【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 her made me go out of the classroom. I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher). 4) 主動形式表示被動意義 如 wash, clean, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等動詞雖然用做主動形式卻表示被動的意義。例如： The food tastes good. 對非謂語動詞的考點是：感官動詞后不定式作賓語補足語和動詞 ing形式作賓語補足語的用法；一些特殊動詞的動詞不定式作賓語補足語時不帶 to，但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時就要帶 to；有些動詞既可接不定式也可接動 詞 ing形式作賓語，但表達的意思不同。這些都是歷年中考的重點。 （ 1）非謂語動詞的形式 非謂語動詞指的是在句中起名詞，形容詞或副詞作用的動詞形式，而不是作謂語的動詞形式。 動詞的非謂語形式分為動名詞，分詞，動詞不定式。 （ 2）不定式作賓語補足語 Father will not allow us to play on the street. （ 3）不定式作目的狀語 He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. （ 4）用不定式和分詞作補足語都可以的動詞 這樣 的動詞有感官動詞如： see, hear, look, notice, observe, feel等，使役動詞如： have, make, leave, keep, get等。接不定式表示動作的完整性，真實性； +doing 表示動作的連續(xù)性，進行性。 I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看見他在花園里干活了。 (強調(diào) 我看見了 這個事實 ) I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（強調(diào) 我見他正干 活這個動作） 昨天我見他正在花園里干活。 （ 5）用不帶 to不定式的情況 使役動詞如： let, have, make等和感官動詞如： see, watch, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作賓補，省略 to。在被動語態(tài)中則 to不能省掉。 （ 6）接動名詞與不定式意義不同 1) stop to do 停止，中斷做某事后去做另一件事。 stop doing 停止做某事。 2) fet to do 忘記要去做某事。 (未做 ) fet doing 忘記做過某事。 (已做 ) 3) remember to do 記得去做某事 (未做 ) remember doing 記得做過某事 (已做 ) 4) try to do 努力，企圖做某事。 try doing 試驗，試著做某事。 5) go on to do 做了一件事后，接著做另一件事。 go on doing 繼續(xù)做原來做的事。 6) mean to do 打算、想 mean doing 意味著 4. 容易混淆的常用動詞的辨析 (1) say, speak, talk, tell 的用法。 1) say 表示講話，作為及物動詞使用，后跟賓語或賓語從句。 He said he would go there. It39。s time to leave. We have to say goodbye to you. 2)speak 表示 “講話 ”，一般作為不及物動詞使用，而有時作為及物動詞后面跟上各種語言作為賓語。 Do you speak English? May I speak to Mr Pope, please? 3) talk 表示 “談話 ”，是不及物動詞，與 to , about, with 等連用，才可以接賓語。 What are you talking about? Mr Jackson is talking with my father in the office now. 4) tell 表示 “告訴，講述 ”是及物動詞，可以帶雙賓語或復(fù)合賓語。 She told us an interesting story yesterday. My teacher told me that we would have an English exam the next month. (2) look, see, watch 和 watch 的用法。 1) look 強調(diào) “看 ”這個動作，是不及物動詞，常與 at 連用，然后接賓語。 Look! The girl is swimming in the lake. Look at the picture carefully. Can you find something unusual? 2) see 指 “看見 ”某物，強調(diào)的是結(jié)果。 They can39。t see the words on the blackboard. Does Lily often go to see a film on Sunday? 3) watch 指的是 “觀看 ”， “注視 ”之意。 The twins are watching TV now. He will go to watch a volleyball match. 4） read 指 “看書 ”、 “看報 ”、 “閱讀 ”之意。 Don39。t read in the sun. I like to read newspapers when I am free. (3) borrow, lend 和 keep 的區(qū)別。 1) borrow 意 思為 “借入 ”，常常與 from 連用，是非延續(xù)性動詞，表示瞬間即能完成的動作。 Meimei borrowed a book from the library just now. May I borrow your dictionary? 2) lend 是 “借出 ”之意，常常與 to 連用，同 borrow 一樣，是非延續(xù)性動詞，只表示瞬間即能完成的動作。 Uncle Wany has lent his car to Mr Li. Could you lend us your radio, please? 3) keep 是 “保存 ”的意思，動作可以延續(xù)。 How long can the recorder be kept? The farmer kept the pat for two weeks. (4) bring, take, carry 和 get 的用法。 1) bring 意思為 “拿來 ”、 “帶來 ”。指將某物或某人從別處 “帶來 ”。 Bring me the book, please. May I bring Jim to see you next Saturday? 2) take 意思是 “拿走 ”， “帶走 ”，把某物或某人 從這里 “帶來 ”或 “拿到 ”某處之意。 It looks like rain. Take a raincoat with you. Mother took the little girl to the next room. 3) carry 是 “帶著、搬運、攜帶 ”的意思，指隨身攜帶，有背著、扛著、抱著、提著的含義，不表明來去的方向。 Do you always carry a handbag? The box is heavy. Can you carry it? 4) get 是去某處將某物拿回來。 Please go to my office to get some chalk. There is no water in the bottle. Why not get some? (5) wear, put on 和 dress 的區(qū)別 1) wear 是 “穿著 ”“戴著 ”的意思，可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽子、戴手套、佩戴首飾等，強調(diào) “穿著 ”的狀態(tài)。 Tom always wears black shoes. He wears a raincoat even when it is fine. She doesn39。t like to wear a red flowers in her hair. 2) put on 是 “穿上 ”“戴上 ”的意思，可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽等。著重于穿戴的動作。 It39。s cold. You39。d better put on your coat. He put on his hat and went out of the room. 3) dress 可以作及物動詞和不及物動詞，有 “穿著 ”“打扮 ”的意思。作 “穿著 ”解時，只用于穿衣服，不用于穿鞋、戴帽、戴手套。作為及物動詞用時，它的賓語是人，不是衣服。dress sb. （給某人穿衣服），而 wear 作 “穿著 ”用時，也是及物動詞，但它的賓語是物，不是人，即 wear sth.（穿著衣物）。 She always dresses well. Get up and dress quickly. Mary is dressing her child. (6) take, spend 和 use 的用法。 1) take指做某事用多少時間，句型是： It takes/took/ will take + sb. +some time + to do sth. It took me three days to finish the work. It will take you a while week to travel thought the forest. It takes only one hour to fly to Shanghai. 2) spend 指某人在某事（物）上花費時間或錢。句型是： Someone spends + money/time + on something(in) doing sth. She spent more than 500 yuan on that coat. He didn39。t spend much time on his lessons. He spent much time (in) correcting students39。 exercises. Mother spent her evenings (in) washing clothes. 3) use 表示使用工具、手段等。 Do you know how to use the puter? Shall we use your car? (7)reach, get 和 arrive 的區(qū)別。 1) reach 是及物動詞，后面要直接跟表示地點的名詞作賓語。 After the train had left, they reached the station We reached the top of the mountain at last. 2) get 是不及動詞，常與 to 連用，再接名詞，后面接表示地點的副詞時，不用 to， get to 常用于口語中。 When the students got to the cinema, the film had begun. My sister was cooking when mother got home. 3) arrive 是不及物動詞，表示到達一個小地方時，用 arrive at, 到達一個大地方時用 arrive in。 The soldiers arrived at a small village The foreigners will arrive in Shanghai tomorrow. 2021 屆中考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)四：數(shù)詞、冠詞考點講解和訓(xùn)練 【考點直擊】 a 與 an 的用法 the 的用法 3.零 冠詞 用法 【名師點睛】 一 . 冠詞的用法 冠詞是虛詞，放在名詞之前，用來說明名詞指的人或事物。冠詞有兩種。 A(an)叫不定冠詞， the 叫定冠詞。 A 用在輔音之前， an 用在元音之前。 1. 不定冠詞的用法 (1) a 和 an 均用在單數(shù)名詞之前，表示某一類人或事物。例如： John is a student. Mary is an English teacher. (2) 指某一類人或事物中的任何一個。例如 : A steel worker makes steel. Pass me an apple, please. (3) 指某人或某物，但不具體說明何人或和物。例如： A student wants to see you. A girl is waiting for you outside. (4) 表示 “每一 ”的意思，相當于 every。例如： Take the medicine three times a day. They go to see their parents once a week. 2. 定冠詞用法 (1) 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。例如： The book