【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ecessary. The consequence is that your talk sounds choppy and sometimes even cannot be understood. Such a phenomenon will hurt your confidence, and your next sentence may e out even worse.(2) Other more experienced people may pose the sentence in English directly. However, since the thought and deliverable are built upon Chinese, it is difficult to pose the English sentence directly, and often the result is incorrect English and with unintentional content.Another parallel problem is in the instruction set for the vocal system. For Chinese people, their vocal cord, tongue and mouth are trained for Chinese language. Therefore, when it es the time to utter a sound in English, a different and unfamiliar instruction set is received by the vocal system. The vocal system has to force itself to utter the English sound. Obviously the result will be poor.　訓(xùn)練大腦用英語思考為了讓英語說得更流利，就需要訓(xùn)練大腦用英語思考。而想要讓訓(xùn)練有所成效，就必須進(jìn)行大量的實踐，直至思考、說話和發(fā)聲系統(tǒng)都對這種方式習(xí)以為常。本節(jié)會介紹幾種有效的方法和練習(xí)方式，幫你適應(yīng)用英語來思考。　訓(xùn)練模塊1：簡單的算術(shù)題讓我們先從大家都非常熟悉的內(nèi)容開始（即簡單的算術(shù)題）。簡單的算術(shù)題包含十進(jìn)制的數(shù)字、算術(shù)運算符和等于號（=）。十進(jìn)制的數(shù)字有1, 2, 3, …, 10, 100, 1000，等等，一般都用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表示。算術(shù)運算符指加減乘除，一般以+、 和 / 表示。例如：3+4= 747 = 2893/3 = 31上面這幾個算式看起來微不足道，我們差不多每天都會遇到類似的算術(shù)題。那好，現(xiàn)在讓我們用英語把這幾道算術(shù)題說出來。例如，47=28，我們說“four times seven equals to twentyeight”。這樣的練習(xí)不費吹灰之力吧?，F(xiàn)在，再試著多口算幾道簡單的算術(shù)題（請先不要把算式寫在紙上，而且假設(shè)你事先不知道得數(shù)）。問：21 乘以7 等于多少？請用英語回答。答：Twenty one times seven equals to one hundred and ，你是怎么知道得數(shù)的？求解過程可能會因人而異。有人也許會在自己腦海中想象出一幅帶算式的畫面，然后再經(jīng)過計算得出答案，例如：在做上面這道算術(shù)題時，中國人大概首先會以中文來計算出得數(shù)，然后經(jīng)過翻譯再用英語說出來。不管你習(xí)慣于用哪種計算方法，都請你先自己算出這道題，然后感受一下當(dāng)要用英語說出得數(shù)時你是否感覺有點兒困難。此時，你可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管自己是在做這么簡單的算術(shù)題，但仍然是在用漢語思考。下面再多看幾個例子。之后，你就會認(rèn)識到把漢語翻譯成英語所導(dǎo)致的根本問題。問：125/5 等于多少？2312 等于多少？17+73 等于多少？在做這幾個練習(xí)時，你必須強迫自己在計算過程中只用英語來思考。當(dāng)然，無論你通過什么方式算出結(jié)果，請你都以英語說出每個計算步驟。我們建議你在一段時間內(nèi)反復(fù)地做以上的練習(xí)，直到能夠熟練地運用英語思考來完成所有練習(xí)為止。祝你成功！現(xiàn)在，你的大腦經(jīng)過訓(xùn)練已經(jīng)能夠適應(yīng)基本的英語思考了。 Train Your Brain to Think in EnglishTo allow you to speak English more fluently, you need to retrain your brain to think in terms of English. For any training to be fruitful, you need to do a lot of practicing until you get your system into a habitual pattern. In this section we will provide you useful methods and exercises to help you to retrain your thinking process in English. Training Module 1: The Simple ArithmeticLet us start with something which we are all familiar with, that is, the simple arithmetic.The simple arithmetic consists of the decimal number system, the arithmetic operators and the equal sign (=).The decimal numbers are one, two, three, to ten, hundred, thousand, and so on. The numbers are denoted by Arabic symbols (1, 2, 3 …, 10, 100, 1000 …). The arithmetic operators are add, subtract, multiple and divide, denoted by the symbols +, , and /. For example,3+4 = 7，47 = 28，93/3 = 31.The above looks trivial, and is something we are doing easily almost every day.Now, let us speak out these arithmetic operations in English. For example, for 47=28, we say,“ four times seven equals to twentyeight”. This exercise seems easy so far.Now, try some more simple arithmetic operations, without writing anything down in arithmetic format, and assuming you do not know the answer beforehand. For example:Question: What is the result of twenty one times seven? Please speak out your answer in English.Answer: Twenty one times seven equals to one hundred and fortyseven. How do you get the answer, assuming you do not have a paper and pencil with you? Different persons may use different approaches. Some people formulate an arithmetic picture in their mind and then work out the answer, such as:In doing the above arithmetic, Chinese people probably will work out the answer in Chinese first and then translate and read out the result into English. Whatever methods you are accustomed to, try to work out the above arithmetic yourself and see how easy or difficult it is when you get to the step for speaking out the answer in English. You probably may notice that you are using Chinese all along while you are working through the arithmetic algorithm.Let us do some more examples. You will then appreciate more about the underlying problem caused by the translation from Chinese to English.Questions:What is the result of one hundred and twentyfive divided by five?What is the result of twentythree times twelve?What is the result of 17 + 7 3?In doing the above exercises, you are required to force yourself to use only English along your algorithmic process. Whatever arithmetic approaches you choose, speak out every step in English.You are encouraged to repeat the above training many times for some periods until you feel fortable enough in using English in the exercises. Good luck!Your brain is now trained one step closer to thinking in English.　訓(xùn)練模塊2：用英語記憶和描述一幅畫面對中國人來說，當(dāng)把看見的某件物體的信息保存到大腦中時，我們會將它存儲為一幅畫面，并以漢語詞匯來描述這幅圖像。以往學(xué)習(xí)英語的傳統(tǒng)方法，就是把每個漢語詞匯與英語詞匯掛鉤。因此，在談及某件物體時，首先會取得描述該物體的漢語詞匯，然后在開口之前再把它們轉(zhuǎn)換成英語詞匯。這個多余的轉(zhuǎn)換過程，很大程度上削弱了我們的口語表達(dá)能力。為了解決這個問題，就應(yīng)該在記憶相關(guān)信息時直接使用相應(yīng)的英語詞匯。下面我們給出幾個練習(xí)，要完成這幾個練習(xí)應(yīng)該遵循以下步驟。第一步　參看下面的每個畫面，開口以英語詞匯描述你看到了什么。第二步　閉上眼睛，在記憶中重現(xiàn)剛剛看到的畫面，然后在心里用英語詞匯來描述一遍該畫面。不要試圖記住你在第一步中用于描述該畫面的英語詞匯，而要把畫面直接保存在你的腦海中，然后在不牽扯漢語詞匯的前提下，用英語描述該畫面。第三步　重復(fù)第二步，但這次要開口用英語詞匯來描述。下面就請大家按照上述步驟練習(xí)圖13 給出的每一幅畫面。圖13　用英語詞匯描述這些畫面在描述每幅畫面時，盡量說出畫面中更多的細(xì)節(jié)。換句話說，以第一幅畫面為例，不要只說“I see a telephone”，而是要再多說幾句，如“how many red buttons”、“how many white buttons”、“there isa spiral cord”，等等。除此之外，你還可以拿自己看到的其他畫面或者真實的生活場景來做這類練習(xí)。要從相對簡單的畫面或場景著手，但不要強迫自己一點不差地描述整幅畫面。這個訓(xùn)練的關(guān)鍵在于讓你自己習(xí)慣于用英語信息來記憶事物，而在描述事物時同樣也直接使用英語，從而省略中英文的轉(zhuǎn)換過程。 Training Module 2: Store and Describe a Picture in EnglishFor Chinese people, we store the information of an object in our brain as an image which is internally described in Chinese words. The conventional method for learning the English language is by relating a Chinese word into an English word. Therefore, when we need to talk about an object, we retrieve the information about the object in Chinese words which are needed to be translated into English words before we can speak them