【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 ed. D. More landfills will be built.11. What is the text mainly about?A. The benefits of wearing facemasks. B. The ways of dealing with rubbish.C. The problem of handling PPE litter. D. The importance of protecting individuals.【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，英國(guó)街道上的一次性口罩和防護(hù)手套越來(lái)越多，各地方政府警告稱，他們正在應(yīng)對(duì)堆積如山的個(gè)人防護(hù)裝備（PPE）垃圾。文章還說(shuō)明了地方政府警告稱這些東西會(huì)造成感染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，說(shuō)明了相關(guān)組織和人員對(duì)此的看法。對(duì)此，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為使用可重復(fù)使用的設(shè)備更好?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“The District Councils39。 Network (DCN) represents 187 regional authorities, covering waste collection for 22 million people. “As well as being potentially dangerous for pets and wildlife, there is a risk that they could spread infection,” it said. (地區(qū)議會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(DCN)代表了187個(gè)地區(qū)當(dāng)局，覆蓋了2200萬(wàn)人的垃圾收集。它說(shuō)：“除了對(duì)寵物和野生動(dòng)物有潛在危險(xiǎn)外，它們還可能傳播感染”)”可推知，DCN對(duì)PPE垃圾持擔(dān)憂態(tài)度。故選A。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Councils are already struggling with waste collection during the pandemic as residents are creating more rubbish while spending longer periods at home. The DCN said some weeks this summer had been like “Christmas collections”, referring to the larger amounts of rubbish over the festive period.(在大流行病期間，由于居民在家中待的時(shí)間越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)，產(chǎn)生的垃圾越來(lái)越多，市政當(dāng)局已經(jīng)在努力處理垃圾收集問(wèn)題。DCN表示，今年夏天的一些星期就像“圣誕節(jié)收集”，指的是節(jié)日期間大量的垃圾)”可推知，第4段提到“圣誕收集”是為了批評(píng)這一現(xiàn)象。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Scientists, however, have warned that even if masks are dealt with properly, 124,000 tons of singleuse facemasks could end up in landfill if people do not switch to reusable coverings.(然而，科學(xué)家警告稱，即使口罩得到妥善處理，如果人們不改用可重復(fù)使用的口罩，)”故我們能從科學(xué)家的警告中推斷出使用可重復(fù)使用的設(shè)備更好。故選B。11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Britain39。s streets are being increasingly crowded with throwaway facemasks and protective gloves, a survey has found, as councils warn that they are battling with a mountain of personal protective equipment (PPE) litter.(一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，英國(guó)街道上的一次性口罩和防護(hù)手套越來(lái)越多，各地方政府警告稱，他們正在應(yīng)對(duì)堆積如山的個(gè)人防護(hù)裝備(PPE)垃圾)”結(jié)合文章還說(shuō)明了地方政府警告稱這些東西會(huì)造成感染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，說(shuō)明了相關(guān)組織和人員對(duì)此的看法。對(duì)此，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為使用可重復(fù)使用的設(shè)備更好?？芍?，文章的主要內(nèi)容是處理PPE垃圾的問(wèn)題。故選C。DA strong coffee after a poor night39。s sleep is the kickstart many people need in the morning but new research suggests that it might be best to have a bite to eat first.A study has found that drinking coffee first can have a negative effect on blood sugar control a risk factor for diabetes （糖尿?。゛nd heart disease.“We know that nearly half of us will wake in the morning and, before doing anything else, drink coffee subjectively the more tired we feel, the stronger the coffee,“ said Professor James Betts, at the University of Bath in the UK.For their study, researchers at the University of Bath got 29 healthy men and women to take part in three different overnight experiments, with at least a week between them.In one, the participants had a normal night39。s sleep, roughly from 11 . to 7 ., and were asked to consume a sugary drink on waking in the morning. They then experienced an interrupted night39。s sleep, where the researchers woke them every hour for five minutes by sending them text messages to which they had to respond — and upon waking were given the same sugary drink.On another night, participants experienced the same sleep interruption, but this time were first given a strong black coffee 30 minutes before consuming the sugary drink.They found that one night of interrupted sleep did not worsen the participants39。 blood sugar and insulin （胰 島素）responses when pared to the normal night39。s sleep although previous research suggested that losing many hours of sleep or many nights of poor sleep could have a negative effect. However, strong black coffee consumed before breakfast actually increased the blood sugar response by around 50% — suggesting that relying on coffee after a bad night to stop feeling sleepy could limit your body39。s ability to tolerate the sugar in your breakfast.12. What does the underlined word “kickstart in paragraph 1 refer to?A. A kind of sport. B. A kind of power.C. A kind of medicine. D. A kind of belief.13. What was unchanged in the three experiments?A. The duration of sleep. B. The blood sugar response.C. The sugary drink. D. The intake of coffee.14. What increased the participants39。 blood sugar response most before breakfast?A. A normal sugary drink.B. A normal night39。s sleep.C. An interrupted night39。s sleep.D. A cup of strong black coffee.15. How did researchers draw the conclusion?A. By paring the results.B. By listing some examples.C. By surveying the participants.D. By referring to some documents.【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，先喝咖啡會(huì)對(duì)血糖控制產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響，而血糖控制是糖尿病和心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素之一。【12題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“A strong coffee after a poor night39。s sleep”（一夜沒(méi)睡好之后，喝一杯濃咖啡）可推知，kickstart指的是在晚上沒(méi)有睡好之后“一種提神的力量”。故選B。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“In one, …and were asked to consume a sugary drink on waking in the morning. They then experienced an interrupted night39。s sleep… — and upon waking were given the same sugary drink.”（在一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，參與者在晚上大約11點(diǎn)到早上7點(diǎn)之間正常睡眠，并被要求在早上醒來(lái)時(shí)喝一杯含糖飲料。然后，他們的睡眠被打斷，研究人員每隔一小時(shí)就給他們發(fā)短信，讓他們每隔5分鐘回復(fù)短信，醒來(lái)后給他們喝同樣的含糖飲料。）和第六段“On another night,… before consuming the sugary drink.”（另一個(gè)晚上，參與者經(jīng)歷了同樣的睡眠中斷，但這一次，在喝含糖飲料之前，他們先喝了一杯濃黑咖啡30分鐘。）可知，在三個(gè)試驗(yàn)中沒(méi)有改變的是受試者都喝了含糖飲料。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“However, strong black coffee consumed before breakfast actually increased the blood sugar response by around 50%”（然而，早餐前喝一杯濃黑咖啡實(shí)際上會(huì)使血糖反應(yīng)增加50%左右）可知，早餐前，一杯濃黑咖啡增加了受試者的血糖反應(yīng)。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“For their study, researchers at the University of Bath got 29 healthy men and women to take part in three different overnight experiments, with at least a week between them.”（在他們的研究中，巴斯大學(xué)的研究人員讓29名健康的男性和女性參加了三種不同的夜間實(shí)驗(yàn)，每次實(shí)驗(yàn)至少持續(xù)一周。）和文章最后一段“They found that one night of interrupted sleep did not worsen the participants39。 blood sugar and insulin responses when pared to the normal night39。s sleep”（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，與正常晚上的睡眠相比，一個(gè)晚上的睡眠中斷并沒(méi)有惡化參與者的血糖和胰島素反應(yīng)）可推知，研究者是通過(guò)對(duì)比試驗(yàn)結(jié)果得出結(jié)論的。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；，）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩 項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Rachael Ray is known as a famous chef, magazine publisher, and creator of her own pet food. Recently, I was lucky to interview her about healthy eating. ___