【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 tive energy storage systems in mercial aircraft in the longterm future would require that future airport terminals be equipped with power generation technology at or near the premises. Power GenerationThe number of electrically powered and hydrogen powered road and railway vehicles would likely increase during a post peakoil period. Commuter aircraft that operate shorthaul service could be powered by ethanol(乙醇) or by hydrogen while future supersonic aircraft could use liquid hydrogen as fuel. The mercial aviation industry of the future (post peak oil) could likely require vast amounts of electric power to recharge superconductive energy storage systems, recharge liquid nitrogen cooling systems as well as to generate, press and supercool large amounts of hydrogen. Modern mercial aircraft are energy intensive during takeoff. Airports that serve metropolitan areas presently process continual processions of large longdistance aircraft during peak periods. Such aircraft could require between 300Mwhr and 1000Mwhr of power to undertake transoceanic flights at subsonic speed. The power requirements of a future electrically based mercial aviation industry could likely overwhelm the power generation industry of most developed nations. Major international airports may eventually need to generate electric power onsite to meet the energy needs of future fleets of electrically powered and hydrogenfueled mercial aircraft. Airport power stations may be nuclear。 use hydrogen fusion or be based on some other unconventional power generation technology that is still subject to research. Energy StorageThe ability to store large amounts of energy at or near major airports could gain importance during a post peakoil period. Electric power could be purchased from the grid during their offpeak periods and put into shortterm storage. Airport power stations that encounter offpeak periods could replenish(裝滿) airport energy storage systems that may include superconductive storage, flow batteries, hydraulic storage in hydroelectric dams in nearby mountains (coastal airports) or offsite pneumatic storage (subterranean salt domes that were emptied). Air that is exhausted from pneumatic storage systems may be sufficiently cold to assist in “replenishing” liquid nitrogen supercooling systems.Power Regulation (Airports)Power stations that provide energy for air transportation use may have to be excluded from the regulatory framework. Most of the electrically powered airliners that will be recharged would be “foreign” owned, that is, the owners would be domiciled in a different jurisdiction(司法權(quán)) to where the aircraft would be recharged. The idea of regulators in one jurisdiction looking after the interests of parties who live, do business and pay taxes in another jurisdiction is quite ludicrous. Power stations that supply a future airline industry with electric power would need to be regulatoryfree despite the “foreign” airline owners being “captive” customers. It would be possible for power to be supplied to a single airport by several small providers who pete against each other. Power providers and airline panies could negotiate deals, perhaps even on a daily basis. ConclusionFuture scientific breakthroughs are likely to occur in both nanotechnology and in superconductivity. Highdensity energy storage technologies could be the likely result and appear in the distant future. Electrically powered mercial aircraft that fly at subsonic speeds could appear in the future irrespective of whether or not peakoil actually occurs. Alternative liquid fuels that are costpetitive to fossil oil are also likely to appear and find applications in aviation. Large groundeffect aircraft（地效飛行器） that fly above water and that carry either passengers or freight between coastal cities are also likely appear in the future.1. The prospect of sustained high aviation fuel prices could propel airline panies to seek _______________________.2. Breakthroughs in nanotechnology could enable _______________________ to be available in their application in airliner propulsion.3. Coanda fans were first developed by _______________________ .4. _______________________ could be used to cool superconductive energy storage system used in future mercial aircraft. 5. _______________________, which operates shorthaul service, could be powered by ethanol(乙醇) or by hydrogen.6. Future airport power stations may be_______________________。 use hydrogen fusion or be based on some other unconventional power generation technology. 7. During a post peakoil period, the ability to_______________________ at or near major airports could gain importance. 8. Power stations that provide energy for air transportation use are likely to be _______________________ from the regulatory framework.9. Electrically powered mercial aircraft that fly at _______________________ speeds could appear in the future. 10. Aircrafts flying above water and carrying either passengers or freight between coastal cities are called _______________________. Section 2 Reading Comprehension (10%)Directions: The following passage is followed by some questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the best answer from the four choices.Living standards have soared during the twentieth century, and economists expect them to continue rising in the decades ahead. Does that mean that we humans can look