【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 tributionD. modern marketing is justified by consumption20. It can be inferred from the passage that__A. a modern producer must first consider how to satisfy the consumerB. more emphasis should be laid on the distribution of products C. selling is as important as distribution in modern marketing D. transportation is neglected in traditional marketingPassage 5Bringing up children is a hard work, and you are often to blame for any bad behavior of your children. If so, Judith Harris has good news for you. Parents, she argues, have no important longterm effects on the development of the personality of their children. Far more important are their playground friends and neighborhood. Ms. Harris takes to hitting the assumption, which has dominated development psychology for almost half a century.Ms. Harris’s attack on the developmentalists’ “nature” argument looks likely to reinforce doubts that the profession was already having. If parents matter, why is it that two adopted children, reared in the same home, are no more similar in personality than two adopted children reared in separate homes? Or that a pair of identical twins, reared in the same home, is no more alike than a pair of identical twins reared in different homes? Difficult as it is to track the precise effects of parental upbringing, it may be harder to measure the exact influence of the peer group in childhood and adolescence. Ms. Harris points to how children from immigrant homes soon learn not to speak at school in the way their parents speak. But acquiring a language is surely a skill, rather than a characteristic of the sort developmental psychologists hunt for. Certainly it is different from growing up tensely or relaxed, or from learning to be honest or hardworking or generous. Easy though it may be to prove that parents have little impact on those qualities, it will be hard to prove that peers have vastly more.Moreover, mum and dad surely cannot be ditched pletely. Young adults may, as Ms. Harris argues, be keen to appear like their peers. But even in those early years, parents have the power to open doors: they may initially choose the peers with whom their young associate, and pick that influential neighborhood.Moreover, most people suspect that they e to resemble their parents more in middle age, and that people’s child bearing habits may be formed partly by what their parents did. So the balance of influences is probably plicated, as most parents already suspected without being able to demonstrate it scientifically. Even if it turns out that the genes they pass on and the friends their children play with matter as much as affection, discipline and good example, parents are not pletely off the hook..21. According to Ms. Harris,_____.A. parents are no blame for any bad behavior of their children B. parents will affect greatly the children’s life in the long run C. nature rather than nurture has a significant effect on the children’s personality development D. children’s personality is shaped by their friends and neighbors22. Which of the following views is consistent with what the developmentalists hold? A. Children are more influenced by their peers than by their parents. B. Twins are quite different if they are reared in two separate families. C. Identical twins reared in the same home are different in personality. D. Nurture has a less significant effect on children’s personality development.23. According to , which of the following statements is TRUE？ A. It is harder to track the precise effects of parental upbringing than the exact influence of the peer group in children.B. Immigrant children tend to discard the way their parents speak quickly when they go to school.C. It has been proved that peers have more impact on children’s qualities such as to be honest or hardworking or generous.D. It is easier for children to acquire a language at school than at home.24. The word “ ditched” (line 1, ) could best be replaced by______.A. proved B. emphasized C. pared D. ignored25. What is the author’s main purpose?A. To highly praise Ms. Harris’s work.B. To counter Ms. Harris’s work.C. To objectively report on Ms. Harris’s work.D. To critically ment on Ms. Harris’s work.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (60 points, oints for each)Directions: There are forty items in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words of phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one that best pletes the sentence. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.26. Please accept our _________ in advance for the favour of reply. A. thanks B. a great thank C. thank D. much thank27. It is a thousand _________ that you cannot go with us. A. a pity B. pities C. great pity D. great pities28. This pair of trousers _________ not no sale. A. are B. is C. am D. be29. I won’t be able to attend the meeting _________ at the beginning of the new term. A. holding B. being held C. that holds D. to be held30. It was proposed that the matter _________ discussed at the next meeting. A. will be B. wo