【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ed. || We live in a narrowed world where we must be alert, awake to realism。 and realism demands a standard, which either must be met, or result in failure. || These are hard words, but they are brutally true. If we deprive our children of the right to fail we deprive them of their knowledge of the world as it is. Translate the following Chinese into English: 1. 當(dāng)今的大學(xué)生，盡管他們努力希望使自己成才，但對(duì)末來還是很模糊的 。(establish oneself) ，就不能實(shí)現(xiàn)他的自我價(jià)值。所以，理想的本科教育必須使用使學(xué)生超越自我。 （ transcend） 3. 我們強(qiáng)烈希望在大學(xué)所學(xué)到的知識(shí)在今后的工作中能起到重要的作用 。（ reveal oneself） 4. 四年的本科學(xué)習(xí)班是走向成功生活的唯一道路，這種說法是無法接受的 。 (go unchallenged) ，如果只是相信所謂專家的意見而不相信自己，不根據(jù)調(diào)查的結(jié)果、不根 據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)、那是冒險(xiǎn)。 （ run the risk of。 blind faith in） ，他們能團(tuán)結(jié)一致相互學(xué)習(xí)，積極參加四化建設(shè) 。（ band together。 participate in） ，它培養(yǎng)出平的學(xué)生不僅要有扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)和熟練的專業(yè)技能，還要有奉獻(xiàn)精神 。（ be to endure。 mit oneself） 8. 如果大學(xué)生對(duì)考試過于投入就可能把能力與奉獻(xiàn)放到次要的地位，這樣說一點(diǎn)也不過分。 (push to the fringes) 9. 我甚至沒有跟他說話，當(dāng)然更不用說與他討論有關(guān)你們學(xué)校的改建的問題 。(much less) 10. 有人認(rèn)為考試是很重要的，但也有人認(rèn)為考試有不少弊端。所以考試留下了一個(gè)未能解決的問題 考試對(duì)教育有什么影響？ （ open question) 1. petence n. = being able to do sth well, ability 能力 / have petence for /as /in sth || have petence in doing sth || petence to do sth .: The mittee has no actual petence in criminal matters. / No one doubts her petence as a teacher. / No one doubts her petence in solving the problem. // petent adj. petent as /at / in sth || petent to do sth . She is not petent to look after young children / He is a highly petent driver. 2. mitment (to sth or to do sth ) n. [C] the hard work and loyalty that sb. gives to an anization activity 承擔(dān)的義務(wù) , 承諾： mitment to sth || mitment to do sth .: We must honour our mitments to small nations. / He has taken on too many mitments. / We made a mitment to pay our bills on time. 3. Ernest Boyer: a former Commissioner of Education in USA. In the article, Ernest Boyer discusses a lot of problems about higher education in the US and he also tells us how to solve these problems Ernest Boyer is sure that undergraduate education can make a difference in the intellectual and personal lives of its students. adj. = 意義含糊的 , 有歧義的， .: He kept making ambiguous remarks instead of straightforward yesorno replies. || ambiguousness n. / ambiguity n. 5. devote oneself/ sth to:= 為某人、某事（付出時(shí)間、精力等） .: devote ourselves to our study. Here to is a preposition. Pay attention to the following prepositional to: acceptable to / according to / accustomed to / adequate to / adjust to / admit to / approach to / attach to / pay attention to / attribute to / belong to / close to / contrary to contribute to / devote to / due to / equal to / exception to / inferior to / look forward to / married to / native to / necessary to / next to / opposed to / preferable to / prior to / refer to / related to / relevant to / solution to / stick to / subject to / take to / thanks to || Pay attention to the phrase be devoted to sth/ sb, in which devoted is an adjective meaning loving or loyal. 6. establish themselves (in sth /as sth)= place sb/oneself in a position, office, etc, usu. on a permanent basis. 使某人任職，使某人成為，安頓 .: He has established himself as the leading candidate in the election. / He has now fortably established in his new house. / The manager established (安排 ) his relatives in the best jobs. 7. admitted to (to is a preposition): confess。 recognize or acknowledge sth as true, often reluctantly: 承認(rèn)、坦白 .: He admitted to the murder. / He admitted to having taken the money. / The Vice President admitted to taking bribes. / A quarter of workers admitted to taking time off when they were not ill. // . admit of: make it possible for sth., to happen or to be true 留有 ...的余地 .: The price quoted will not admit of any allowance. / His conduct admits of no plain. / The word admits of no other meaning in this case. are torn by idealism of service on the one hand, and on the other, the temptation of retreat into a world that never rises above selfinterest = Ideally, they would like jobs which serve other people, but on the other hand they are also attracted by careers which will serve their own interest. // be torn by： be tortured and puzzle by .: There are still quite a few nations torn by civil war or riots. / The party was torn by two factions. // It may also means: feel very worried, guilty, anxious, etc. because one is affected by a strong emotion or feeling.（感 情上）感到擔(dān)心、內(nèi)疚、焦慮 .: I was torn by conflicting impulses. / Her heart was torn by anxiety. || rise above 超出 ...之上，克服（缺點(diǎn)、困難 )： succeed in what you are doing without being affected by it .: Mate raised above all the trouble at home and did well in her classes. / Mike had risen above his limiting social position and made it as a successful businessman. / A woman who can rise above such disadvantages is clearly exceptional experience = undergraduate education 10. Reinhold Niebuhr: An American theologian （神學(xué)家） (18921971) 11. Man cannot behold except he be mitted. = People cannot realize their own potential unless they devote themselves to society. // behold (old use)= see, realize // except = unless .: Except a man be born again, he cannot see the Kingdom of God. 12. the idealism of the undergraduate experience = the perfect or ideal collegiate education (As undergraduates, students often have views which are idealistic and perhaps not very practical.) 13. hardedged adj. = tough n. = uprightness, honesty, being unprejudiced 誠實(shí)、正直 15. civility n. [C], [U] = politeness 禮貌 // .: civil adj. 公民的、文職的 .: civil law, civil right / the Civil Service 行政機(jī)關(guān)、公務(wù)員 .: She works in the Civil Service. / civic adj. 市鎮(zhèn)的、公民身份的 .: civic responsibility / civilian n. [C] 老百姓 .: Two civilians were killed in the explosion. / civilize vt. 使（某人、某物文