【文章內容簡介】 ch affected by the remarkable displays of trinkets, dress goods, stationary and jewelry. Each separate counter was a show place of dazzling interest and attraction. She could not help feeling the claim of each trinket and valuable upon her personally. There was nothing there which she could not have to usednothing which she did not long to own. The dainty slippers and stockings, the delicately frilled skirts and petticoats, the laces, ribbons, hairbs, purses, all touch her with individual desire.”【4】 “She realized in a dim way how much the city heldwealth, fashion, easeevery adornment for woman, and she longed for dress and beauty with a whole heart”【5】 But the fact is that the cold reality takes her by the hand. First, her sister and brotherinlaw live a lean life and consumed by housework. The money left by Carrie every week is not enough for her car fares, let alone clothes, laces, ribbons, etc. And none of those things is in the range of her purchase. Second, in the shoe factory, the machines work intensively. Carrie is not strong. Her shoulders and necks ache in bending over and she is totally exhausted every day. “As Carrie listened to this and much more of similar familiar badinage among the men and the girls, she instinctively withdraws into herself. She feared that the young boys about would address such remarks to her.”【6】 “and the whole atmosphere was sordid” 【7】Carrie doesn’t like to bear the hard work, the foul working condition and the human environment. She hopes to break away from the factory to enjoy physical fort and from such uncouth men to keep her calm. Third, as the rigorous winter is around the corner, Carrie worries about the problem of winter clothes, for she has nothing to wear. At last, as a result of illness she loses the job and to return hometown seems to be the only choice. According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, if the physiological needs are relatively well gratified, there then emerge the safety needs. The problem is that whether she can satisfy it or not, it depends on the reality which supplies enough conditions or not, besides her own effort. Carrier understands that it is impossible to buy dress and entertain herself by her personal diligence. Drouet is, for Carrie, an escape. She does not love him, but he means a source of amazement, and she recognizes that the relative opulence of his chambers and department he procures for Carrie is the signs of that for which she is striving. Eventually she betrays herself to bee Drouet’s mistress to realize her safety need. Carrie and Drouet pay a visit all round the city and go shopping, take part in various activities, have delicious foods, purchase beautiful clothes. Though Carrie has ever hesitated, “Money! Money! What a thing it was to have! How plenty of it would clear away all the troubles. ” 【8】she surrendered to the magic of money. At the second stage of material pursuit, Carrie has a much stronger desire. She falls in love with it without reason.3. Carrie’s spiritual sublimation by degrees The love and belonging needs awaking stepAs the plot goes, the author depicts a panorama of rising needs and desire. On one hand, Carrie is not just satisfied with living together with Drouet. “That young lady, under the stress of her situation and the tutelage of her new friend, changed effectively. She the glow of a more showy life was not upon her. She did not grow in knowledge so much as she awakened in the matter of desire. Mrs. Hale’s extended harangues upon the subjects of wealth and position taught her to distinguish between degrees of wealth.”【9】 When she es to her own room, Carrie sees their parative poverty. She is not paring it with what she has had, but what she has seen recently. She begins to ponder what, after all, Drouet is and what she is. On the other hand, Carrie fears of losing Drouet’s affection, of being abandoned, and also she longs for someone to sympathize herself, but not let herself ponder and wonder. It makes clear to Carrie that Drouet could not understand her. He just cares about her beauty. When Carrie is sorrow, he only asks her to dance. Carrie feels lonely and forsaken. What’s more, Carrie believes Drouet does not plan to marry her. He prefers the single free state to any legal bondage. These two sides wake to Carrie’s deep desire. She hopes to live an extravagant life but not from hand to mouth. She is eager to be understood and loved. Drouet is only an intermediary in her movement from poverty to affluence. Carrie is ready and longs to change. More wealth and higher status are Carrie’s new goal. At this time, Hurstwood bees another male stepladder to gratify her needs both in material and spirit. Hurstwood can give her a life of honor. Carrie recognizes the quality of Hurstwood’s clothes, his style and his bearing as distinct improvements on Drouet. Hurstwood shows his thoughts and feelings concerning Carrie. “In contrast, Hurstwood appeared strong and sincere. He had no easy manner of putting her off. He sympathized with her and showed her what her true value was. He needed her, while Drouet did not care.”【10】Though Carrie has achieved her material goal, all in all, she has a higher need love. Carrie begins to care about her inner thoughts, which takes the first step of exploring her spirit. Carrie’s spirit pursuit is based on material pursuit. The esteem needs