【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 erally go through survey, design and construction of the three phase, need to use engineering geological survey and hydrogeological survey, engineering surveying, soil mechanics, engineering mechanics, engineering design, construction materials, construction equipment, engineering machinery, building economic disciplines and knowledge in the field of construction technology, construction organization, as well as the electronic puter and mechanical testing wide in civil engineering is a prehensive the progress of science and technology and the development of engineering practice, the civil engineering discipline connotation also has developed into a broad category, large, plex integrated system.Civil engineering technology are mainly relies on the development of engineering practice rather than relying on scientific experiments and theoretical studies, for two reasons: one is some objective conditions are too plex, difficult to faithfully indoor experiment or field testing and theoretical , tunnel and underground engineering, for example, the stress and deformation state and its change with time, the engineering experience analysis judgment still need it is only for new engineering practice, to reveal new highrise buildings, for example, high tower mast and longspan Bridges, engineering of wind and earthquake resistant problem highlights, to develop this aspect of the new theory and technology.After the industrial revolution, especially in the 20th century, on the one hand, society puts forward new demand to the civil engineering。On the other hand, social each domain to move forward to create a good condition of civil this period of civil engineering get the development by leaps and sprung up all over the world of modern largescale industrial buildings, skyscrapers, nuclear power plants, highways and railways, longspan Bridges, large diameter pipeline long tunnels, the grand canal, big DAMS, airport, sea port and Marine engineering, civil engineering constantly create new material environment for human society, human society is an important part of modern civilization.Construction engineeringRefers to all kinds of construction of the building and affiliated facilities thereof and its supporting lines, pipes, equipment installation activities of the project buildings refers to the top, the foundation of the beams, walls, and the ability to form internal space, meet the production, living, learning, public events, such as need, including factory buildings, theatres, hotels, shops, schools, hospitals and residential, etc.。Affiliated facilities means and building towers, sheds, pool, etc.Lines, pipelines, equipment installation refers to the building and affiliated facilities matching with the electrical, water supply and drainage, munication, elevators and other lines, pipelines, equipment installation activities.Highrise buildings rise from the United States in the first Chicago in 1883 built the first brick house since the bearing and steel frame institutions, building high 11 layers of insurance the population to concentrate in big cities, as urban land increasingly nervous and the invention and application of the elevator, breakthrough of the theory of structure, new materials unceasingly, began to appear a lot of tall buildings, and the construction scale is more and more big, the building height is higher and in 1913 in New York City high 52 Woolworth building, built in 1913 in New York City 102 floors, 381 meters of the Empire State despite the has adopted advanced steel frame structure and strength of the steel reinforced concrete material, have yet to create and adapt to the new architectural type modelling form, modelling idea still wandering in the middle ages people tall straight architectural form, thus a new structure type package by tradition