【文章內容簡介】 軸徑增大，鍵的尺寸增大，因此只需校核軸徑最小處。δ=4*360*10179。*42/13**44*18=[δ]τ=2*360*10179。*42/44*8*=152MPa[τ]經計算強度足夠 花鍵的設計計算在本設計里，變速器二軸上的花鍵均為矩形花鍵，這是因為矩形花鍵定心精度高，應力集中較小，承載能力大的優(yōu)點。 花鍵的選擇（1） 倒檔花鍵。860*52*10（2） 二、三檔花鍵：1092*82*10（3） 四、五檔花鍵：1035*28*4 各花鍵強度校核對于實際采用的材料組合和標準尺寸來說，花鍵齒面的壓饋或磨損是主要的損壞形式，因此，一般只作連接的擠壓強度或耐磨性計算，計算公式如下:δ=2T / K Z h l′ d其中，Z齒數 K載荷不均系數，h齒面工作高度 l′齒的接觸強度（1）一檔花鍵強度計算δ =2*360*10179。**10*35*56*5=[δ]（2）二、三檔花鍵強度計算δ=2*360**10179。/10*5*23*87=[δ]（3）四、五檔花鍵強度計算δ=2*360**10179。/10**28*=[δ]經計算各花鍵的強度足夠。第五章 設計總結本次設計是對我大學四年所學知識的總結，也是對我能否靈活運用所學知識能力的檢驗。通過本次設計，使我掌握了解決問題的基本方法，對以后工作期很大的指導作用。同時，通過本次設計，使自己對以前所學知識得到了進一步的鞏固，也看到了自己的不足環(huán)節(jié)，這需要自己以后進一步學習來彌補。在設計過程中，得到了指導教師龔堰玨老師及其他老師的悉心指導，在此向他們表示衷心的感謝。由于自己水平有限，經驗不足，設計中的錯誤一定很多，敬請各位老批評指導。結束語經過四年在大學的學習和生活，我不但學習各方面的知識，而且積累了很多參與實踐的經驗，這為我進行這次畢業(yè)設計打下了良好的基礎，雖然我懂得并不多，在指導老師和同學們的幫助下我看是一步一步地走上正軌，努力完成畢業(yè)設計。一進入這個學期我們就開始了畢業(yè)實習，主要是為畢業(yè)設計做準備。我設計的課題是某五檔變速器同步器的設計，在指導老師的細心指導下，我初步了解了該課題設計思路，基本結構和傳動原理，由于我缺乏理論和技術上的常識，所以獨自完成任務困難很大，但這也是畢業(yè)設計對我們的考驗，對我們能力的進一步升華?？墒钱斦嬲_始設計時因為我經驗不足，遇事不知道該從何處落手，于是我們小組的成員齊心協(xié)力，頻頻出入圖書館，查閱資料，向有指導老師請教，并隨時記下所見所想,遇到不理解的地方再向指導老師請教。我們不斷的重復這個過程，致使我們對課題有了初步的設計方案。接下來我們開始手工繪制草圖，核實尺寸，定制材料，然后經指導老師初步審核。接下來我們終于開始了真正出成果的部分繪制裝配圖、零件圖和書寫設計說明書。這些工作可以說是繁瑣和勞累的。每天我都要在計算機前呆上好幾個小時，一張圖紙常常要修改好幾遍，許多細微的地方都不能粗心，例如圖層、線型、尺寸線、標注等等都馬虎不得，有時確定不了正確率就要查閱好多資料。尤其是這種機械的傳統(tǒng)設計，我們更應該一步一步按要求進行設計，對關鍵的零件給予校核，有時一幅圖紙要與指導老師研究修改好多次，目的就是盡量使設計結構更趨于合理和完善?，F(xiàn)在我的設計終于完成了，我心里有說不出的喜悅，有一種成就感。付出了自己辛勤的汗水，通過自己和同學們一起辛勤的勞動而完成了畢業(yè)設計，對我以后工作有很大的幫助，不但為我以后的工作積累了一些經驗，更為日后的能更好的團結合作起到不可替代的作用。當然，希望我的畢業(yè)設計能得到老師們的認可，由于我的經驗不足，設計一定會有很多錯誤，請老師多多批評指正。謝謝致謝 在整個畢業(yè)設計期間，我們的指導教師龔堰玨老師對我給予了極大支持和幫助，在這里要對龔老師表示衷心的感謝。還有與我同組的孫旭，王方明及宿舍成員，都給予我很大的幫助，在此也對他們的幫助與支持表示誠摯的謝意。另外，我還要感謝與我同在一起生活學習了四年的同學們。盡管我們每個人做的都不是同一個題目，但平時我們一起討論，互相幫助，共同解決了許多遇到的難題。我要對他們的熱心幫助與關心表示深深的謝意。 參考文獻：《汽車設計》 王望予主編 [M] 機械工業(yè)出版社《汽車構造》 吉林大學汽車工程系主編 [M] 人民交通出版社《汽車設計叢書》 高維山主編 [M] 清華大學汽車工程系《機械設計手冊》 成大先主編 [M] 化學工業(yè)出版社附錄1：原文：Concepts for Commercial vehicle Drive Trains——Influence of Transmission on Consumption,Noise Level and Comfort[Abstract]The transmission has a considerable influence on fuel consumption noise level and fort with in the vehicle d rive train. The selected examples taken from the ZF product rang show several transmission types in typical vehicle applications. The power weight ratio of current transmissions was considerably improved in all area s in parison with previous versions. Improvements concerning noise levels and demands for higher fort have bee even more important. The fore fully automatic transmissions will achieve a larger share of the market. In the future, alternative drive train concepts such as electric wheel drives used in city buses will enhance the drive train product range.Key words: Commercial vehicle Transmission Fuel consumption Noise level ComfortIntroductionFour important aspects will determine mercial vehicles of the future:Legislation (exhaust gasese /noise/ accident Prevention )Different customer requirements (number Of variants )Globalization of production and salesTechnologies, inparticular transmission technologyIn addition to the key engine developments with the object ive of satisfying the exhaust gas standards defined in EU Euro and EU Euro IV, the optmium configuration of the drive train is of → Diesel engines remain predom inant●Wider consumption characteristics curves●Torque levels of up to 3000Nm in the future→Comfort requirements as in passenger car●Reduction and harmonization of shift forces●Increased: automatic transmissions with optimum adaption to the bust on engine●M inmi ization of fuel consumption,emissions●Reductionin number of gears from 16 to 12 or less→Electrical drive technology in city buses●A lternatives to mechanical drive train●Hybrid concepts, battery run buses●Fuel cell vehicles at test stageends in mercial engines decisive importance here.The following trend sare therefore indicating the future for new mercial vehcle developments on the drive train:Individualisation with full utilization of the modular systemEconomic viability through use of light const ruct ion, drive train optimization and improved efficiency as well as reduction in maintenance costsEnvironmental patibility through use of conservation of resources and extensive recycling options for all materials usedElectrical and electronic units used more in all drive train areasSafety optmiization measures through the use of system solutions incorporating all key active elements such as AB S,ESP and total drive train feedback cont rol and brakem anagem en t,includ ing the use of retarders.Several examples will now be used to demonstrate the transmission’s influence on co st savings, fuel consumpt ion, noise levels and fort with in the overall drive will then be supplem ented by aprediction of future developm ents for the drive train.Drive train conf igurationThe basic version of a mercit ra in w ith d iesel engine (with directfuel in jection), multigeared transmission and single or double ratio drive axles has not changed in the past few decades.As far as the engine is concerned, the dieselengine will remain the main source of drive in the foreseeable future due to its many advan tages (including: good use of primary energy, high power weigh tratio for the engine and fuelac cumulator, high level of reliability).A n extension of the fuel consumption characteristics curves goes hand in hand with a far reaching increase in the max imumeng inetorque.The main operating range of the engines used for heavy duty trucks is currently at to rque levels of 15002000 Nm, it is how ever expected that engines will have to rque levels of 3000 Nm in the foreseeable future(F ).The mim inization of fuel consumption and a reduction of emi