【文章內容簡介】 is method, Johnson could record a word，s usage and its definition. How many passages were used? According to Johnson39。s modern biographer Walter Jackson Bate, the original total number could have been over 240,000. How many words were defined by the lexicographer? Over 40,000 words appeared in two large books in April of 1755. Did Johnson fully understand the huge task he was undertaking when he began? As he told his contemporary biographer James Boswell, I knew very well what I was undertaking and very well how to do it — and have done it very well.（1）What is the problem of early English dictionaries? A.They only offer simple pictures.B.They list just a few foreign words.C.They simply give some translations.D.They add no more than some big words.（2）What does the underlined word lexicographer in paragraph 4 refer to? A.A publisher.B.A biographer.C.A maker of dictionaries.D.An assistant.（3）What can we infer about Samuel Johnson from the text? A.He standardized English.B.He cared about authority a lot.C.He gained much financial support.D.He plained of working conditions.（4）What is the purpose of this passage? A.To discuss the problems of dictionaries.B.To encourage people to work on a project.C.To persuade people to buy the new dictionary.D.To introduce how Johnson plete his dictionary.【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了Johnson編纂詞典的故事。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“These, however, were often little more than lists of hard words”可知，早期英語詞典的問題是只是增加了一些難詞。故選D。 （2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)最后一段中的“How many words were defined by the lexicographer?”中的關鍵詞defined及聯(lián)系前后句，可以猜測出這里lexicographer指的是詞典編纂者。故選C。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“This need to fix the English language is best illustrated (描述) in the making of The Dictionary of the English Language by Samuel Johnson.”及最后一段中的Samuel Johnson為詞典編纂所作的努力可以推斷出，Samuel Johnson使得英語標準化。故選A。 （4）考查推理判斷。閱讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了Samuel Johnson在惡劣的條件下編纂詞典的。所以本文主要是告訴讀者Johnson編纂詞典的故事，故選D。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。5．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. Milton Hershey was born near the small village of Derry Church, Pennsylvania, in 1857. He only attended school through the fourth grade。 at that point, he was apprenticed(做學徒) to a printer in a nearby town. After a while, he left the printing business and was apprenticed to a Lancaster, Pennsylvania candy maker. And at the age of eighteen, he opened his own candy store in Philadelphia. In spite of his talents as a candy maker, the shop failed after six years. After the failure of his Philadelphia store, Milton headed for Denver, where he learned the art of making caramels(焦糖). Then in Denver, Milton once again attempted to open his own candymaking businesses, in Chicago, New Orleans, and New York City. Finally, in 1886, he went to Lancaster, Pennsylvania, where he raised the money necessary to try again. This pany— the Lancaster Caramel Company—established Milton39。s reputation as a master candy maker. In 1893, Milton attended the Chicago International Exposition, where he saw a display of German chocolatemaking implements. Fascinated by the equipment, he purchased it for his Lancaster candy factory and began producing chocolate, which he used for coating his caramels. By the next year, production had grown to include cocoa, sweet chocolate, and baking chocolate. The Hershey Chocolate pany was born in 1894 as a subsidiary(子公司) of the Lancaster Caramel Company. Six years later, Milton sold the caramel pany, but reserved the rights, and the equipment, to make chocolate. He believed that a large market of chocolate consumers was waiting for someone to produce reasonably priced candy. He was right. Milton Hershey returned to the village where he had been born, in the heart of dairy country, and opened his chocolate manufacturing plant. With access to all the fresh milk he needed, he began producing the finest milk chocolate. The plant that opened in a small Pennsylvania village in 1905 is today the largest chocolate factory in the world. The sweets created at this facility are favorites around the world. The area where the factory is located is now known as Hershey, Pennsylvania. Within the first decades of its existence, the town of Hershey thrived, as did the chocolate business. A bank, a school, churches, a department store, even a park and a trolley system all appeared in short order。 the town soon even had a zoo. Today, a visit to the area reveals the Hershey Medical Center, Milton Hershey School, and Hershey39。s Chocolate World—a theme park where visitors are greeted by a giant Reeses Peanut Butter Cup. All of these things— and a huge number of happy chocolate lovers—were made possible because a caramel maker visited the Chicago Exposition of 1893!（1）The mention of the 1893 Exposition indicates that _______. A.the exposition in Chicago is held once every three years.B.the theme of the exposition of 1893 was Food from Around the World.C.the exposition contained displays from a variety of countries.D.the site of the exposition is now a branch of the Hershey Chocolate Company.（2）According to the passage, Milton Hershey sold his caramel pany in _______. A.1894B.1900C.1904D.1905（3）What can you infer from the passage? A.Chocolate is popular in every country in the world.B.Reeses Peanut Butter Cu