【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 natural chemical present in marijuana(大麻) plants that gives users the mental state known as a ‘high’. ”電子煙或類似的設(shè)備也可以向使用者提供THC或其他物質(zhì)。THC是存在于大麻植物中的自然化學(xué)物質(zhì)，給予使用者一種“high”的心理狀態(tài)。這里的“high”指的是喝醉或者吸毒后的那種興奮的狀態(tài)，因此使用者吸入了含有THC的電子煙會感到興奮，故選C。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“On Monday, the Food and Drug Administration, or FDA gave a warning to JUUL Labs, maker of the bestselling ecigarettes. The FDA accused the pany of illegally marketing its products as being ‘safer than cigarettes’ without the agency39。s approval. ”周一，美國食品和藥物管理局(FDA)向暢銷電子煙的制造商JUUL Labs發(fā)出了警告。FDA指控該公司未經(jīng)FDA批準(zhǔn)，非法銷售其產(chǎn)品，稱其“比香煙更安全”。由此可知FDA不同意其銷售此產(chǎn)品，故選B。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文主要講述美國衛(wèi)生官員敦促人們停止使用電子煙，電子煙同人們的健康問題有關(guān)并介紹電子煙是怎樣危害人們健康的。中心思想強調(diào)的就是電子煙危害人們的健康。D選項Ecigarettes—a potential killer“電子煙—一個潛在的殺手”，符合本文中心思想，故選D。 【點評】本題考點涉及推理判斷和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇新聞報道，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解 Blue Planet II39。s latest episode (情節(jié)) focuses on how plastic is having a destructive effect on the ocean and slowly poisoning our sea creatures. Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on Earth, the Mariana Trench, have plastic in their stomachs. Indeed, oceans are drowning in plastic. Though it seems that the world couldn39。t possibly function without plastics, plastics are a remarkably recent invention. The first plastic bags were introduced in the 1950s, the same decade that plastic packaging began gaining popularity in the United States. This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching up with the change. Plastics pollution research, for instance, is still a very early science. We put all these plastics into the environment, but we still don39。t really know what the outes are going to be. What we do know, though, is disturbing. Ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine animals every year. Nearly 700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. One in three leatherback turtles, which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, have been found with plastic in their bellies. Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent. And it39。s not just wildlife that is threatened by the plastics in our seas. Humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. I could understand why some people see ocean plastic as a disaster, worth mentioning in the same breath as climate change. But ocean plastic is not as plicated as climate change. There are no ocean trash deniers (否認(rèn)者), at least so far. To do something about it, we don39。t have to remake our planet energy system. This is not a problem where we don39。t know what the solution is. We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to deal with it. We know how to recycle. We can all start by thinking twice before we use singleuse plastic products. Things that may seem ordinary, like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bagwhen taken collectively, these choices really do make a difference.（1）Why is plastics pollution research still a very early science? plastics pollution research is too difficult. have produced less pollution than coal. have gained popularity too fast for science to catch up. world couldn39。t possibly function without plastics.（2）How did the author support his opinion in Paragraph 3? citing quotes from leading experts. making a parison and contrast. listing examples from his own experience. presenting solid statistics.（3）What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph? reap what we sow. shortest answer is doing. things are difficult before they are easy. speak louder than words.（4）What is the main idea of the passage? oceans bee choked with plastic. plastic is a global issue. Planet II has left viewers heartbroken. gain in popularity all over the world.【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，研究人員最近還發(fā)現(xiàn)，生活在地球最深處馬里亞納海溝的海洋生物胃里有塑料。事實上，海洋正淹沒在塑料之中。據(jù)估計，海洋塑料每年殺死數(shù)百萬海洋動物，不僅僅是野生動物受到海洋塑料的威脅，人類也會通過食用海鮮來消耗塑料。作者認(rèn)為最好的辦法就是人類開始采取行動。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching up with the change. Plastics pollution research, for instance, is still a very early science.”這種增長速度如此之快，以至于科學(xué)仍在追趕這種變化。例如，塑料污染研究仍然是一門非常早期的科學(xué)，可知，塑料污染研究仍然是一門非常早期的科學(xué)是因為塑料的普及速度太快，以至于科學(xué)無法跟上。故選C。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“One in three leatherback turtles, which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, have been found with plastic in their bellies. Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent.”人們發(fā)現(xiàn)，三分之一的棱皮龜?shù)母共慷加兴芰现破?，而它們?jīng)常把塑料袋誤認(rèn)為是水母。現(xiàn)在，90%的海鳥定期食用塑料制品。到2050年，這一數(shù)字預(yù)計將升至100%，可知，作者在第三段是通過提供可靠的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)來支持自己觀點的。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“We can all start by thinking twice before we use singleuse plastic products. Things that may seem ordinary, like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bagwhen taken collectively, these choices really do make a difference. ”在使用一次性塑料產(chǎn)品之前，我們都可以三思而后行。一些看起來很普通的東西，比如使用可重復(fù)使用的瓶子或袋子——如果把它們放在一起，這些選擇確實會有所不同，可知，作者在最后一段想告訴我們對于塑料污染最簡短的回答就是采取行動。故選B。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on Earth, the Mariana Trench, have plastic in their stomachs. Indeed, oceans are drowning in plastic.”研究人員最近還發(fā)現(xiàn)，生活在地球最深處馬里亞納海溝的海洋生物胃里有塑料。事實上，海洋正淹沒在塑料之中)結(jié)合文章主要內(nèi)容為說明海洋被大量的塑料充斥著，影響了海洋生物和人類，故選A。 【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 The summer before my dad died, we moved house. Up until that point, our family had our own space to spread out. Money was tight, so there was no television set, but we owned a turntable on which my dad39。s records played constantly. Mostly, it played Bob Dylan. Tracks from The Basement Tapes and Desire became an important part of our new life. My brother and I, aged 8 and 10, climbed trees, built hideaways and learned the words of Clothes Line Saga. We would chant over the, lost in our own joy. It was January when my dad left us forever because of the cancer. He was 36 going on 37 then, the same age as Dylan. Afterwards, our laughter disappeared, but we kept on playing the records, which became our only ritual of remembrance. The two men became so intertwined in my head, I struggled to tell them apart. Dylan was my dad39。s gift to me. What child wouldn39。t be fascinated by songs full of pirates and seasick sailors? How did it feel to have No direction home? Farewell, Angelina be