解破學(xué)生殖系統(tǒng)ppt課件(編輯修改稿)
2025-05-31 12:10 本頁面
【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 x 鼻咽部 Oropharynx 口咽部 Laryngopharynx 喉咽部 ⑵ Three segments 鼻咽部上達(dá)顱底，下至腭帆后緣平面續(xù)口咽部。 喉咽部上起自會厭上緣平面，下至第 6頸椎體下緣平面與食管相續(xù) 。 口咽部位于腭帆后緣與會厭平面之間，向前經(jīng)咽峽與口腔相通。 43 44 167。⒊ The Esophagus 食管 ⑴ General features A muscular tube about 25cm long Three constrictions (狹窄 ) for the esophagus. (注：為食道癌好發(fā)部位 ) Passing through the diaphragm at level of the T10 vertebra and enters the stomach after 1~2 cm Connecting the pharynx at level of the C6 vertebra 45 ⑵ Three constrictions 三個狹窄 Three constrictions Commencement Where crossed by the left bronchus Where pass through the diaphragm 第一狹窄處 At its beginning: lies at level of C6, is the narrowest part of the esophagus. 第二狹窄處 Where it is crossed by the left main bronchus: lies at level of intervertebral disc between T4 and T5. 第三狹窄處 Where it passes through the esophageal hiatus (裂孔 ) of diaphragm: 40cm from incisors(切牙 ), at level of T10 46 Three constrictions三個狹窄 ◎ ◎ ◎ Commencement: lies at level of C6, is the narrowest part of the esophagus. Where crossed by the left bronchus: lies at level of intervertebral disc between T4 and T5. Where pass through the diaphragm: 40cm from incisors (切牙 ), at level of T10 47 167。 ⒋ The Stomach胃 ⒈ The stomach shape Two surface ▲ Anterior and posterior Two curvatures(彎曲 ) ▲ Lesser curvature 胃小彎 ▲ Greater curvature 胃大彎 Two openings(開口 ) ▲ Cardia 賁門 ▲ Pylorus 幽門 48 臨床上將幽門部稱為胃竇 ,此部和胃小彎附近是潰瘍和癌癥的好發(fā)部位 . ⒉ Four parts for the stomach Cardiac part 賁門部 Fundus of stomach 胃底 Body of stomach 胃體 Pyloric part 幽門部 Pyloric antrum 幽門竇 Pyloric canal 幽門管 Stomach parts 49 Pyloric part 幽門部 Fundus 胃底 Body 胃體 Cardiac part 賁門部 Pyloric antrum 幽門竇 Pyloric canal 幽門管 50 ⒊ The structure of the stomach wall Stomach wall 胃壁有四層 ,粘膜呈桔紅色 , 胃空虛時形成許多皺壁 ,充盈時變平。 It consists of the four usual layers. Mucosa 粘膜層 Submucosa 粘膜下層 Muscularis 肌肉層 Serosa 漿膜層 51 粘膜層 粘膜下層 肌肉層 漿膜層 52 53 About 57m long, It can be divided into three parts. 167。 ⒌ The Small Intestine小腸 小腸組成 ▲ ⒈ General features Duodenum 十二指腸 Jejunum 空腸 Ileum 回腸 duodenum [ .dju? 39。d?n?m] [ .dju(?)?u 39。d??n?m] 十二指腸 54 55 ▲⒉ The wall structure of the small intestine 腸壁結(jié)構(gòu)仍為 4層。 特點(diǎn)： 小腸管壁有環(huán)形皺襞，粘膜有許多絨毛分布 ,增加吸收面積。 56 ▲ ⒊ Duodenum 十二指腸 Duodenum can be divided into four parts. Superior part 上部 Descending part 降部 Horizontal part 水平部 Ascending part 升部 十二指 腸分部 十二指腸圍成 C字形 ,包繞胰頭 .降部中段后內(nèi)側(cè)壁上有一縱行皺襞 ,稱十二指腸縱襞 ,其下端形成十二指腸大乳頭 ,為肝胰壺腹的開口處。 57 Characteristic Jejunum空腸 Ileum回腸 Position Upper 2/5 Lower 3/5 Diameter Greater Less Wall Thicker Thin Circular folds環(huán)狀皺襞 Larger, numerous and large villi高而密 ,絨毛大 Fewer， smaller and less abundant villi Vascularity血管供應(yīng) Greater Less Colour Deeper red Paler pink粉紅色 Lymphatic follicles淋巴濾泡 Solitary 分散單獨(dú)存在 Aggregated 集合存在 Fat in mesentery 腸系膜脂肪 Less 腸系膜脂肪少 More 腸系膜脂肪多 ▲ ⒋ Jejunum and ileum空腸和回腸 58 Jejunum and ileum Jejunum ileum 59 167。 ⒍ The Large Intestine大腸 Approximately long, Five parts: Cecum 盲腸 Vermiform appendix 闌尾 Colon 結(jié)腸 Rectum 直腸 Anal canal 肛管 大腸分部 60 ▲⑴
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