【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 one of the wonders of nature that just about any of us can witness.While a few organisms can produce bioluminescent light outside of the oceans（think fireflies）, most of the bioluminescence going on is in salt water. In fact, the vast majority of bioluminescent organisms evolved in order to provide light in deep sea marine ecosystems—either to light up prey or as a warning against predators（捕食者）—far below sunlight39。s reach into the water column.Humans have been putting natural bioluminescence to work for a while—19th century coal miners would trap fireflies（instead of openflame candles or lanterns that could cause explosion）in jars to light their way. But nowadays researchers are hard at work synthesizing（合成）the chemical reactions behind bioluminescence for a range of modemday applications.Using bioluminescence to help cure disease is a big focus of some biomedical research panies, given the promise of using heatfree organic light to detect metastasizing（轉(zhuǎn)移的） cancer cells, stem cells, viruses or bacteria within living tissue. The military also has big hopes for applying the chemical reactions of bioluminescence to create light that won39。t cause the heatseeking sensory equipment of the enemy whether on land，at sea or in the sky. Some other practical applications of bioluminescence include an effort to connect genes from bioluminescent organisms into trees that would light up when the sun sets.While none of these “technologies” is yet ready to bee mainstream, it39。s good to know that the future looks bright.12. What exactly causes biolunninescence?A. Heat energy. B. Chemical reaction. C. Salt water. D. Living organism.13. Why did miners use fireflies instead of lanterns in the 19th century to light up?A. To ensure safety. B. To seek fort.C. To provide convenience D. To save money14. What may bioluminescence help to be used as?A. The heatseeking sensory equipment B. A simple cure for all kinds of diseases.C. An allnatural alternative to street lights. D. An effective viruskiller within living tissues.15. What is implied in the last paragraph?A. The good and bright future should be ours.B. Bioluminescence is widely used in our life.C. The technologies are good enough to apply.D. The search is on for the use of organic light sources.【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了關(guān)于生物發(fā)光的研究以及其應(yīng)用?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Bioluminescence, unlike other sources of light（the sun, fire, light bulbs）, which produce energy from heat, is defined as “the emission of light from living organisms（such as fireflies and bacteria）as the result of internal chemical reactions”.”（與其他光源(太陽、火、燈泡)不同，生物發(fā)光是生物體(如螢火蟲和細(xì)菌)內(nèi)部化學(xué)反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的光發(fā)射）可知，化學(xué)反應(yīng)導(dǎo)致了生物發(fā)光。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“19th century coal miners would trap fireflies（instead of openflame candles or lanterns that could cause explosion）in jars to light their way. ”（19世紀(jì)的煤礦工人們用罐子誘捕螢火蟲(而不是可能導(dǎo)致爆炸的明火蠟燭或燈籠)來照亮他們的道路。）可知，用螢火蟲不會(huì)發(fā)生爆炸，保證安全。故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Some other practical applications of bioluminescence include an effort to connect genes from bioluminescent organisms into trees that would light up when the sun sets.”（生物發(fā)光的其他一些實(shí)際應(yīng)用包括努力將生物發(fā)光生物體的基因與樹木連接起來，這樣當(dāng)太陽落山時(shí)，它們就能發(fā)光。）可知，將生物發(fā)光運(yùn)用在樹中，當(dāng)太陽落山后，樹木可以發(fā)光代替路燈使用。故選C。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“While none of these “technologies” is yet ready to bee mainstream, it39。s good to know that the future looks bright.”（雖然這些“技術(shù)”還沒有準(zhǔn)備好成為主流，但很高興看到未來是光明的。）可知，生物發(fā)光的研究正在進(jìn)行中。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。How To Recover From OvereatingNear everyone has over indulged（放縱）in good food at least once and has experienced the resulting abdominal disfort. ___16___ They can impair your ability to focus on your work and other everyday tasks. Unfortunately putting life on hold because you39。re paying the price for your indulgences isn39。t an option. There are several ways you can relieve the symptoms and recover from overeating.___17___While you might want to save yourself for your big lunch , it39。s wiser to have a light healthy breakfast so you39。re not tempted to eat more than you should when the big meal arrives.Start with waterInstead of tucking into a heavy starter, down a tall glass of water. ___18___Listen to your stomachFrequently asking yourself “Am I full?” can sometimes immediately put thing into perspective. Often times，we mindlessly eat without paying attention to what our bods is trying to tell us. ___19___ But they ignore the messages their bodies are sending.Slow down___20___ Slowing down and taking time to focus on the food itself however. （how it tastes, temperature, etc）can sometimes help calm the desire to overeat. This type of mindful eating has bee a wellknown technique for easing overconsumption, suggested by phystcians. celebrities and chefs alike.So next time you find yourself feeling a little overstuffed keep these points in mind so that it doesn39。t bee a bigger problem.A. Don39。t starve yourself.B. Pig out your breakfast.C. Overeating involves consuming food very quickly.D. This will help you feel full and stop you overeating.E. It will cause pain, gas, indigestion and other symptoms.F. Lay off the food for a while, but go ahead and drink water.G. Overeaters typically keep consuming long after their stomachs are full.【答案】16. E 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. C【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述的是幾乎每個(gè)人都有過至少一次過度享受美食的經(jīng)歷，并經(jīng)歷過由此導(dǎo)致的腹部不適。它會(huì)引起疼痛、脹氣、消化不良和其他癥狀。它們會(huì)削弱你專注于工作和其他日常任務(wù)的能力。本文提出了幾種方法可以緩解這些癥狀?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上一句“Near everyone has over indulged（放縱）in good food at least once and has experienced the resulting abdominal disfort. (幾乎每個(gè)人都有過至少一次過度享受美食的經(jīng)歷，并經(jīng)歷過由此導(dǎo)致的腹部不適。)”和下一句“They can impair your ability to focus on your work and other everyday tasks.(它們會(huì)削弱你專注于工作和其他日常任務(wù)的能力。)”可知此處應(yīng)描述腹部不適的癥狀，因此E項(xiàng)“它會(huì)引起疼痛、脹氣、消化不良和其他癥狀?！狈衔囊?，承上啟下，故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】本空位于小標(biāo)題的位置，結(jié)合其他小標(biāo)題特點(diǎn)可知，應(yīng)是動(dòng)詞原形開頭的祈使句式，結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容“While you might want to save yourself for your big lunch , it39。s wiser to have a light healthy breakfast so you39。re not tempte