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[高考英語]20xx年高考英語重點詞匯語法用法總結(jié)大全(編輯修改稿)

2025-04-19 02:55 本頁面
 

【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 詞、介詞短語、副詞、分詞、不定式),在句中狀語或定語300.1a great many+n.(pl.),當(dāng)此名詞前有限定詞如the ,these,those等,則用a great many of301.1系表結(jié)構(gòu) stay+adj. 一直保持某種狀態(tài)302.1only to do sth 這一結(jié)構(gòu)常作結(jié)果狀語,用以指隨即發(fā)生的意料之外的事,有“反而,卻”之意。303.1 advise(n. advice) “建議,忠告”304.1)advise+n./pron. 2)advise sb. (not) to do sth305.3)advise doing sth 4)advise sb.+clause(虛擬語氣)306.1the reason 與for連用表語從句只用that引導(dǎo)307.1used to:1.used not to +動詞原形=usedn’t to+動詞原形 308.did not use to+動詞原形=didn’t use to+動詞原形 1.used+主+to+動詞原形2.did+主+use to+動詞原形i.It seems to that…309.1seem It seems as if/though…i.There seems (to be)…310.1Seem,that和appear311.三詞后均可加形容詞、副詞、分詞等;312.appear,seem后可接to do ,而look后只加to be313.look后只可接as if引導(dǎo)的從句,不能接that 從句i.accept314. n./pron 接受……1.sb/sth+as+n./……視為,接受……2.thatclause 承認(rèn) 315.2worth與worthy1. of sth值得,配得上316.be worth+ be worthy + of being值得做a)doing 值得的 to be done值得做317.2 sb doing 使某人做某事,表動作一直進(jìn)行 i. sb do 使某人做某事,表動作完成或可能發(fā)生ii. sth to do 有某事要做,have意為“有,擁有”iii.d. have sth done 使某事被做,done表被動動作318.2表“許多大量”的幾個詞組:i.a great/good many b)a large/great/good number of +可數(shù)名詞 i.a good few/quite fewii.many aiii.a great/good deal ofiv.a large/great amount of +不可數(shù)名詞v.quite a little vi.a lot of/lots ofvii.a large/great quantity of +可數(shù)名詞或viii.large quantities of 不可數(shù)名詞ix.plenty ofx.2keep doing ,后跟狀態(tài)性動詞1.keep on doing ……,強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的重復(fù)xi.2It is…for sb to do sth1.It is…thatclausexii.2happenxiii.主(人)+happens+to doxiv.It(形主) +(so)happen +thatclausexv.2allow(vt.)xvi.a. allow+ 名/形 b. allow+含有不定式的復(fù)合賓語xvii.c. allow+動名詞 d. allow+sb.+介詞短語/副詞xviii.2連系動詞的分類:1.變化類:bee,go,get,grow,fall,turn ect.2.感官類:fell,smell,taste,look,sound ect.3.顯現(xiàn)類:appear,seem,look ect.4.狀態(tài)類:keep,stay,e,stand ect.xix.2though相當(dāng)于however ,用于句末。xx.動詞+to構(gòu)成的短語:xxi.look forward to盼望… turn to求助于,轉(zhuǎn)向xxii.pay attention to注意 stick to堅持xxiii.get down to開始認(rèn)干 object to反對xxiv.belong to屬于 refer to涉及,談到 xxv.point to指向 see to處理,料理xxvi.e to共計,蘇醒 reply to答復(fù)xxvii.agree to同意 add to增加c)devote…to…貢獻(xiàn)…給… pare…to…把…比作…319.高一下學(xué)期語法重難點集匯320.主謂一致a)主謂一致是指一個句子的主語和謂語動詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致關(guān)系。一個句子中主謂一致,通常指三個基本原則:語法一致,即形式上一致;概念一致,即概念或意念上的一致;毗鄰一致,即謂語動詞的形式與鄰近的名詞一致。b)語法一致原則i.在通常情況下,一個句子的主語和謂語在語法形式上保持一致。即主語為單數(shù)形式,謂語也為單數(shù)形式;主語為復(fù)數(shù)形式,謂語也為復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:1.This exercise on English idioms is not 。ii.在“there be”結(jié)構(gòu)中, “be”:1.There has been little change in this 。iii.“one of”結(jié)構(gòu),位于用單數(shù),“two of”結(jié)構(gòu)位于用復(fù)數(shù)iv.One of the things I want to do is 。v.Two of the boys have lost their way 。vi.倒裝句的主語在謂語之后,避免誤用。1.Never before has she been to Paris!她以前從未去過巴黎。c)概念一致i.主語是抽象概念、短語或從句,謂語用單數(shù)形式。如:ii.To tell lies is 。(不定式做主語)iii.Keeping the house is a tiring 。(動名詞做主語)iv.How this happened is not clear to anyone.(從句做主語)v.注意:321.用what或which引導(dǎo)的主語從句或簡單句中的數(shù)的概念取決于后面的表語,因為它們在邏輯上的意義是相同的。如:1.Which is your seat?你的座位是哪一個?a)Which are your seats?你們的座位是哪些?322.單個的分詞作主語,不定式作主語,以及主語從句,謂語都用單數(shù),若用連接上述的相同兩個成分,謂語才用復(fù)數(shù)。i.兩個或兩個以上的主語用and和both連接時,謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。ii.and連接的并列主語指同一人或同一樣?xùn)|西,and后的名詞前沒有冠詞,謂語用單數(shù);若有,則用復(fù)數(shù)。如:1.My best friend and adviser has changed his mind 。2.My friend and the student Sue are in the 。b)若and后面加not,謂語用單數(shù)。如:i.Lilei,and not I, has won the Lilei贏了比賽,而不是我。c)用and 連接的單數(shù)主語,前面有each,every,many a,no等詞修飾時,謂語用單數(shù)。d)復(fù)數(shù)主語前加each,謂語仍用復(fù)數(shù)。e)no后面名詞為單數(shù),謂語用單數(shù);后為復(fù)數(shù),謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。f)毗鄰一致1.由not only…but also,neither…nor…,either…or…,or 連接的并列主語,在肯定句中謂語變化取決于后面的餓主語,在疑問句中取決于前面的主語。如;2.Either he or I am 。3.Either he or you are to go 。g)(詳見高一下冊P155~P156)323.虛擬語氣1.虛擬語氣表示說話人的愿望、假設(shè)、猜測或建議,而不是事實。虛擬語氣是通過句中的謂語動詞的特殊形式來表現(xiàn)的,因此,掌握虛擬語氣中的各種謂語動詞的形式變化,是掌握虛擬語氣的關(guān)鍵。b)虛擬語氣在簡單句中的用法1.虛擬語氣用于簡單句中,一般表示祝愿、命令等。謂語動詞要用原形。c)虛擬語氣在主從復(fù)合句中的用法1.在狀語從句中的用法ii.條件句中的用法 iii.虛擬語氣的條件句是用謂語動詞的特殊形式來表現(xiàn)與現(xiàn)在、過去事實相反的情況或?qū)戆l(fā)生的情況表示懷疑,和直陳語氣條件句中的謂語動詞形式以及表達(dá)的含義完全不同。虛擬語氣條件句中所用的謂語動詞的過去時、過去完成時、過去將來時等,只表示不同的虛擬語氣,和直陳語氣的過去時、過去完成時、過去將來時等毫無關(guān)系。iv.現(xiàn)將虛擬語氣的各種具體形式和用法分述如下;a)表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況d)①形式324.條件從句的動詞形式325.主句的動詞形式326.If I (we,you,he,she,it,they)+行為動詞的過去式(be的過去式一般用were)327.I (we) should328.You (he,she , +動詞原形或:329.they,it ) would330.所有人稱+might(could)+動詞原形331.②用法:a)If I had more time, I should study German.(fact:I have no more time, so I shall not study German. )(b)If she were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon.(fact:she is very busy, so she will not attend the meeting this afternoon.)c)If they didn’t take physical exercises every day, they wouldn’t be so healthy.(fact: they take physical exercises every day, so they are very healthy.)a)表示與過去誓死相反的情況d)①形式;332.條件從句的動詞形式333.主句的動詞形式334.If I (we,you,he,she,it,they)+had+過去分詞335.I (we) should336.You (he,she , +have+過去分詞或:337.they,it ) would 338.所有人稱+could(might)+have+過去分詞339.②用法:a)I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday’s examination.(fact:I had no more time at yesterday’s exam, so I didn’t check my paper again)b)You would have already recovered from his illness if he had seen the doctor in good time.(fact: He didn’t see the doctor in good time ,so he hasn’t recovered from his illness ) a)表示與將來事實相反的情況340.①形式:341.條件從句的動詞形式342.主句的動詞形式343.If I (we,you,he,she,it,they)+行為動詞的過去式(be的過去式一般用were)通常要與一個表將來的時間的狀語連用344.If (we,you,he,she,it,they)+should345.+動詞原形346.c. If I (we,you,he,she,it,they)+were to+動詞原形347.I (we) should348.You would +動詞原形或:349.he(she,it ) would 350.they would351.I (we,you,he,she,it,they)+could(might)+動詞原形352.②用法:a)If it rains tomorrow, our piic will be put off.(The weather has been changeab
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