【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 .注：where有時(shí)也可以省略。如：This is the place (where) we met yesterday.（3）why指原因或理由，它的先行詞只有：reason如：That is the reason why he is leaving so soon.注：why時(shí)常也可以省略。如：That is the real reason he quitted.使用關(guān)系副詞應(yīng)注意下列幾點(diǎn)：（1）三個(gè)關(guān)系副詞在意義上都相當(dāng)于一定的介詞+which結(jié)構(gòu)：when = on (in, at, during…) + which。where = in (at, on…) + which。why = for which. 如：I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived.The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor.This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it.（2）當(dāng)先行詞是表時(shí)間的time, day等和表地點(diǎn)的place, house等時(shí)，一定要注意分析從句的結(jié)構(gòu)，如果缺少主語或賓語時(shí)，關(guān)系詞應(yīng)該用which或that，缺少時(shí)間狀語或地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)，才能用when或where，試比較：I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated.I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer.His father works in a factory where radio parts are made.His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts.（3）when和where既可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。而why只能引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句。：（1）先行詞為all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much等不定代詞。（2）先行詞被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修飾時(shí)。（3）先行詞有形容詞最高級(jí)和序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。（4）先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)。（5）先行詞被the only, the very修飾時(shí)。（6）句中已經(jīng)用who或which時(shí)，為了避免重復(fù)。：（1）在非限制性定語從句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人。（2）在由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，只能用which指物（“介詞+ which”一般在定語從句中分別作時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因狀語，于是“介詞+ which”可以分別用when/where/why代替），whom指人。（3）先行詞本身是that時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用which，先行詞為those/one/he時(shí)多用who。★定語從句注意事項(xiàng)(1) whose的先行詞指物時(shí)，可用of which代替，但詞序不同，即whose+名詞=the +n + of which=of which + the + n.He lives in the room whose window faces south.= He lives in the room, the window of which faces south.=He lives in the room, of which the window faces south.(2)當(dāng)point, situation, case, condition, stage (階段)等詞作先行詞表示“情況，境地，場(chǎng)合”等意思時(shí)，用where引導(dǎo)定語從句，where在句中作狀語。如：I’ve e to the point where I can’t stand him.(3)先行詞是the way，意為“方式，方法”時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞用that/ in which或省略。如：I didn’t like the way (that / in which) she talked to me.考點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)句（1）用It is/ was…that/ who…句型表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分（通常是句子的主語、狀語、賓語或賓語補(bǔ)足語）放在is/ was的后面，如被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人，則后面可用who，whom等代替。 It was an old friend that/who he met in the park yesterday.（2）not … until … 句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型為：It is/ was not until + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that + 其它部分。如：普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.強(qiáng)調(diào)句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，till, until可通用，因?yàn)榫湫椭蠭t is/ was not… 已經(jīng)是否定句了，that后面的從句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。（3）謂語動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)It is/ was … that … 結(jié)構(gòu)不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語，如果需要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語時(shí)，用助動(dòng)詞do/ does或did。Do sit down. 請(qǐng)坐。He did write to you last week. 上周他確實(shí)給你寫了信。Do be careful when you cross the street. 過馬路時(shí)，務(wù)必（千萬）要小心??！注意：此種強(qiáng)調(diào)只用do/ does和did，沒有別的形式；過去時(shí)用did，后面的謂語動(dòng)詞用原形。（4）從句的強(qiáng)調(diào) ①強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語從句I came home late because it was raining hard. It was because it was raining hard that I came home late.（注意：被強(qiáng)調(diào)的原因狀語從句只能用because引導(dǎo)，不能用as或since引導(dǎo)）②強(qiáng)調(diào)主語從句What you said really made us sad. It was what you said that really made us sad.把“It, be, that”去掉，如果剩余部分句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍然完整（被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分要還原到原位置），那么這個(gè)句子就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句；如果句子不完整，則不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。如：(1) It is he who/ that often helps me with my English. (2) It is on the hillside that we plant trees every year. (3) It was because of bad weather that the football match had to be put off.分析：去掉It is/ was... that/ who 句子后結(jié)構(gòu)仍然完整，句意仍明確，都是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。(4) It was 9 o’clock when we came back.(5) It was 3 hours since we had e back.分析：在上面例句中若去掉It was... when / before / since等后，句子結(jié)構(gòu)就不完整，而且強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的后半句只能由that/who引導(dǎo)，所以不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。（1）句首詞用“It”，不能用“This”，“That”等。（2）若原句的謂語動(dòng)詞用了現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)，則用is；若原句的謂語動(dòng)詞用了過去時(shí)或過去完成時(shí)，則用was。（3）被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分如果是代詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語用主格，強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語用賓格。如：① It is him that / who / whom I met in the street yesterday. ② It is I who / that made that decision.（4）連接詞一般用that，當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人時(shí)，既可用that也可用who。特別注意當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是時(shí)間狀語或地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)，不能用when或where。如：It was on Oct 1st, 1949 that People’s Republic of China was founded.（5）主謂一致問題被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語要和 that后面的謂語動(dòng)詞在數(shù)上保持一致。（6） not… until 結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)： 強(qiáng)調(diào)“not…until”引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，要用“it is/was not until…that…”結(jié)構(gòu)，that后面的句子要用肯定式，且須用陳述句語序。如：We did not get off the