. [00:]Passage 9. Relationship that Lasts[00:]If somebody tells you,“ I’ll love you for ever,” will you believe it?[00:]I don’t think there’s any reason not to. [00:]We are ready to believe such mitment at the moment, [00:]whatever change may happen afterwards. [00:]As for the belief in an everlasting love, that’s another thing.[00:]Then you may be asked whether there is such a thing as an everlasting love. [00:]I’d answer I believe in it, but an everlasting love is not immutable.[00:]You may unswervingly love or be loved by a person. [00:]But love will change its position with the passage of time. [00:]It will not remain the same. [00:]In the course of your growth and as a result of your increased experience, [00:]love will bee something different to you.[00:]In the beginning you believed a fervent love for a person could last definitely. [01:]By and by, however, “fervent” gave way to “prosaic”. [01:]Precisely because of this change it became possible for love to last. [01:]Then what was meant by an everlasting love would eventually end up in a sort of interdependence.[01:]We used to insist on the difference between love and liking. [01:]The former seemed much more beautiful than the latter. [01:]One day, however, it turns out there’s really no need to make such difference. [01:]Liking is actually a sort of love. [01:]By the same token, the everlasting interdependence is actually an everlasting love.[01:]I wish I could believe there was somebody who would love me for ever. [01:]That’s, as we all know, too romantic to be true. Instead, it will more often than not be a case of lasting relationship. [00:]Passage 10. Rush[00:]Swallows may have gone, but there is a time of return。 [00:]willow trees may have died back, but there is a time of regreening。 [00:]peach blossoms may have fallen, but they will bloom again. [00:]Now, you the wise, tell me, why should our days leave us, never to return? [00:]If they had been stolen by someone, who could it be? [00:]Where could he hide them? [00:]If they had made the escape themselves, then where could they stay at the moment?[00:]I don’t know how many days I have been given to spend, [00:]but I do feel my hands are getting empty. [00:]Taking stock silently, I find that more than eight thousand days have already slid away from me. [00:]Like a dr