【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 ildren.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）B（4）C（5）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，“回巢族”子女在大學(xué)畢業(yè)后回到父母身邊生活對(duì)家庭是有好處的，他們會(huì)與父母建立更親密、更具支持性的關(guān)系，并增進(jìn)兩代人之間的聯(lián)系。而這一發(fā)現(xiàn)與今年早些時(shí)候發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果相矛盾，該研究顯示，返鄉(xiāng)的成年子女會(huì)導(dǎo)致父母的生活質(zhì)量和幸福感顯著下降。父母和孩子對(duì)于獨(dú)立的緊張情緒會(huì)導(dǎo)致父母和子女之間偶爾的爭(zhēng)吵。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“The findings disagree with the research published earlier this year showing that returning adult children trigger a significant worsening in their parents39。 quality of life and wellbeing.”這一發(fā)現(xiàn)與今年早些時(shí)候發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果不一致，早些的研究顯示，返鄉(xiāng)的成年子女會(huì)導(dǎo)致父母的生活質(zhì)量和幸福感顯著惡化?？芍?，以往的研究顯示，返鄉(xiāng)的成年子女會(huì)導(dǎo)致父母的生活質(zhì)量和幸福感比之前更差，故選C。 （2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的“The findings disagree with the research published earlier this year showing that returning adult children trigger a significant worsening in their parents39。 quality of life and wellbeing. ”通過(guò)新舊研究對(duì)比，以往的研究表明，返鄉(xiāng)的成年子女會(huì)導(dǎo)致父母的生活質(zhì)量和幸福感顯著下降。即可推理劃線(xiàn)部分單詞trigger意為“導(dǎo)致，致使”，與cause意義一致。故選A。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“The young adults taking part in the study were‘more positive than might have been expected’about moving back home – the shame is reduced as so many of their friends are in the same position, and they acknowledged the benefits of their parents39。 financial and emotional support.”參與這項(xiàng)研究的年輕人對(duì)于搬回家“比預(yù)期的更積極”——他們的羞愧感減少了，因?yàn)樗麄兊脑S多朋友都處于同樣的處境，而且他們承認(rèn)父母在經(jīng)濟(jì)和情感上的支持是有好處的。）可知，大學(xué)畢業(yè)生對(duì)回家的態(tài)度是積極的，很高興能夠回家，故選B。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“But they acknowledged that things were different for graduates today, who leave university with huge debts and fewer job opportunities.”但他們承認(rèn)，如今的畢業(yè)生情況有所不同，他們畢業(yè)時(shí)背負(fù)著巨額債務(wù)，工作機(jī)會(huì)也更少。由此推斷出，孩子們很難找到一份滿(mǎn)意的工作，故選C。 （5）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的‘However’, the study says, ‘daytoday tensions about the prospects of achieving different dimensions of independence, which in a few extreme cases came close to conflict”可知對(duì)于實(shí)現(xiàn)不同層面獨(dú)立前景的日常緊張情緒，是大多數(shù)家長(zhǎng)和略多于一半畢業(yè)生經(jīng)歷的特征。在少數(shù)極端情況下，這種緊張情緒接近沖突?？芍爻沧搴⒆蝇F(xiàn)象的副作用是在少數(shù)情況下，緊張情緒會(huì)導(dǎo)致父母和孩子之間偶爾發(fā)生爭(zhēng)吵。故選D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。4．犇犇閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 The clock always seems to be ticking rather too fast in the doctor39。s office and the queue of patients outside the door seems to be pressing rather too hard. Some say it39。s high time for the model of short, sharp onetoone appointments to give way to shared medical appointments (SMAs共享醫(yī)療預(yù)約). SMAs are doctorpatient visits in which a group of patients receive patient education and counseling (咨詢(xún)), physical examination and medical support in a group setting. Typically SMAs are designed to have one or more doctors attend to a group of patients who share a mon illness or medical condition. In contrast to onetoone visits, SMAS provide a longer appointment timeframe as well as the opportunity for patients to have improved access to their physicians and meanwhile pick up additional information and support from peers. However, doctors who have pioneered the shared appointment approach report that there are significant challenges involved. Dr. Sumego, director of shared medical appointments, Cleveland Clinic, identifies culture change as the most significant challenge. Physicians and nurses are trained in a model of personal service and privacy。 the SMA approach is a fundamental challenge to those fixed ideas. They need shared goals and a way of testing the innovation against agreed standards. Dr. Sumego says, The physicians may be worried about the possible chaos and efficiencies that are marketed. They also have to make the patients understand what their appointment is, and what the expectation is. So, if an organization was looking to start shared medical appointments, I would advise them to start the buyin from a few champion physicians, develop the workflow and develop some experience. Provide some support behind what that best practice should look like. Create some standards so that, as the concept spreads, you can employ that experience to start the next shared medical appointments and the next.（1）What is the purpose of the SMA approach? A.To improve medical service.B.To promote doctors39。 reputation.C.To conduct medical research.D.To meet patients39。 expectation.（2）According to Dr. Sumego, what prevents the SMA approach from being widely adopted? A.Personal service.B.Fixed ideas.C.Lack of equipment.D.Shared goals.（3）What can the underlined buyin in Paragraph 4 be replaced by? A.practiceB.organizationC.purchaseD.support（4）What can be learned about the SMA approach in the last paragraph? A.It is currently being questioned.B.It is impractical in some areas.C.It will enjoy wide popularity soon.D.It should be carried out step by step.【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了SMAs (共享醫(yī)療預(yù)約) 模式，以及這種模式面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“In contrast to onetoone visits, SMA provide a longer appointment timeframe as well as the opportunity for patients to have improved access to their physicians and meanwhile pick up additional information and support from peers.”可知SMAs模式為患者提供了更長(zhǎng)的預(yù)約時(shí)間，也為患者提供了更好地與醫(yī)生接觸的機(jī)會(huì)，同時(shí)還能從同行那里獲得額外的信息和支持。這說(shuō)明SAMs的出現(xiàn)是為患者提供更好的醫(yī)療服務(wù)。故選A。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Dr. Sumego, director of shared medical appointments, Cleveland Clinic, …… personal service and privacy。 the SMA approach is a fundamental challenge to those fixed ideas.”可知Dr. Sumego認(rèn)為，文化轉(zhuǎn)變是最大的挑戰(zhàn)。醫(yī)生和護(hù)士接受的是針對(duì)個(gè)人服務(wù)和隱私的培訓(xùn)。 SMAs方法是對(duì)這些固定想法的根本挑戰(zhàn)。也就是說(shuō)，改變這些已經(jīng)固定的想法是一種挑戰(zhàn)，所以這些固定的想法會(huì)阻礙SMAs模式的推廣，故選B。 （3）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)最后一段中的“if an organization was looking to start shared medical appointments，I would advise them to start the buyin from a few champion physicians”可知如果一個(gè)組織要尋求共享醫(yī)療模式的話(huà)，Dr. Sumego建議他們從一些優(yōu)秀的醫(yī)師開(kāi)始他們的buyin，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，故選A。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“So, if an organization was looking to start shared medical appointments, I would advise them to start the buyin from a few champion physicians, develop the… appointments and the next.”可知如果一個(gè)組織要開(kāi)始SMAs，Dr. Sumego建議他們從一些優(yōu)秀的醫(yī)師開(kāi)始，開(kāi)發(fā)一些流程，積累一些經(jīng)驗(yàn)。制定一些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，以便隨著概念的推廣，他們可以利用這種經(jīng)驗(yàn)開(kāi)始下一次共享醫(yī)療預(yù)約然后將下次的經(jīng)驗(yàn)用到下下次。這說(shuō)明SMAs的實(shí)施