【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】
的事物的名詞前如:the sun。 the moon。 the earth。 the sky(4) 用在序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)前,如:March is the third month of a year. He is the cleverest boy in his class.(5) 用在某些形容詞前, 表示一類人。如:the rich。 the poor。 the young。 the old等。(6) 用在西洋樂器名詞前。如:play the violin(7) 用在表示方位的名詞前。如:in the east/north/west/south(8) 用在表示山脈、海洋、江河、湖泊、群島、建筑物、名勝古跡等專有名詞前或用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前。如:the Yellow River。 the Great Wall。 the West Lake。 the White House等(9) 用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)形式前,表示“全家人”或“夫妻倆”。eg:The Greens are watchingTV now(10)用于形容詞或副詞比較級(jí)等構(gòu)成“ the...the... ”的句式中,表示“越……越……”。如: The more, the better.(11)用于固定搭配中。all the same仍然;all the time一直;at the moment此刻;at the same time同時(shí);by the way順便說;do the shopping/washing買東西/洗衣服;in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上in the open air 在戶外,在野外3.零冠詞的用法(1)棋類活動(dòng),球類運(yùn)動(dòng),一日三餐,學(xué)科名詞前不用任何冠詞 play chess play football have supper We all like English.特例:當(dāng)football,basketball指具體的某個(gè)球時(shí),其前可以用冠詞:I can see a 。Where’s the football?那只足球在哪兒?(指足球,并非“球類運(yùn)動(dòng)”)(2)稱呼語前不用冠詞, 表示頭銜和職務(wù)的名詞前也不加冠詞。 如:I don’t feel well today, Mum./ This is Professor Li/ /Hello, Lily.(3)在節(jié)假日、星期、月份、季節(jié)等名詞前,用零冠詞.如:Teachers’ Day。 Mother’s Day。 on Monday。 in May。 in summer▲但若指某年的某月份或某年的某季節(jié),需在月份或季節(jié)前加the, eg:The winter in 2008 was very cold.(4)名詞前已有物主代詞(my,your,his,her等)、指示代詞(this/these,that/those)、不定代詞(some,any等)及名詞所有格修飾時(shí),不用冠詞 my book(正);my the book(誤)(5)有些專有名詞, 如人名,地名,國家名,抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞前一般不用冠詞。如: China。 Japanese。 milk。 love等。Jim lives in China.(6)不可數(shù)名詞和復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指時(shí)前用零冠詞 We can’t live without water./ Horses are good animals.(7)用在“專有名詞+普通名詞”構(gòu)成的街名,路名,山名等名詞前 Hainan Island / Nanjing Road (8) by與火車等交通工具連用,用零冠詞 eg:by bus/ by train/by car/ by bike 注意:take a bus/ on the bike/ in a boat(9)在某些固定搭配里,名詞之前常不用冠詞. 378459309制作如on foot。 at home。 at night。 from morning till night, on time, in time, at first, at last等。(10)用與不用冠詞的差異 ①in hospital住院 / in the hospital在醫(yī)院里②in front of在…(外部的)前面 / in the front of在…(內(nèi)部的)前面 ③at table進(jìn)餐 / at the table在桌子旁 ④by sea乘船 / by the sea在海邊 ⑤go to school(church…)上學(xué)(做禮拜…) /go to the school(church…)到學(xué)校(教堂…)去 ⑥two of us我們當(dāng)中的兩人 / the two of us我們兩人(共計(jì)兩人)⑦a teacher and writer一位教師兼作家(一個(gè)人)/a teacher and a writer一位教師和一位作家(兩個(gè)人)專題三:代詞中考對(duì)代詞的考查主要為:人稱代詞,物主代詞,反身代詞,指示代詞,疑問代詞,不定代詞,一. 人稱代詞: 單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱Imeweus第二人稱youyouyouyou第三人稱it/she/heit/her/himtheythem,賓格作表語或動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語.He teaches _____(we) Chinese . / I’m waiting for you.(介詞的賓語) / It’s me.(賓格做表語),順序?yàn)? 單數(shù):(二,三,一)——(You, she and I ) 復(fù)數(shù):(一,二,三)——(we , you and they )注::若把責(zé)任擔(dān),第一人稱最當(dāng)先,(即若做錯(cuò)事時(shí),把第一人稱放在最前面.)eg: She and I have been to Beijing .(一般情況) Who broke the window ? I and Mike .(承擔(dān)責(zé)任)注:it 還有一些特別的用法。1) 用在句型: “It seems that …”中.“看起來像?!?”2)用作形式主語,常用于 “It’s +adj +to do sth”句型中.“做什么事情怎么樣” . 378459309制作3) 用在句型: “It’s one’s turn to do sth”中.“輪到某人做sth” 4) 用在句型: “It’s time to do sth / for sth”中.“到了該做sth的時(shí)候”5) 用在句型: “It’s +adj +that 從句”中.6) 用作形式賓語, 用來代替動(dòng)詞不定式. 主語+make /think /feel/find + it + adj (名詞)+ to do sth . I find it difficult to remember these wors.:物主代詞分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱物主代詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形容詞性myouryouryourits/his/hertheir名詞性mineoursyoursyoursits/his/herstheirs 形容詞性物主代詞作定語修飾名詞,一般不單獨(dú)使用. eg: My name is Tom.( 形容詞性物主代詞)名詞性物主代詞,后面不能加名詞,名詞性物主代詞常與of 連用He is a friend of mine(我的一個(gè)朋友) eg:Our classroom is as big as ______(they) . / This is a friend of ______(my).注: 1) 名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+ 名詞(上題中mine=my friends)2)形容詞性物主代詞與own 連用時(shí),后面可跟名詞也可不跟名詞. My own house = a house of my own 三. 反身代詞:“某某自己;親自”單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱myself ourselves第二人稱yourselfyourselves第三人稱himself/herself/itselfthemselves記憶小竅門: 反身代詞有規(guī)律,復(fù)數(shù)ves來把f 替.反身代詞的常用搭配: enjoy oneself過得愉快 hurt oneself受傷 teach oneself = learn..by oneslf自學(xué) help oneself to …隨便吃/用 look after oneself leave sb by oneself 讓某人獨(dú)自留下 dress oneself某人自己穿衣服 improve oneself提高某人自己 單數(shù)thisthat復(fù)數(shù)thesethose 指示代詞的用法:(1)this /these ①指較近的事和人: This is my pen. / These are my books.②指下文提到的事eg:Please remember this:No pains,no gains.(2) that /those①指較遠(yuǎn)的事和人: That is her sister. / Those are her sisters.②指上面剛提到的事情eg:He was ’s why he didn’t go to school.2. 注意 that / those 常用來代替前面出現(xiàn)的人或物,以避免重復(fù). That代替可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞. Those 代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞. The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _____ in Qinghai .The books in that shop are cheaper than ___in this shop. ,this 代替自己,而that 代替對(duì)方. eg:This is Tom speaking . 我是湯姆 Who is that ?你是誰?五、疑問代詞:(P93考點(diǎn)五)用來提出問題的代詞稱為疑問代詞,通常位于句首,引出特殊疑問句。如:who 作主語,表語,賓語但不能放介詞后Who wants to go with me? whom who的賓格形式,作賓語To whom are you talking? whose who的所有格形式,作定語Whose wallet is this? 這是誰的錢包? what 可詢問職業(yè)What’s your father? He is a teacher. who 可詢問身份和姓名Who is the boy in red? He is Jim. what 指不定數(shù)目中的那一個(gè)。“什么,哪一些,”無范圍What would you like? which “ 哪一個(gè)”指在一定范圍內(nèi)特指的人或物Which bike is yours? 哪輛自行車是你的. 的區(qū)別: One 代替同類事物中的一種. 而it代替上文中出現(xiàn)的某事物. This book is a good one . May I borrow it ? 的區(qū)別①一般情況下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定,疑問句, He asked me for some paper , but I didn’t have any .②但在疑問句中,若要表示說話人希望得到肯定的回答或表示請(qǐng)求、建議時(shí)應(yīng)用some。此類句型常以could, would開頭或what about /how about 的句中。 May I have some water ?( 希望得到肯定的回答) Many+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù) ;Much+不可數(shù)名詞,都相當(dāng)于 a lot of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞 注:a lot of 常不用于否定句中. 否定句中用many /much . few /few /a little /little 的區(qū)別表否定(幾乎沒有)表肯定(有一點(diǎn))修飾可數(shù)名詞fewa few修飾不可數(shù)名詞littlea little例題:His story is easy to read,there are _____ new words in it . Hurry up ! There is _____ time left . / every 的區(qū)別★each 強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體,表示兩者或兩者以上的人或物中的每一個(gè).every 強(qiáng)調(diào)整體,表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一個(gè). There are trees and frowers on _____ side of the street . / ____ student has read a story .★:each 可以與of 連用, each of 作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).而every 不能與of . Each of us _______(study )hard .6. no one 與none 的區(qū)別 no one 指人,表示沒有人, 不能與of 連用, 謂語常用單數(shù)。none of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞/ 代詞,作主語時(shí),既指人又可指物,謂語常用單數(shù)。. The boys were all tired , but _____ of them stopped to have a rest . . 更多資料378459309制作: /neither /either /all /