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海春) A. What B. That C. This D. Which ?。鄞鸢福?B ?。劢馕觯?陳述客觀情況的名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞之后是完整的陳述句, 引導(dǎo)詞本身不充當(dāng)該名詞性從句中具體的句子成分, 有這樣用法的引導(dǎo)詞只能是that?! 。劭碱}3] ____ we39。ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. (1996) A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where [答案] B ?。劢馕觯?下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞之后接了一個(gè)完整的陳述句, 但整個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句不是客觀陳述某種情況而是要表示“是否”的意思, 應(yīng)選用引導(dǎo)詞whether。注意: 表示“是否”的名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞if不能用于引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。 ?。劭碱}4] It is pretty well understood ____ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. (2003上海) A. that B. when C. what D. how ?。鄞鸢福?C ?。劢馕觯?本題下劃線處引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)放在句末的主語(yǔ)從句(被句首的形式主語(yǔ)it所指代)。在該主語(yǔ)從句中引導(dǎo)詞要作主語(yǔ), 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有what可以充當(dāng)名詞性從句的主語(yǔ)?! 。劭碱}5] It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning gray. (1992) A. while B. that C. if D. for ?。鄞鸢福?B ?。劢馕觯?本題下劃線處引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)放在句末的主語(yǔ)從句(被句首的形式主語(yǔ)it所指代)。陳述客觀情況的名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞之后是完整的陳述句, 引導(dǎo)詞本身不充當(dāng)該名詞性從句中具體的句子成分, 有這樣用法的引導(dǎo)詞只能是that?! 。劭碱}6] It is none of year business ____ other people think about you. Believe yourself. (2007福建) A. how B. what C. which D. when ?。鄞鸢福?B ?。劢馕觯?下劃線處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句表示“其他人如何想你”, 在該主語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)think的賓語(yǔ), 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只能選擇what做引導(dǎo)詞。題干中what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句放在句末、 由句首的形式主語(yǔ)it所指代。表語(yǔ)從句的基本用法:名詞性從句在be等系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)時(shí)被稱為表語(yǔ)從句, 例如: The problem is how we can get the things we 。(how 在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)方式狀語(yǔ))The scissors are not what I need. 這把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what 在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ))What I told him was that I would find him a good play. 我告訴他的是我會(huì)給他找個(gè)好劇本。(what在主語(yǔ)從句中作直接賓語(yǔ), that作為表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞在該表語(yǔ)從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分, 不能省略)That is what I want to tell 。(what在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)直接賓語(yǔ))That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考試不及格的原因。(why 在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ))注意: “That is why...”是常用句型, 意為“這就是……的原因/因此……”, 其中why引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在句中作表語(yǔ), 該句型通常用于針對(duì)前面已經(jīng)說(shuō)明過(guò)的原因進(jìn)行總結(jié) 例如:That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne. 珍妮, 這就是現(xiàn)在這個(gè)老太婆出現(xiàn)在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne對(duì)老婦人顯得蒼老憔悴深感詫異, 說(shuō)話人對(duì)她講述了其中的原因之后,用這一句來(lái)進(jìn)行概括)。 That is why I came. 這就是我來(lái)的原因?! ∠旅媸莾蓚€(gè)與“That is why...”形式相似的結(jié)構(gòu), 它們與“That is why...”結(jié)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系要能夠辨析清楚: (1)“That is why...”與“That is the reason why...”同義, 只不過(guò)從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上講, “That is the reason why...”中why引導(dǎo)的是—個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句, 將其中的the reason去掉則與“That is why...”結(jié)構(gòu)一樣, 例如: That is (the reason) why I cannot agree. 這就是我不能同意的理由。 (2)“That is because...”句型中從屬連詞because引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在此作表語(yǔ), 這也是個(gè)常用句型, 意為“這就是為什么……/因?yàn)椤??!癟hat is because...”與“That is why...”之間的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由, “That is why...”則指由于各種原因所造成的后果, 例如: He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her , 那是因?yàn)樗脦椭拿妹米鲎鳂I(yè)。(第一句話說(shuō)明結(jié)果, 第二句話說(shuō)明原因) He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last , 因此他昨天晚上沒(méi)有去看。(第一句話說(shuō)明原因, 第二句話說(shuō)明結(jié)果)例題講解:[考題1] The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. (2007上海) A. when B. why C. whether D. that ?。鄞鸢福?D [解析] 下劃線處之后是包含一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的表語(yǔ)從句, 如果看不出它是充當(dāng)整個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的表語(yǔ)從句將難以把握整個(gè)句子的意思。因此, 應(yīng)選擇可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句且不充當(dāng)任何成分的that?! 。劭碱}2] You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree. (2004) A. why B. where C. what D. how [答案] B ?。劢馕觯?下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)系動(dòng)詞is后的表語(yǔ)從句并在該表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)(“disagree”屬于不及物動(dòng)詞, “I disagree”本身是完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)), 下劃線應(yīng)填入引導(dǎo)詞where, 表語(yǔ)從句“where I disagree”的意思是“我不同意之處、 我不同意的地方”?! 。劭碱}3] — I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. — Is that ____ you had a few days off? (1999) A. why B. when C. what D. where [答案] A ?。劢馕觯?下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)與系動(dòng)詞is連用的表語(yǔ)從句并在該表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ), 下劃線應(yīng)填入表示“因此……”(指因某種原因所造成的結(jié)果)的引導(dǎo)詞why?! 。劭碱}4] ____ she couldn39。t understand was ____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. (2000上海) A. What。 why B. That。 what C. What。 because D. Why。 that ?。鄞鸢福?A ?。劢馕觯?第一個(gè)下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并在該主語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ), 特指她所不理解的事情, 應(yīng)填入關(guān)系代詞型的引導(dǎo)詞what; 第二個(gè)下劃線處表示“因此……”(指因某種原因所造成的后果, 由why引導(dǎo)對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞性從句)而不是“為什么……”(指原因、 理由, 由because引導(dǎo)對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞性從句), 應(yīng)填入引導(dǎo)詞why?! 。劭碱}5] ____ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. (2003上海春) A. What。 because B. What。 that C. That。 what D. That。 because [答案] B ?。劢馕觯?第一個(gè)下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并在該主語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ), 特指令校方驕傲的事情, 應(yīng)選用關(guān)系代詞型的引導(dǎo)詞what; 第二個(gè)下劃線處引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句表示原因、 理由, 應(yīng)由that引導(dǎo)對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞性從句。 ?。劭碱}6] — Are you still thinking about yesterday39。s game? — Oh, that39。s ____. (2003北京春) A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited ?。鄞鸢福?A [解析] A選項(xiàng)的意思是“令我感覺(jué)激動(dòng)的