【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. 我們不能理解越來越少的學(xué)生對他的課不感興趣。由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句。關(guān)系代詞who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引導(dǎo)表語從句，在句中作主語、賓語、表語，關(guān)系代詞不能省略。The question is which of us should 。The problem was who could do the 。That39。s what he is worrying 。That39。s what we should 。由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句。Go and get your coat. It39。s where you left it. 去把雨衣拿來。就在你原來放的地方。I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That’s why I got wet through. 我們既沒傘也沒雨衣，這是我們淋濕的原因。That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every 。That is what he is worried 。由連詞because，as if/as though等引導(dǎo)的表語從句。It looked as if it was going to 。That39。s because we never thought of 。It seems as if he didn’t know the 。七、同位語從句概述用作同位語的從句叫同位語從句。它一般跟在抽象名詞fact，idea，news，hope，belief，thought，truth，doubt，suggestion，warning, instruction，reason，information, question等之后，對這些名詞進(jìn)行說明或解釋。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞除連詞that，whether外，還有關(guān)系代詞what, which, who, 以及關(guān)系副詞how，when，where，why等。It is a fact that smoking is a danger to health. 吸煙危害健康，這是事實。I have no idea what you 。He made the suggestion that we go by train. 他建議我們坐火車去。There is no doubt that he is guilty. 毫無疑問，他是有罪的。由從屬連詞that，whether引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。Information has been put forward that more middle school graduates will be admitted into ，大學(xué)將招收更多的中學(xué)畢業(yè)生。The fact that we lack enough phones needs to be 。The idea that puters can recognize human voices surprises many 。I didn39。t receive the news that the meeting had been put 。由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。The question who should be the first has not been 。You can have no idea what he 。由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。I have no idea when he will be 。They usually write exact instructions how the music is to be 。定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)別。（1）同位語從句相當(dāng)于名詞，它對其前的名詞起補(bǔ)充說明或進(jìn)一步解釋其內(nèi)容的作用；而定語從句的功能相當(dāng)于形容詞，它對其先行詞起修飾、描述或限制作用。The suggestion (that) she has put forward is very 。(定語從句)The suggestion that we clean the classroom by turns is very ，這個建議很好。(同位語從句)（2）引導(dǎo)定語從句的that是關(guān)系代詞，在從句中充當(dāng)某種成分，作賓語時可省略；而引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that是連接詞，在從句中不作任何成分，也不能省略。The fact (that) we talked about is 。(定語從句，that作從句中介詞about的賓語)The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased ，這使大家很高興。(同位語從句，that在從句中不作任何成分)（3）引導(dǎo)定語從句的when，where是關(guān)系副詞，不但在句中充當(dāng)句子成分，還有與其含義相當(dāng)?shù)南刃性~；而引導(dǎo)同位語從句的when，where是關(guān)系副詞，雖可以在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分，但沒有與之含義相當(dāng)?shù)南刃性~。Gone forever are the days when Chinese people were 。(定語從句，the days與when構(gòu)成含義相當(dāng)?shù)拇钆潢P(guān)系)I have no idea when he will be 。(同位語從句，idea與when在含義上沒有任何搭配關(guān)系)（4）同位語從句的先行詞應(yīng)是表示抽象概念的詞，如：idea, belief, conclusion, impression，fact，news，idea，thought，hope，order, suggestion，belief等，而定語從句的先行詞是各種抽象概念的詞或具體概念的詞。He expressed the hope that he would write a novel 。（同位語從句）I will never forget the days when we were in Liangxiang 。（定語從句）八、賓語從句(object clauses)概述用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。賓語從句的位置與陳述句基本結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語相同。賓語從句可作謂語動詞的賓語，也可以作介詞和非謂語動詞（動詞不定式、動名詞、分詞）和某些形容詞的賓語。賓語從句可以由從屬連詞that whether、if，關(guān)系代詞what, who, whose, which和關(guān)系副詞when、where、how、why等引導(dǎo)。He said he wanted to go to town. 他說他想去城里。I hope you39。ll be better 。I’m so glad that you were able to e to this ，我很高興。I know nothing about it except what I have read in the ,我對這件事一無所知。Most of the Chinese people usually go to work on the bike except when it ,大多數(shù)中國人一般都騎自行車上班。He asked me whether she was ing. 他問我，她來還是不來。 作動詞賓語 （1）由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，只起引導(dǎo)詞作用，在句中不做成分，在口語和非正式文體中常省去。I think (that) he39。ll be right in a few 。I wish （that） she would understand 。（2）由關(guān)系代詞what, who, whose, which引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，在句中作成分，即主語、賓語、表語和定語，關(guān)系代詞在句中不能省略。 A puter can only do what you have instructed it to do．計算機(jī)只能按人的指令去做。Do you know whom they are waiting for?你知道他們在等誰嗎？He asked whose dictionary it 。He can39。t tell which method they will use for the 。（3）關(guān)系副詞when，where，how，why等引導(dǎo)賓語從句。關(guān)系副詞 when，where，how，why 既有疑問意義，又起連接作用，而且在賓語從句中充當(dāng)各種狀語，分別表時間、地點、方式、原因。在句中不能省略。Please tell me when we shall discuss our 。I don39。t know where we are going to have the 。Will you tell me how I can get to the station？你能告訴我如何能到車站嗎？ Do you know why he said that?你知道他為什么說那件事嗎？ I remember when this used to be a quiet village．我記得這里曾經(jīng)是一個僻靜的村莊。（4）由從屬連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。I wonder whether (if) daughters are valued as much as sons in the 。I don39。t know whether (if) you are willing to help 。注意：whether 和if的區(qū)別，請參考概述部分。（5）動詞+間接賓語+賓語從句。動詞如：advise, ask, inform, promise, question, remind, show, teach, tell, warn等，賓語從句前可以有一個間接賓語，這個賓語有時可以省略，有的不能省略。He has informed me when they are to discuss my 。(me不可省略)She promised (us) that she would give us more help later 。(us可省略)作介詞賓語It depends on whether he is ing or 。I was curious as to what we could do 。注意：that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句只在in, but, except,besides等少數(shù)介詞后作賓語，形成固定搭配，in that在于（因為），but that要不是(只是)，except that除了……。The higher ine tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn ，因為它可能使人不愿多賺錢。His paper is perfect except that there were some ，這篇論文很好。作形容詞賓語。No one can be sure what man will look like in a million years．誰也不知道一百萬年后人類會變成什么樣子。I am not certain whether I have met him 。I39。m sorry (that) you39。re ，我很難過。注意：that引導(dǎo)的從句在下列形容詞后面作賓語，that可以省略。anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content, proud等。I39。m sure (that) he39。ll help 。I39。m glad (that)he has passed the ，他考試及格了。it充當(dāng)形式賓語，真正的賓語賓語從句后置。正如我們常用it充當(dāng)形式主語代替主語從句一樣，我們也常用it用作形式賓語代替賓語從句，把真正的賓語從句后置。特別是帶復(fù)合賓語的句子中。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中that不可省略。有下列幾種情況：（1）在believe, consider, declare, estimate, fancy, feel, find, guess,hear, imagine, know, make, prove, reckon, think, understand 等動詞接復(fù)合賓語（賓語＋賓補(bǔ)）時，要用it作形式賓語。We find it difficult that we should finish the work on time．我發(fā)現(xiàn)我們按時完成工作有困難。 She thinks it wrong that he didn39。t answer the phone．她認(rèn)為他不接電話是不對的。 （2）在like，enjoy，love，hate,take 等表“喜怒哀樂”的動詞，后若要跟賓語從句時，需跟形式賓語 it。I hate it when people talk with their mouths 。 I like it that everyone passed the exam．都通過了考試我很喜歡。 （3）由動詞和介詞構(gòu)成的短語動詞后接 that 賓語從句時，要用形式賓語。 We are thinking of it that we39。ll lend you some money．我正在考慮借給你錢的事。I shall see to