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)夏季during his childhood:在他童年時期②for用來表示一段時間for six years:六年之久for two months:有兩個月for ever:永遠 (3)表示其他時間概念的介詞有before,after,since,until,till,between,up to等(1)at,in,on,toat:①表示在小地方;②表示“在……附近,旁邊”in:①表示在大地方;②表示“在……范圍之內”。(比那座小山高三倍)4. The + size (length, height ...) of +A +be+ 倍數+ that + of +BThe height of this hill is four times that of that small one.這座山的高度是那座小山的四倍??键c如:The harder you work, the more progress you will make.。比較級和最高級的構成一般是在形容詞和副詞后加er和est,多音節(jié)和一些雙音節(jié)詞前加more和most;形容詞的最高級前面要加定冠詞the。both, all, each, none做主語同位語時,通常放在行為動詞的前面,be動詞、助動詞和情態(tài)動詞的后面。neither表示兩者否定;either表示“兩者中任何一個”,強調個體;both表示“兩者都”。that用來代替前面提到過的單數可數名詞或不可數名詞,不能和冠詞連用,其后常有修飾語。 other/ another??键c冠詞:用在單數可數名詞前,指一類人或事,相當于a kind of (A plane is a machine that can fly.);表示“每一,一”相當于every/one;用于人名前,表示不認識此人或與某名人有類似性質的人或事;用于quite/rather/many/half/what/such之后;用于so(as, too, how)+形容詞之后。名詞arms武器 waters水域 snows積雪 sands沙灘 works作品customs海關,關稅 times時代 papers文件,文獻;證明,證件 manners禮貌looks外表 brains頭腦,智力 greens青菜 ruins廢墟 experiences經歷(1)當名詞作定語時,幾乎總是用單數形式(即使在意義上是復數)。例如:shoe repairers修鞋的人 tooth brushes牙刷(2)sports, customs, arms, clothes, sales和accounts等作定語時,仍用復數形式。注意:a和an的用法區(qū)別,“以元音音素開頭的用an,以輔音音素開頭的用a”。代詞one/some/ any。 all/ both。代替可數名詞的復數時,用代詞those。all和none表示三者或三者以上。all和both與not連用表示部分否定。…as…以及not so (as)…as…和the same as。如:★直接使用比較級How beautiful she sings! I’ve never heard a better voice.= She has the best voice I’ve ever heard. any other +n. (單)★比較級+than + the other + n. (復) any of the other +n. (復)①She goes to school earlier than the other girls.②He works harder than any other student.③China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia.★比較級 + than + anything / anyone elseTom cared more for money than for anything else.★在比較句型中使用“no, never, nobody, nothing”+ 比較級等詞。常見倍數關系表達方法1. A+ be +倍數+ 形容詞(或副詞)的比較級+ than +BThis hall is five times bigger than our classroom.這個大廳比我們的教室大五倍。(比那座小山高三倍)考點on:表示毗鄰,接壤,“在……上面”。There are some flowers in front of the house.(房子前面有些花卉。動詞(1)may/might否定回答時可用can’t或mustn’t,表示“不可以,禁止”。should have done表示對過去行為的推測“本應該做而實際上沒有做某事”。She is leaving for Beijing.(2)現在進行時代替一般現在時,描繪更加生動。例:This type of TV sells well. The meat cuts easily.(3)deserve, need, require, stand, want等詞的后面可以用動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義。定語從句定語從句起了形容詞的作用,在句中修飾一個名詞或代詞。如:He is no longer the man that he used to be.This is no longer the dirty place (that) it used to be.(1)when 指時間,在從句中作時間狀語,它的先行詞通常有:time, day, morning, night, week, year 如:I still remember the time when I first became a college student.Do you know the date when Lincoln was born?注:when時??梢允÷?,特別是在某些句型和某些時間狀語中。where = in (at, on…) + which。(2)先行詞被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修飾時。(6)句中已經用who或which時,為了避免重復?!锒ㄕZ從句注意事項(1) whose的先行詞指物時,可用of which代替,但詞序不同,即whose+名詞=the +n + of which=of which + the + n.He lives in the room whose window faces south.= He lives in the room, the window of which faces south.=He lives in the room, of which the window faces south.(2)當point, situation, case, condition, stage (階段)等詞作先行詞表示“情況,境地,場合”等意思時,用where引導定語從句,where在句中作狀語。被強調的部分(通常是句子的主語、狀語、賓語或賓語補足語)放在is/ was的后面,如被強調的是人,則后面可用who,whom等代替。(3)謂語動詞的強調It is/ was … that … 結構不能強調謂語,如果需要強調謂語時,用助動詞do/ does或did。(4)從句的強調 ①強調狀語從句I came home late because it was raining hard. It was because it was raining hard that I came home late.(注意:被強調的原因狀語從句只能用because引導,不能用as或since引導)②強調主語從句What you said really made us sad. It was what you said that really made us sad.把“It, be, that”去掉,如果剩余部分句子結構仍然完整(被強調部分要還原到原位置),那么這個句子就是強調句;如果句子不完整,則不是強調句。(2)若原句的謂語動詞用了現在時或將來時,則用is;若原句的謂語動詞用了過去時或過去完成時,則用was。如:It was on Oct 1st, 1949 that People’s Republic of China was founded.(5)主謂一致問題被強調的主語要和 that后面的謂語動詞在數上保持一致。種類倒裝條件例句完全倒裝here, there, up, down, in, out, off, away等副詞開頭的句子表示強調Out rushed the children.表示地點的介詞短