【文章內容簡介】 牟尼的左側，為大弟子摩訶珈葉，在這次“不語說法”中，惟有他懂得了佛的真正用意，從而破顏微笑，后來被推為釋迦牟尼的十大弟子之一，中國禪宗推崇他為印度傳承的第一代祖師。右側站像為大弟子阿難，他博聞強記，被稱為“多聞第一”，中國禪宗又推他為在印度傳承佛法的第二代祖師。珈葉左側為文殊菩薩，右持經書，《般若經》，以知識淵博，聰明智慧著稱；阿難右側為普賢菩薩，手持如意鉤，德行圓滿，功過無邊，以“行愿”著稱。釋迦牟尼佛與文殊，普賢菩薩，合稱為“釋迦三圣”，這是三尊明代泥塑造像作品。東西侍立的是兩尊供養(yǎng)天人，手持鮮花，體態(tài)嬌娜，也稱“散花天女”。在大佛講經時，供養(yǎng)天人在高高的天上，紛紛散花，“天花亂墜”一詞由此而來。大佛殿東南角懸掛的是一口明代大鐘，由太監(jiān)黃錦所鑄，重二千五百斤。據(jù)說白馬寺內原來還有一口大鐘，每當月白風清之夜，更深人靜之時，僧人敲擊，鐘聲四野傳響，經久不絕，可遠聞數(shù)十里。更奇妙的是，只要這口大鐘一響，遠在二十五里之外的洛陽老城鐘樓上的大鐘，也會應聲而和，老城鐘樓上的大鐘一響，白馬寺的大鐘也立刻響起來，這就是“馬寺鐘聲”，為“洛陽八大景”之一，也稱“夜半鐘”，是白馬寺六景之一。殿西南角為大法鼓。這里的鐘、鼓都是僧人們進行佛事活動時所敲打的樂器。大佛殿內后部，這尊面向北方的坐像，為觀世音菩薩，由于背對大佛，又稱“倒坐觀音”?，F(xiàn)在我們看到的是第三重大殿大雄殿。大雄殿，本為元代所重建，明、清時重修。殿門外東側壁間，嵌有宋代重立的《摩騰入漢靈異記》刻石，畢無說它“字體絕類《圣教序》，北宋人書，猶有晉唐風格，良可愛也?！贝丝淌涊d了漢明帝修建齊云塔的起始原委。殿內天棚上。畫有鮮艷的蓮花圖案；殿中央，這個巨大的木雕貼金雙層佛龕，精雕細刻，金碧輝煌 ，看起來十分壯觀。在上層龕額正中，浮雕著一只大鵬金翅鳥，鳥吻人身。在鵬金翅鳥的兩邊，還各浮雕有三條龍。佛教傳說，大鵬金翅鳥最喜歡吃龍，龍萬般無奈，只好找如來佛“告狀”，如來佛即從所披袈裟之上抽出一束絲，用一根絲覆蓋一條龍。從此，龍受到如來佛的保護，不再擔心受大鵬鳥之害了。如來佛又運用神通，讓供品變化的無限多，用供品代龍，滿足了大鵬金翅鳥的要求，解決了雙方的矛盾，龍、鳥皆大歡喜。佛龕上的圖案，大概就源于這個佛教傳說故事吧。佛龕內的三尊主佛，皆盤雙膝坐于蓮花寶座中，正中為釋迦牟尼，尊稱“大雄”，即像大勇士那樣神通廣大，法力無邊。，整個形象給人以無限莊嚴、圣潔、恬靜之感。釋迦左側為東方“凈琉璃世界”的藥師佛，右側為西方“極樂世界”的阿彌陀佛。這三尊佛形制、風格大體相同。三主佛之前，左右相對而站的是韋馱、韋力二位“護法神”。殿內兩側供置十八羅漢，這一組十八羅漢，都是坐像，形態(tài)各異，—。西側有一尊羅漢，頭戴花冠，上衣下裙，完全是一位端莊、嫻雅的女性形象，而其余十七尊則削發(fā)光頂。有些游人就把他們戲稱為十八羅漢一枝花。河南洛陽白馬寺導游詞篇七friends:today, i39。m going to show you a famous tourist attraction in luoyang baimatemple. baima temple is located about 12 kilometers east of luoyang city. it isclose to mangshan mountain in the north and luoshui river in the south. it hastowering pagodas, towering halls, long forests and ancient trees. not far to theeast, the ancient city wall of hazelnut groves still meanders on the yiluo plainintermittently, drawing out the grand outline of kyoto, a great power in thepast. that is the former site of luoyang city in the eastern han dynasty.baima temple was founded in the 11th year of yongping (ad 68) of theeastern han dynasty. it is the first temple officially established by thegovernment after buddhism was introduced into china. it is the first bodhitaoist temple for buddhism originated from the south asian subcontinent toprosper and develop in the vast land of china. therefore, it has always beencalled shiyuan and zuting by the buddhist circles. shiyuan is thebirthplace of buddhism, zuting is the courtyard of the founder. it has playedan important role in the spread and development of buddhism in china, in thepromotion of ideological and cultural exchanges between china and foreigncountries, and in the development of friendship among the people of allcountries. in 1961, the state council announced that baima temple was the firstbatch of national key cultural relics protection units. in 1983, the statecouncil announced that baima temple is the key temple of chinese buddhism inchina. not long ago, on june 2, __, baima temple was designated as a national 4ascenic spot by the national tourism administration.baima temple was founded in the eastern han dynasty. it was destroyed forthe first time when dong zhuo burned luoyang. then it rose and fell. at the timeof wu zetian, xue huaiyi, who was in charge of the construction, reached itspeak. the most recent largescale renovation was carried out in 1972 to weleprince sihanouk of cambodia with the instruction of premier zhou.the existing baima temple is a rectangular courtyard facing south, with atotal area of about 60000 square meters. there is a wide square in front of thedoor. the main buildings in the temple are distributed on the central axis fromsouth to north. there are five main halls in front and behind, which aretianwang hall, great buddha hall, daxiong hall and pilu pavilion. on the eastand west sides, there are bell, drum tower, zhaitang, hakka hall, zen hall,ancestral hall, sutra collection pavilion, magic weapon pavilion and otherancillary buildings, which are symmetrical and well arranged. the two stonehorses in front of the mountain gate are meters high and meters long,with gentle image and round carving. you may ask, are these two horses relatedto the founding history of baima temple?on the foundation of baima temple, the most popular saying is baimatuojing. according to records in guan39。s buddhist books, one night in theseventh year of yongping in the eastern han dynasty, emperor liu zhuang (the sonof liu xiu) spent the night in nangong. he dreamed that a golden man, who wassix feet tall and shining on his head, came from the west and flew around thepalace. the next morning, emperor hanming summoned his ministers and told themthe dream. doctor fu yi said: i heard that there is a god in the west, andpeople call it buddha, just as you dream. after hearing this, emperor han andming believed it, so he sent more than ten ministers, such as cai yin and qinjing, to the western regions to pray for buddhist scriptures and dharma. in ad65, cai yin and others bid farewell to the imperial capital and embarked on thejourney of seeking scriptures from the west. in dayue kingdom (now afghanistanto central asia), i met indian eminent monks, such as shemoteng and zhufalan. imet buddhist sutras and white felt statues of sakyamuni buddha. i sincerelyinvited the two eminent monks to go to china to preach buddhism. in the tenthyear of yongping (ad 67), two indian eminent monks were invited to carrybuddhist scriptures and statues on white horses together with envoys of theeastern han dynasty to luoyang. emperor hanming was very happy to see thebuddhist scriptures and statues. he was very polite to the two eminent monks. hepersonally received them and arranged for them to stay in honglu temple, theofficial office in charge of foreign affairs at that time. in 68 ., emperorhan and ming ordered the construction of monasteries in the north of sanliyuroad outside xiyong gate in luoyang. in memory of the white horse carryingscripture, it was named white horse temple. the word si es from the wordsi in honglu temple. later, the word temple became a general term forchinese temples.when it es to baima temple, many