【文章內容簡介】 。D.they had the largest navy ever（2）If someone is open and above board, it means he is ________. A.secretiveB.honestC.cheerfulD.dishonest（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.Sailors need to go to sleep when they hear a whistle.B.Sailors will be whipped if they do business below decks.C.A poor sailor may be whipped nine times a day.D.There is no spare room to raise cats on ships.（4）What is the main idea of the passage? A.The business on British sailing ships.B.The influence of British sailors39。 language on English.C.The sailing history of England.D.The sailing story of British sailors.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，英國作為一個島國，四周環(huán)海，海洋在英國人的生活中起著重要的作用。英國曾有著強大的海軍。一直以來，水手們經常使用的一些航海術語豐富并影響著英語這門語言。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據第一段中的“They are surrounded by the sea, so it is not surprising that the sea has always played an important role in their lives.”可知，英國被海洋環(huán)繞，海對英國人的生活影響很大。故選C。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據第二段中的“…people monly describe an honest and fair business deal as being “above board”可知，如果”一個誠實公正的人就會被認為是39。above board39?！薄９蔬xB。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據第三段中的“The ship39。s boatswain (水手長) would blow a whistle, or pipe, at the end of the day to indicate (表明) to the sailors it was time to quieten down and go to sleep.”可知船上的水手長會在一天結束的時候吹口哨或吹笛子，向水手們表示應該安靜下來睡覺了。故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段介紹英國是一個受到海洋影響的國家，四周環(huán)海，航海在人們的生活中起著重要的作用。以此引入主題即水手們在航行時使用的一些航海術語對英語這門語言所產生的影響。故選B?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 The Rugby (英式橄欖球) World Cup is currently being held in New Zealand. The tournament, due to finish on October 23, is living up to the famous English saying, “Rugby is a thug39。s (暴徒) game played gentlemen. ” The games are physically aggressive。 the tackles (沖撞) on the pitch are brutal。 but the end of each match is a civilized affair. Players shake hands and applaud each other. Of course, the other side to this saying is: Football is a gentleman39。s game played by thugs. Indeed, unlike soccer players, rugby players don39。t often question the referee39。s (裁判員) decisions or pretend to be injured when they are not. “Football could learn a lot from rugby, said Brian Moore, a former England rugby player The wonderful spirit of rugby is: there is a gentlemanly code to it. You play hard on the pitch, but you always respect your opponent.. Rugby is mainly played in Europe. Australia, New Zealand and parts of Africa. It is more enjoyable to play than soccer because you are always involved in the game, said Peter, a Welsh rugby coach. Rugby is also a far superior test of strength, stamina (耐力) and determination. Most professional rugby players are large, strong and weigh over 90 kilograms. People who play the sport need to be tough and be prepared to get hurt. Black eyes, broken bones, lost teeth and being knocked unconscious—all these are mon injuries. Former British Prime Minister Gordon Brown is blind in one eye thanks to a rugby accident at school. In England, children begin playing the game at school at the age of 8. When they enter high school, many begin to play full contact rugby. Children are taught to play for around one hour a week during their PE lessons. Most schools have a rugby team. Children who play for the school team are usually the sportiest kids, and are seen as brave and athletic.（1）What can be concluded from the first three paragraphs?A.Football players are not real gentlemen.B.There is a better spirit in playing rugby than football.C.Football players are not as athletic as rugby players.D.Brian Moore thinks that rules should be stricter in football.（2）According to the passage, Peter thinks ______.A.rugby players pretend to be injured when they are notB.rugby is not very popular in America and AsiaC.rugby makes people enjoy sports better than soccerD.rugby needs players39。 strong will rather than strength（3）The example of Gordon Brown is mentioned in order to .A.prove that playing rugby can earn people fameB.explain why Gordon Brown is blind in one eyeC.support the point that rugby players often get hurtD.warn teenagers against playing rugby at school（4）What can we infer from the passage?A.Teenagers will lose interest in football.B.English children have a talent for rugby.C.Playing rugby doesn39。t involve skills.D.Rugby is not suitable for everyone.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了英式橄欖球，并且將它與足球進行了對比。英式橄欖球是暴徒們的紳士運動，玩這項運動的人身體一定要強壯才行呢。（1）歸納總結題。前三段都在介紹英式橄欖球并且將其與足球比較，人們認為橄欖球是暴徒們的紳士運動，而足球是紳士的暴徒運動。并且說足球應該學習橄欖球。故選B（2）細節(jié)題。第四段第二句It is more enjoyable to play than soccer because you are always involved in the game玩英式橄欖球比完足球更有趣，因為你總是被卷入游戲之中的。故選C（3）細節(jié)題。倒數第二段最后一句Former British Prime Minister Gordon Brown is blind in one eye thanks to a rugby accident at 學校的一場橄欖球賽中瞎了一只眼睛。所以是來支持橄欖球運動會使人受傷。故選C（4）細節(jié)題。倒數第二段第二句 People who play the sport need to be tough and be prepared to get hurt. 玩這項運動的人們要強壯并且要做好受傷的準備。從這里可以得出橄欖球這項運動不適合所有人，故選D6．閱讀理解 On the banks of Tanzania39。s Lake Eyasi lives the world39。s last huntergatherer tribe (部落) — the Hadza. They don39。t grow food, raise animals or build houses. Instead they live a life unchanged for more than ten thousand years. Their world is one of plete freedom — something modern society can barely imagine and is unlikely to ever experience, let alone have the skills to stay alive. Text messages and phone calls don39。t exist. Nor do cars and electricity. No jobs, timetables, and social structures. No laws, taxes and unbelievably, no money — the closest thing to currency (交易) is the trade for a pair of shorts with a neighboring tribe. We spent our time with the Hadza hunting baboons (狒狒), a daily activity for the men. Their land is packed with sharp bushes, poisonous snakes and maneating lions. But a successful hunting trip is the difference between eating or going hungry. The Hadza diet consists mainly of honey, fruit and meat. Men often hunt in pairs to shoot anim