【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 too blunt.”According to experts, youngsters used to municating electronically break up their thoughts by sending each one as a separate message, rather than using a full stop, which they use only to signal they are annoyed. Some have said the full stop is unnecessary when used in texting because the message is ended just by sending it.Linguist Dr Lauren Fonteyn of Leiden University in Holland tweeted: “If you send a text message without a full stop, it’s already obvious that you39。ve concluded the message. So if you add that additional marker for pletion, they will read something into it and it tends to be a falling intonation (語調(diào)) or negative tone. Make your sentence an open end. and it will make friends online very happy and relaxed. So full stops could be unnecessary in most cases.”Professor David Crystal? one of the world’s leading language experts, argues that the usage of full stops is being “revised in a really fundamental way”. In his book, Making a Point, he says that the punctuation mark has bee an “emotion marker” which warns the recipient (接受者) that the sender is angry or annoyed.8. What does the underlined word “intimidate” probably mean in paragraph 1?A. Frighten. B. Move. C. Delight. D. Reward.9 Why do the Generation Z dislike full stops when texting?A. Full stops end the conversation awkwardly.B. Full stops make messages more boring.C. Full stops are punctuation marks without any emotion.D. Full stops are regarded as an indication of the sender39。s anger.10. What is Dr Lauren Fonteyn39。s attitude to full stops for pletion?A. Skeptical. B. Conservative. C. Negative. D. Tolerant.11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Will full stops be replaced in messages?B. Does a full stop really conclude a message?C. How do full stops make recipients embarrassed?D How do we understand punctuation marks in messages?DWhen we drive between two similar mature woodlands，we notice that one is crowded with beautiful flowers while the other has none. Why don39。t wildflowers spread from one forest to another?It depends on how the seeds are spread. If seeds are spread by wind, the flowers can turn up almost anywhere. Plants with berries are often spread by birds or small mammals so they are pretty well distributed. But for plants that are planted by ants, roads can be an obstacle (障礙). So can petition. Wildflower seeds would not last long if they merely ripened and fell to the forest floor. Those seeds that were not eaten by birds and small mammals would grow into tiny shoots illequipped to pete with their parent plants. A young plant has a much better chance at survival if its seed is carried away from the parents. In the case of flowers such as trillium and violets, ants spread and plant the seeds.The seeds of these wildflowers are coated with a fleshy globe called an elaiosome filled with oils and sometimes sugars. These must be irresistible. Consequently, ants pull them into their nests to be consumed or fed to their young. The actual seeds have extremely hard shells much too hard for ants to eat, so the tidy creatures desert the seeds in one of their underground tunnels. Underground, the wildflower seeds may develop and begin the long process of reaching maturity and blooming.Researchers have documented ants dragging seeds as far as 70 yards. It is unthinkable that our forest ants would go across a road, a plowed field, or even a lawn. Wildflowers can spread by stems and runners, but asphalt (瀝青) can stop their spread. Ecologists are starting to talk more and more about “wildlife corridors (走廊) — providing passage for wildlife across artificial obstacles such as dams, roads and railways” and when they do, we tend to think of large mammals or migrating birds. But small creatures need wildlife corridors too. Ants, turtles and squirrels need to move between woodlots, because in the process of feeding themselves these creatures are making our forests sustainable.12. According to the text,the young plants have greater survival chances when the seeds_____.A. fall to the forest floorB. are deserted in a shady placeC. aren39。t eaten by birds or mammalsD. grow away from their parent plants13. What can we learn about elaiosome from paragraph 3?A. It39。s lacking in nutrition. B. It39。s coated with soft shells.C. It39。s a tasty treat for ants. D. It39。s often deserted outside the ant nest.14. What are wildlife corrido