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le(少許;有點),sort of(有幾分;有那么點兒),by far(…得多),all but(幾乎),far away(遙遠(yuǎn)), sure enough(果然), later on(后來), again and again(反復(fù)地), (every)now and again(有時,時而), over and over again(一再), by and by(不久以后), now and then(不時地), here and there(到處), sooner or later(遲早), more or less(或多或少), side by side(肩并肩地), hand in hand(手拉手;共同地), day after day(日復(fù)一日地), face to face(面對面), before long(不久), for ever(永遠(yuǎn)), in general(一般來說;大體上), above all(首先), after all(畢竟,終究), in short(簡言之;總之), in fact(事實上), at times(有時;不時), as usual(照常,像平常一樣), on the other hand(另一方面)等。7.“時間名詞+ ly”構(gòu)成的詞既作副詞也作形容詞。 hourly(每小時地;每小時的),weekly(每周;每周的),monthly(每月;每月的),yearly(每年;每年的)等。(三)同根副詞的區(qū)別 有些副詞有兩種形式,一種與形容詞同形,另一種是形容詞加后綴ly構(gòu)成,這兩種副詞有時意義相近,但有時含義完全不同,使用時應(yīng)該注意。1.close和closely close的意思是“靠近”;closely的意思則是“仔細(xì)地;密切地”。 They live close to the museum. 他們住在靠近博物館的地方。 We are closely watching the developments. 我們正密切注視情況的發(fā)展。2. dead和deadly dead作副詞時表“完全地;絕對地”;deadly一般作形容詞用,意為“致命的”,作副詞表“死一般地;極度地”。 The man lay on the ground, dead drunk. 那個人躺在地上,喝得爛醉。 His face was deadly 。 I need it !3. deep和deeply deep的意思是“深”,表示空間深度,而deadly時常表示感情,意為“深深地”。 He went on studying deep into the night. 他繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)直到深夜。 This touched her heart 。4. direct和directlydirect作副詞用往往用于表示時間、路程和方式等概念中,表示“直接地;直達(dá)地”;directly多用于借喻,表示“坦率地;截然”,有時還可用來表示“立即,馬上”的意思。 The plane goes direct from London to Houston without stopping. 飛機(jī)由倫敦直達(dá)休斯敦,中途不停。 His view is directly opposed to mine. 他的觀點與我的截然相反。5. easy和easily easy的意思是“不費力地,從容地”,而easily意為“容易地,輕易地”。 Take it easy. 別著急。 The guy was easily taken 。6. fair和fairly fair的意為“公正地;光明正大地;恰好”,而fairly表“不帶偏見地”, 還可用作程度狀語,表“相當(dāng)?shù)亍薄? The ball hit him fair in the head. 球不偏不倚正中他的頭。 He lives in a fairly big house. 他住在一所相當(dāng)大的房子里。7. firm和firmly 二者意思基本相同,都表示“堅定地,牢固地”的意思。根據(jù)用法習(xí)慣,firm常與hold和stand等搭配,其他情況多用firmly。 She holds firm to her principles. 她堅持自己的原則。 The concept of “customers first” should be firmly rooted in the mind of every shop assistant. “顧客第一”的概念應(yīng)牢牢地樹立在每個營業(yè)員的心中。8.free和freely free是“免費”;freely是“自由地,隨意地”。 You can eat free in my restaurant. 你可以在我的餐館免費用餐。 You may speak 。 hard是“努力地”,而hardly是“幾乎不”。 I have been working hard all morning. 我辛辛苦苦地干了一上午活。 We can hardly believe 。 high的意思是“高”,表示空間高度;highly的意思是“高度地;非常地”,表示程度。 The bird is flying high up in the sky. 鳥在空中高高地飛。 We spoke highly of 。11. late和lately late的意思是“晚”,lately意思是“最近”。 Many people sleep late on Sunday morning. 許多人在星期天早晨睡懶覺。 What have you been doing lately? 最近你在干什么? near的意思是“在附近”,而nearly的意思是 “幾乎”。 My aunt lives quite 。The boy nearly fell into the 。13. most 和mostly most是“最,非?!保鴐ostly是“主要地”。 What interested her most was the longitude line. 最讓她感興趣的是經(jīng)度線。 The audience consisted mostly of 。sure作副詞常表示“果然;果真”,常用在某些短語中,也可用在簡略回答中,表示“當(dāng)然”;surely常表示“無疑;必定”。 I said it would rain and sure enough it did. 我說會下雨,果然如此。 Surely you don39。t believe that!你肯定不會相信那種事吧!15. wide和widely wide表示空間寬度,意為“充分地;大大地”, widely表示范圍,意為“廣泛地”。 She opened the door wide. 她把門完全打開。 English is widely used. 英語廣泛地被應(yīng)用。(四)副詞的語法功能 副詞在句中可作狀語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語和后置定語。①作狀語,修飾形容詞、動詞、介詞短語和副詞,也可修飾整個句子。 I can run very 。 The secret is out.秘密泄露出去了。②作表語,在系動詞后。 Class is 。 Time is 。③作定語,放在被修飾詞之后。 Do you know the girl upstairs? 你認(rèn)識樓上的女孩嗎? Soon you will be acquainted with the people around. 不久你就會熟悉這附近的人。Are you content with the life here? 你對這兒的生活滿意嗎? Have you thought of the way out? 你有沒有考慮這一出路?④作補(bǔ)語 We were shown around by the young man. Let him in/out. I’ll see you off at the station.⑤作介詞賓語 It39。s a long way from here to your school. He has lived here since then.(五)各類副詞的用法1.時間副詞 1)時間副詞可位于句首、句中或句末。2)有些時間副詞是表達(dá)頻繁程度的,也稱頻度副詞。頻度副詞一般放在行為動詞前,be動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞后(有幾個助動詞時,在第一個助動詞后)。有的頻度副詞可位于句首(sometimes, quite often…),有的可位于句末(sometimes…)。對頻度副詞提問要用How often…。1)地點副詞常置于句末,有時于句首,但一般不于句中。2)時間副詞和地點副詞都可放在句末,若兩種副詞同時出現(xiàn),則地點在前時間在后。3)表位置關(guān)系的地點副詞大都可作介詞,判斷的方法是:有賓語時就是介詞,沒有賓語時就是副詞。:英語中方式副詞很多,如: 表示行為、狀況的:badly, bravely, beautifully, carefully, closely, pletely, differently, effectively, firmly, formally, freely, gently,heavily, honestly, hurriedly, kindly, loudly, nicely, perfectly, politely, properly, quickly, quietly, rapidly, rudely, secretly, slowly, strangely, surprisingly, thoroughly, tightly, undoubtedly, urgently, violently, wonderfully, fast, hard, well等; 表示情感、意愿的:anxiously, bitterly, calmly, coldly, excitedly, gladly, gratefully, happily, merrily, nervously, proudly, sadly, unfortably, voluntarily, warmly等; 表示動作發(fā)生情況,手段的:accidentally, automatically, directly, illegally, logically, privately, specially等。1)方式副詞修飾不及物動詞時,通常在動詞后。修飾及物動詞時,在動詞前或賓語后。賓語較長時也可在動詞和賓語之間。2)遇到“動詞+介詞+賓語”結(jié)構(gòu)時,方式副詞可置于動詞與介詞之間,也可于賓語之后;若賓語較長,方式副詞常在動詞與介詞之間。 If we rely firmly on the masses, we shall overe all difficulties and reach our goal step