【文章內容簡介】 操作天車的人員必須小心，平穩(wěn)的操作。 26．Before entering an enclosed space such as ballast tank, what action will you take? 在進入封閉空間前，（如壓載水艙）應作什么準備工作？Prepare tools. Check all items in the checklist, such as test of content of oxygen, test of explosion point, explodedproof lamp, good ventilation. Communication means should be available between operators inside and watchman outside and so on. Operators should wear protective clothing a breathing apparatus, a helmet, working boots, lifeline. Also a mark plate “Dangerous Operation in Progress” should be established at the entrance.準備工具。核對檢查單并檢查所有項目，如測量氧氣含量，檢驗爆炸點，防爆燈和通風。進入里面的人和外面值守的人要建立可靠的通訊。操作者應該穿防護衣和攜帶呼吸器，戴安全帽，穿工作鞋，攜帶安全繩。同樣在進入口要放一個告示牌：“在進行危險操作”。 27．Please tell me the minimum safe oxygen percentage for the safety of the workers in an enclosed space.請說出進入封閉艙室需要的安全氧氣含量More than 18% and no more than 23% of oxygen in an enclosed space will be ok for the safety of the workers.大于18％，小于23％ 的氧氣含量是安全的。 28．Have you ever seen SOPEP? What is SOPEP?(Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan)您知道SOPEP嗎？什么是SOPEP？（船舶油污應急計劃）Yes, of course. SOPEP stands for Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency ，當然。SOPEP代表船舶油污應急計劃。T 29．What information you could receive form SOPEP 從SOPEP中你能得到什么信息？ The SOPEP should contain (but not limited to )the following content。 Procedures to be followed by the Master or other crew in case of oil pollution. Pollution reporting system and the authority or persons to be contacted in the event of pollution including the telephone numbers etc. Detailed description of actions to be taken immediately by persons on board to reduce or control the discharge of oil after the incident. List of oil spill response equipment to be maintained and prepared on board.(Removers, sprayer, oil absorbent, saw dust, sand, waste rags, scoop. Shovels, buckets, bamboo brooms, portable pump, protective clothing, portable containers.). The essence of the Plan is to avoid any possible oil leakage and oil pollution. Simply speaking, SOPEP should include such things as emergency contacts (telephone and other munication means, address etc), the equipment used in detailing with oil pollution, the muster list for oil pollution, the report procedure when the accident happens etc. SOPEP is pulsory on board most of the ships according to the ISM code.IOPP is the certificate for the vessel that is qualified for the requirements issued by the class on oil pollution prevention.SOPEP應該包括但不限于以下內容；一旦發(fā)生油污染船長和其它船員要遵守的程序。在溢油事件過程中，污染報告系統(tǒng)和要聯(lián)系的機構或人員包括電話等等。污染事件發(fā)生后，船上人員要立即采取行動去減少或控制油排放的詳細描述。船上要備有要求的防污染設備隨時可用（去油劑，噴霧劑，吸油劑，鋸末，沙，破布，鍬，鏟子，桶，竹掃把，移動泵，防護衣，可移動容器）計劃的本質就是去避免任何可能的漏油和溢油。簡單地說，SOPEP應該包括像應急聯(lián)系（電話和其它的通訊方法，地址等等），處理溢油所用的設備，溢油應變部署表，發(fā)生事故時的報告程序。根據(jù)ISM規(guī)則，SOPEP在大多數(shù)船上是強制要求的。當船舶符合防污染要求時，船舶會得到船級社簽發(fā)的IOPP證書。 30．Could you list international conventions concerning marine shipping? 您能列出有關海運的國際公約嗎？ There are many conventions. For example: SOLARS, STCW95, MARPOL73/78…..有許多公約。像。 31．If you found an oil spill in the sea, how would you react? 如果您在海上發(fā)現(xiàn)跑油，將如何作出反應？ Immediately report to the nearest petent port authority and take positive action to control the pollution and make an entry in the logbook. 立即報告最近的港口當局然后采取正確的行動去控制污染并將整個過 程記入LOGBOOK。 32．What is PSC inspection? Have you had inspection on board the ship? If you have, wh