【文章內容簡介】 ment the bglucosidase activity with an enzyme loading of international unit (IU)/g hydrolysis was performed at 50 8C on a rotary shaker at 150 rpm for 72 h and at 2% (w/v) substrate concentration.。 酶水解預處理后的水不溶性纖維是enzymically水解來確定maximumobtainable糖產量。 纖維素酶的復雜的用于測試(Celluclast L)是一個禮物fromNOVO諾(丹麥)。纖維素酶酶loadingwas 15濾紙單元(FPU)/ g襯底。Fungalbglucosidase(Novozyme 188,Novo Ltd。)(IU)/ g襯底。 進行酶水解在50 8 c在旋轉瓶在150轉72 h和在2%(w / v)襯底濃度。. Analytical methodsThe raw material position was analysed following the corresponding ASTM[12
14]. Total carbohydrates were determined according to the Puls method[15].Glucose concentration was measured by HPLC using a Hewlett
Packard 1050 equipped with a refractive index detector. HPLC analyses were carried out using an AMINEX HPX87P carbohydrate analysis columnoperating at 85 8C with deionized water mobilephase at a flow rate of ml/min.。 分析方法原料成分分析以下相應的ASTM[1214]?？偺妓衔锉淮_定根據(jù)脈沖法[15]。葡萄糖濃度測定采用高效液相色譜法測定使用HewlettPackard 1050配備了示差折光檢測器。高效液相色譜法進行了分析使用一個AMINEX hpx 87 p碳水化合物分析columnoperating 85 8 。3. Results and discussionTable 1shows the position of raw material. In order to improve the accuracy of the assay a sequential extraction with solvents (ethanol/toluene) and hot water was performed. About 21% ofB. carinata dry matter consists of organic solvent and water extractives, which is similar to values for other herbaceous agricultural residues including fescue and switchgrass [16]. Thehemicellulose fraction prises % of raw material,xylose being the main sugar (82%). Cellulose and lignin content ( and %, respectively) are in the range reported for lignocellulosic biomass of food crops like sunflower stalks or wheat straw[17].3。結果與討論表1顯示了原材料的組成。為了提高精度的分析順序提取與溶劑(乙醇/甲苯)和熱水了。b大約21%。carinata干物質由有機溶劑和水來自采掘,類似于其他草本農業(yè)殘留值包括羊茅和柳枝稷[16]。這個%的原料,木糖被主要的糖(82%)。纖維素和木質素含量(%,分別)在范圍報告的木質生物質農作物像向日葵秸稈或麥秸[17]。表1The raw material milled to different particle sizes (2
5, 5
8and8
12 mm) was subjected to different steam a explosion pretreatments (190 and 210 8C temperature, and 4 and 8 min residence time).Table 2 shows the position of waterinsoluble fibre of B. carinata biomass from pretreatment conditions assayed. As expected, steam explosion pretreatment preferentially attacked the hemicellulose ponents. More severe pretreatment conditions produced higher solubilisationof hemicellulosic fractions and, under the chosen conditions (4 and 8 min, and 190 and 210 8C), all original hemicellulose was recovered as monomeric sugars while no oligomers were found in the watersoluble fraction. This observation differs from literature results working with hardwood and softwood [18,19], and so post cellulose hydrolysis is not needed to increase fermentable sugar yield from solubilised hemicelluloses after steam explosion pretreatment ofB. carinatastraw. It is interesting to note that, during steam explosion pretreatment, the proportion of sugars solubilised was dependent on the type of hemicellulosic sugars. As can be seen, arabinan was pletely solubilised in all conditions assayed. The increase in the temperature of pretreatment to 210 8C resulted in increased dissolution of galactans and xylans. In relation to cellulose content, solubilisation increased as pretreatment conditions were more drastic. The cellulose content in the pretreated biomassvaried between 39 and 62%, depending on the pretreatment severity. The cellulose content in the water insoluble fibre was higher at larger particle size for all conditions tested. 原料磨到不同粒徑(25日and812 58 mm)受到不同的蒸汽爆炸的預處理(190和210 8 c溫度、和4和8分鐘停留時間)。表2顯示了水不溶性纖維的組成carinata生物質預處理條件下b從化驗。正如預期的那樣,蒸汽爆破預處理優(yōu)先攻擊了半纖維素成分。更嚴重的預處理條件產生更高的溶液化hemicellulosic的分數(shù),根據(jù)選擇的條件(4和8分鐘,190年和210年的8 c),所有原始半纖維素被恢復為單體的糖而不寡聚物被發(fā)現(xiàn)在水溶性部分。這一觀察結果與文獻使用硬木和軟木(119),因此纖維素水解后是不需要增加可發(fā)酵糖產量從蒸汽爆炸后水溶性纖維素預處理b。carinatastraw。 有趣的是,我們注意到,在蒸汽爆破預處理、水溶性糖的比例是依賴于類型的hemicellulosic糖?？梢钥吹?arabinan完全水溶性在各種條件下的化驗。溫度的增加預處理到210 8 c導致增加galactans和xylans解散。 與纖維素含量、溶液化增加