【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 or of a high score was a player39。s age——older people performed relatively poorly. But the benefit of rural living was strong enough to offset（抵消）some of that, Data from American players showed that a 70yearold who grew up in the countryside had the navigational abilities of an average 60yearold across the dataset.The gap between the navigation skills of rural and city people was largest in America, and the researchers think they know why. They found that countries dominated by simple layouts of gridbased（網(wǎng)格式的）cities dragged down navigation skills more than growing up in a city based around more plicated networks of streets, such as Prague.Dr. Spiers says that the brain39。s navigational abilities probably weaken in the city environment because they are not being used as much. Although cities may appear more plicated, they also feature more clues to help residents find their way, such as numbered streets. As many citydwellers on a visit to the countryside can prove, one field tends to look much the same as another, so there are fewer external（外部的）landmarks to help guide the way.While people who live in cities should not be alarmed, the study does raise some interesting ideas for urban planners: keep their city designs not so simple perhaps. And for everyone else, it might be an idea to turn off Google Maps.8. Why did the researchers use the dataset from a puter game?A. To study the players39。 memory.B. To measure how well people control boats.C. To improve the players39。 skill to find way out.D. To see what influences people39。s wayfinding skills.9. What does the underlined word that in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Strong indicator. B. Poor performance.C. Old age. D. High score.10. What weakens the brain39。s navigational abilities according to Dr. Spiers?A. Lack of practice. B. Few external landmarks.C. Living in the countryside. D. Complicated city environment.11. What is the best title of the passage?A. Ways to Improve Navigational SkillsB. Reasons to Design Complicated CitiesC. Urban Living Weakens Navigational SkillsD. Turn off Google Maps while Exploring CityDDo you like writing a few paragraphs every day about your experiences, hopes, memories or feelings? If you don39。t, it39。s time to make a change now. Here is why.You will gradually bee better at expressing yourself. When I am forced to write every day because of a book deadline(最后期限), I am always amazed at how quickly my writing and verbal(口頭的) munication skills improve. When we bee lazy with words, it is more difficult to describe feelings, share experiences and make ourselves understood.You will remember things long forgotten. As you write about memories, it is like opening an old photo album. Your pen begins to explore feelings and details you have forgotten, and dreams you have left behind. You suddenly remember people you would like to contact again. Writing is an activity that avoids distractions(分心) long enough for you to explore those wonderful moments of the past. Sometimes they are frightening. Sometimes they are wonderful and almost always they are helpful.Writing about daily experiences and feelings provides a recorded history that will influence how you make future decisions. There39。s a reason that the greatest leaders in history were students of history. They learned from what had happened before. Your history is important. Don39。t let it be forgotten.Writing reminds you of your dreams and keeps you moving toward them. It is a means of keeping track of your purpose and the goals that will lead you to achieve them. Reviewing what you have written is a perfect way to see your progress and to show when you have been distracted and may need to give all your attention again to your writing.Writing a little every day could provide the material that someday bees a published book. When I wrote about my fouryearold granddaughter who had lost in the mountains, I never dreamed it would be in a book.12. What did the author want to show by giving the example in Paragraph 2?A. We shouldn39。t be lazy with words.B. A deadline encourages us to work hard.C. Writing helps us better express ourselves.D. There39。re good ways to improve our writing skills,13. According to Paragraph 3, what does writing help us do?A. Improve our memory quickly. B. Think of our past experiences.C. Successfully achieve our dreams. D. Explo