【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ce avatars (虛擬頭像) when Horstmann took a long look at the ”Mona Lisa and realized she wasn39。t looking at him. To make sure it wasn39。t just him, the researchers asked 24 people to view images of the “ Mona Lisa on a puter screen They set a ruler between the viewer and the screen and asked the participants to note which number on the ruler intersected Mona Lisa’s gaze. To calculate the angle of Mona Lisa’s gaze as she looked at the viewer, they moved the ruler farther from or closer to the screen during the study. Consistently, the researchers found, participants judged that?the woman in the “Mona Lisa” portrait was not looking straight at them, but slightly off to their right.So why do people repeat the belief that her eyes seem to follow the viewer? Horstmann isn’t sure. It’s possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. Or maybe the people who first coined the term “Mona Lisa effect” just thought it was a cool name..8. What is generally believed about the woman in the painting “Mona Lisa”?A. She attracts the viewers to look back.B. She seems mysterious because of her eyes.C. She fixes her eyes on the back of the viewers.D. She looks at the viewers wherever they stand.9. What gaze range in a painting will cause the Mona Lisa effect?A. B. C. D. 10. Why was the experiment involving 24 people conducted?A. To confirm Horstmann39。s beliefB. To create artificialintelligence avatarsC. To calculate the angle of Mona Lisa’s gazeD. To explain how the Mona Lisa effect can be applied11. What can we learn from the text?A Horstmann thinks it’s cool to coin the term Mona Lisa effect”B. The Mona Lisa effect contributes to the creation of artificial intelligence.C. Feeling being gazed at by Mona Lisa may be caused by the desire for attentionD. The position of the ruler in the experiment will influence the viewers39。 judgment【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章通過解析達(dá)芬奇的名畫蒙娜麗莎給人的誤解，來進(jìn)一步解釋了人們注視對方時(shí)的角度影響著被注視人的感覺。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“It39。s mon knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci39。s most famous painting seems to look back at observers, following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room.”（人們通常認(rèn)為，達(dá)芬奇名畫蒙娜麗莎似乎在回視著觀察者，無論他們站在屋里的什么地方），可知，蒙娜麗莎給人的感覺是，人們在注視她的同時(shí)，她也在看著人們。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“As long as the angle of the person39。s gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the Mona Lisa effect occurs.”（只要這個(gè)人凝視的視角在任何兩邊不超過5度，那么蒙娜麗莎的效應(yīng)就會(huì)發(fā)生），可知，左右5度的范圍是蒙娜麗莎效應(yīng)發(fā)生的視角條件，B圖符合句意。故選B。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“To make sure it wasn39。t just him, the researchers asked 24 people to view images of the “ Mona Lisa on a puter screen ”（為了確認(rèn)不只是他有這樣的感覺，他邀請了24個(gè)人去看電腦屏幕上的蒙娜麗莎圖像），可知，他用24個(gè)人去做實(shí)驗(yàn)，只是為了驗(yàn)證自己的想法。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“It’s possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them.”（他說，很可能是人們有被注視的渴望，所以他們認(rèn)為這個(gè)女人在看著他們），可知，大多數(shù)人覺得蒙娜麗莎看著自己，其實(shí)都是自己的錯(cuò)覺。故選C。【點(diǎn)睛】DResearchers from the Water, Peace and Security partnership(WPS) have announced the creation of a global forecasting tool that can predict where conflicts arising from water insecurity are most likely to break out. The system uses artificial intelligence to create patterns from a wide rage of geographical and socioeconomic data and can identify potential conflict hotspots up to a year in advance.Susan Schme, a senior lecturer at Delft Institute for Water Education, which leads the WPS, explains predicting these types of conflicts isn39。t as simple as it might first appear. It isn39。t simply a case of conflicts increasing every time a water security incident occurs. Several regional and cultural factors also play a part, making prediction difficult.The researchers test ran the AI tool in Mali. They found that it predicted more than threequarters of the waterrelated conflicts there. To achieve this, the system is fed with a variety of data. First there39。s the natural side of thingsso rainfall data, soil moisture and many other natural factors, explains Schme. This enables it to identify areas where availability of water is likely to bee a concern.“Then we also look at vulnerability in terms of socioeconomic and political developmentsanything from a regime type to the state of development in a region, she adds.This additional information is weighed up to determine whether it increases or decreases the chance of conflict. Other factors might include whether the water insecurity is likely to affect crops.The tool is just one part of a wider WPS project that aims to increase the availability of information which could help avoid waterrelated conflicts. Once artificial intelligence has made its predictions the WPS researchers use other analytical tools to zoomin on a certain region and find out exactly what39。s driving water insecurity. This might be decreased rainfall, increased population, or water might be being diverted away from a munity.The designers are now undergoing final tests of the new AI tool to make sure it39。s ready for a November launch date. Once widely available, Schme hopes that it will be used by local governments and also by international organizations with an interest in maintaining global stability.12. What is the function of the tool?A. Collecting all kinds of data.B. Predicting conflict hotspots.C. Ensuring security of water.D. Stopping breakout of water pipe.13. How did the AI tool work in Mali?A. The government discourages.B. More improvement is needed.C. It works quite effectively.D. It attracts public attention.14. What is related to the waterrelated conflicts in Mali?A. Its climate. B. Its lifestyle.C. Its agriculture. D. Its population.15. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. Peoples attitude to the AI tool.B. Study process of the AI tool.C. Designers of the AI tool.D. The future of the AI tool.【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了全球預(yù)測工