【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 A car called Bluebird “藍(lán)鳥(niǎo)”汽車(chē)The great racing driver, Sir Malcolm Campbell, was the first man to drive at over 300 miles per hour. He set up a new world record in September 1935 at Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah. Bluebird, the car he was driving, had been specially built for him. It was over 30 feet in length and had a 2500 horsepower engine. Although Campbell reached a speed of over 304 miles per hour, he had great difficulty in controlling the car because a tyre burst during the first run. After his attempt, Campbell was disappointed to learn that his average speed had been 299 miles per hour. However, a few days later, he was1 總 論XXX鐵礦是XX鋼鐵集團(tuán)礦業(yè)有限責(zé)任公司的鐵礦原料供應(yīng)基地之一，已有三十多年的生產(chǎn)歷史。由采礦（XX山礦、XX寺礦）、選礦（選礦廠）、硫酸（硫酸廠）等生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)組成，同時(shí)建有機(jī)修、運(yùn)輸?shù)容o助生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)及生活福利設(shè)施。XX山礦區(qū)礦底270m水平以下礦床貯量豐富，經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值較高，X鋼礦業(yè)公司決定對(duì)地下開(kāi)采進(jìn)行技術(shù)改建，使原礦產(chǎn)量達(dá)到250萬(wàn)噸/年以上，同時(shí)對(duì)選礦廠進(jìn)行擴(kuò)建，作技術(shù)升級(jí)改造，將選礦生產(chǎn)能力提高，以適應(yīng)增產(chǎn)的采礦量；同時(shí)提高選礦率，減少污染物的排放量。硫酸廠由于生產(chǎn)規(guī)模小（年產(chǎn)4萬(wàn)噸硫酸）、能量消耗大、效率低等因素，生產(chǎn)規(guī)模不滿(mǎn)足國(guó)家產(chǎn)業(yè)政策要求。XXX鐵礦決定對(duì)現(xiàn)有硫酸廠進(jìn)行技術(shù)改造，%%，并形成年產(chǎn)硫酸6萬(wàn)噸的生產(chǎn)規(guī)模，以滿(mǎn)足國(guó)家產(chǎn)業(yè)政策對(duì)生產(chǎn)規(guī)模的要求。因此，X鋼礦業(yè)有限責(zé)任公司XXX鐵礦技改擴(kuò)建工程，是企業(yè)生存和發(fā)展的需要，是國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的需要。它的建設(shè)滿(mǎn)足國(guó)家產(chǎn)業(yè)政策的要求?！禭鋼礦業(yè)有限責(zé)任公司XXX鐵礦地下開(kāi)采擴(kuò)建工程可行性研究報(bào)告》由中國(guó)有色工程設(shè)計(jì)研究總院于2002年9月編制設(shè)計(jì)完成?！禭鋼礦業(yè)有限責(zé)任公司XXX鐵礦選礦改造工程方案設(shè)計(jì)》由XXXXX冶金設(shè)計(jì)研究總院于2003年7月份編制完成?！禭鋼礦業(yè)有限責(zé)任公司硫酸廠“四改六”擴(kuò)改工程方案設(shè)計(jì)》由XXX化工設(shè)計(jì)院2002年12月編制設(shè)計(jì)完成。根據(jù)國(guó)家對(duì)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目環(huán)境保護(hù)管理要求，建設(shè)單位于2003年4月30日委托XX市環(huán)境保護(hù)研究所承擔(dān)該項(xiàng)目的環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)。XX市環(huán)境保護(hù)研究所承接委托后，對(duì)擬建工程廠址及附近區(qū)域進(jìn)行了實(shí)地考察和資料收集，查看了現(xiàn)有的生產(chǎn)工藝。在初步工程分析基礎(chǔ)上，XX市環(huán)保所根據(jù)《環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)導(dǎo)則》及采礦、化工行業(yè)環(huán)評(píng)要求，編制完成了該項(xiàng)目的《環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)大綱》?！董h(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)大綱》經(jīng)XX省環(huán)保局審批，評(píng)價(jià)單位將按照大綱評(píng)審意見(jiàn)，完成項(xiàng)目的環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)工作。最終形成《X鋼礦業(yè)有限責(zé)任公司XXX鐵礦技改擴(kuò)建工程環(huán)境影響報(bào)告書(shū)》。建設(shè)項(xiàng)目環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)是我國(guó)環(huán)境保護(hù)工作制度，旨在促進(jìn)評(píng)價(jià)地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)與環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，促進(jìn)生態(tài)環(huán)境的良性循環(huán)。XXX鐵礦技改擴(kuò)建項(xiàng)目環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)將做好以下工作：①通過(guò)實(shí)地考察、環(huán)境質(zhì)量現(xiàn)狀監(jiān)測(cè)、污染源調(diào)查以及環(huán)境影響預(yù)測(cè)等系統(tǒng)工作，全面分析該項(xiàng)目在建設(shè)期和建成投產(chǎn)后的環(huán)境影響特點(diǎn)及影響范圍、程度；②根據(jù)國(guó)家對(duì)“污染物達(dá)標(biāo)排放”、“污染物排放總量控制”、“清潔生產(chǎn)”等有關(guān)要求，對(duì)該項(xiàng)目及原生產(chǎn)工藝的生產(chǎn)管理和污染防治措施提出建議；③對(duì)擬建項(xiàng)目及原生產(chǎn)工藝的環(huán)境管理及環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)計(jì)劃提出管理要求；④對(duì)該項(xiàng)目的技改擴(kuò)建工程初步設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行環(huán)境保護(hù)評(píng)述；⑤為建設(shè)單位有效治理污染和環(huán)境保護(hù)管理部門(mén)決策提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。X鋼礦業(yè)有限責(zé)任公司委托XX市環(huán)境保護(hù)研究所編制項(xiàng)目環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)的《委托書(shū)》 2003年4月30日（附件三） ⑴中國(guó)有色工程設(shè)計(jì)研究總院《X鋼礦業(yè)有限責(zé)任公司XXX鐵礦地下開(kāi)采擴(kuò)建工程可行性研究報(bào)告》2002年9月⑵XXX化工設(shè)計(jì)院《X鋼礦業(yè)有限責(zé)任公司硫酸廠“四改六”擴(kuò)改工程方案設(shè)計(jì)》2002年12月⑶XXXXX冶金設(shè)計(jì)研究總院《X鋼礦業(yè)有限責(zé)任公司XXX鐵礦選礦改造工程方案設(shè)計(jì)》2003年7月。⑷XX市環(huán)境保護(hù)局《關(guān)于XX市環(huán)保所關(guān)于申請(qǐng)確認(rèn)X鋼礦業(yè)有限責(zé)任公司XXX鐵礦技改擴(kuò)建工程環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的報(bào)告的回復(fù)》 2003年6月（附件四）、法規(guī) ⑴中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院253號(hào)令《建設(shè)項(xiàng)目環(huán)境保護(hù)管理?xiàng)l例》⑵中華人民共和國(guó)大氣污染防治法⑶中華人民共和國(guó)水污染防治法⑷中華人民共和國(guó)環(huán)境噪聲污染防治法⑸中華人民共和國(guó)固體廢物污染環(huán)境防治法⑹中華人民共和國(guó)清潔生產(chǎn)促進(jìn)法⑺國(guó)家經(jīng)貿(mào)委14號(hào)令《工商投資領(lǐng)域制止重復(fù)建設(shè)（第一批）目錄》1999年⑻國(guó)家計(jì)委、國(guó)家經(jīng)貿(mào)委《當(dāng)前國(guó)家重點(diǎn)鼓勵(lì)發(fā)展的產(chǎn)業(yè)、產(chǎn)品和技術(shù)目錄》2000年⑼國(guó)家計(jì)委、國(guó)家環(huán)境保護(hù)總局《關(guān)于規(guī)范環(huán)境影響咨詢(xún)收費(fèi)有關(guān)問(wèn)題的通知》（計(jì)價(jià)格{2002}125）號(hào)。⑴HJ/～《環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)技術(shù)導(dǎo)則總綱、大氣環(huán)境、地面水環(huán)境》⑵HJ/～1995《環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)技術(shù)導(dǎo)則聲環(huán)境》⑶HJ/T191997《環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)技術(shù)導(dǎo)則非污染生態(tài)影響》評(píng)價(jià)采用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)見(jiàn)表11。表11 采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一覽表標(biāo)準(zhǔn)類(lèi)別標(biāo)準(zhǔn)號(hào)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)名稱(chēng)評(píng)價(jià)對(duì)象級(jí)（類(lèi)）別質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB30951996環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及修改章環(huán)境空氣二級(jí)GB38382002地表水環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)XX渠Ⅳ類(lèi)GB/T1484893地下水質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)礦區(qū)地下水Ⅲ類(lèi)GB309693城市區(qū)域環(huán)境噪聲標(biāo)準(zhǔn)廠區(qū)周?chē)?類(lèi)排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB132712002鍋爐大氣污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鍋爐二級(jí)Ⅱ時(shí)段GB162971996大氣污染物綜合排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)硫酸尾氣GB89781996污水綜合排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)生產(chǎn)廢水二級(jí)GB1345692鋼鐵工業(yè)水污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)選礦（磁選）廢水二級(jí)GB1234890工業(yè)企業(yè)廠界噪聲標(biāo)準(zhǔn)廠界2類(lèi)基礎(chǔ)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GBZ1—2002BG1166389工業(yè)企業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)硫酸廠衛(wèi)生防護(hù)距離標(biāo)準(zhǔn)廠內(nèi)廠周?chē)乇硭h(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)范圍是：XX山尾礦庫(kù)廢水排放口至XX渠匯入XX湖入口處?？諝猸h(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)范圍是：以技改工程硫酸廠為中心，大約20km2的范圍（E向5km，W向2km，S、N向3km）。聲及振動(dòng)環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)范圍：廠界外1m所包括的范圍和地下爆破時(shí)振動(dòng)的影響。生態(tài)環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)范圍是：原太婆山露天采礦場(chǎng)、小露天采礦場(chǎng)（即現(xiàn)地下采礦廢石場(chǎng)）、地下開(kāi)采錯(cuò)動(dòng)區(qū)以及XX山尾礦庫(kù)。擬建工程控制污染與環(huán)境保護(hù)目標(biāo)為：⑴XX渠保持GB38382002《地表水環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》Ⅳ類(lèi)。⑵評(píng)價(jià)區(qū)域內(nèi)的環(huán)境空氣保持GB30951996《環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》二級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；⑶廠區(qū)周?chē)穆暛h(huán)境為GB309693《城市區(qū)域環(huán)境噪聲標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》2類(lèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。具體保護(hù)目標(biāo)列于表12。表12 保護(hù)目標(biāo)一覽表項(xiàng) 目保護(hù)目標(biāo)方 位距 離（m）規(guī) 模（人）性 質(zhì)執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)空 氣XXX鎮(zhèn)WNW8001000混合區(qū)GB30951996二級(jí)ENE200020000居住區(qū)聲環(huán)境XXX鎮(zhèn)WNW8001000混合區(qū)GB309693，2類(lèi)水環(huán)境XX渠E2500GB38382002 Ⅳ類(lèi)生態(tài)環(huán)境XX山村、XXX老火車(chē)站及相關(guān)鐵路周?chē)貐^(qū)ing from all parts of the country to see it. In spite of all that has been said, the touristshave been picking leaves and cutting their names on the treetrunk. So far, not one of them has been struck down by sudden death!Lesson59 In or out ？ 進(jìn)來(lái)還是出去？Our dog, Rex, used to sit outside our front gate and bark. Every time he wanted to e into the garden he would bark until someone opened the gate. As the neighbours plained of the noise, my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in. Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate. However, when I was going out shopping last week, I noticed him in the garden near the gate. This time he was barking so that someone would let him out ! Since then, he has developed another bad habit. As soon as he opens the gate from the outside, he es into the garden and waits until the gate shuts. Then he sits and barks until someone lets him out. After this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again. Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed we have not seen him since. Lesson60 The future 卜算未來(lái)At a village fair, I decided to visit a fortuneteller called Madam Bellinsky. I went into her tent and she told me to sit down. After I had given her some money, she looked into a crystal ball and said: 39。A relation of yours is ing to see you. She will be arriving this evening and intends to stay for a few days. The moment you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise. A woman you know well will rush towards you. She will speak to you and then she will lead you away from this place. That is all.39。 As soon as I went outside, I forgot all about Madam Bellinsky because my wife hurried towards me. 39。Where have you been hiding ?39。 she asked impatiently. 39。Your sister will be here in less than an hour and we must be at the station to meet her. We are late already.39。 As she walked away, I followed her out of the fair. Lesson61 Trouble with the Hubble 哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡的困境In future, astronauts will be required to descend from a spaceship while it is still in space and to return to it. The ability to do this will be necessary in future flights to distant planets. Scientists are now trying to discover if this is possible. The spaceship Astra which left the earth a short time ago, will be travelling three hundred miles into space. At a certain point, the Astra will stop for a short time and an astronaut will attempt to leave the stationary spaceship and then return to it. We shall not know whether the experiment has been successful until we ha