【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 sex, body mass index, and socioeconomic status. This was then repeated for an amount of activity at different levels of intensity. The results were analyzed together to give an overview. The team found a greater amount of activity was linked to a lower risk of death. The results held for different intensities of activity. The team said the study supported the message sit less and move more and more often. However, the study had limitations. It only looked at the situation for middle age and older adults, most of whom lived in the US or Europe, and some of the effect could be due to those people with a higher risk of death being less likely to be related to physical activity. Physical activity levels also were only measured over one period of time. Dr Gavin Sandercock, from the University of Essex, said the results suggested moving more brought bigger benefits than simply reducing the time of sitting, another factor measured in the study. This study reinforces the important message that getting the least active people to do even just a little bit more physical activity can have important public health benefits, he said.（1）Which of the following may Ulf Ekelund suggest elderly people do? on the sofa reading. a little gentle gardening. out to hike with friends. basketball sometimes.（2）What can we know about the research? lasted about 8 years. researchers admitted they used fake data. participants didn39。t include younger people. participants died because of doing too much physical activity（3）What is the author39。s attitude towards the researchers39。 conclusion? （4）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word reinforces in the last paragraph? 【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)輕微活動(dòng)能幫助預(yù)防老年人過早死亡，對(duì)老年人健康很有好處。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“It is important for elderly people, who might not be able to do much moderate intensity（強(qiáng)度）activity, that just moving around and doing light intensity activity will have strong effects and is beneficial.”對(duì)于無法做中等強(qiáng)度活動(dòng)的老年人來說，輕度活動(dòng)對(duì)健康很有好處。故選B。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Published in the BMJ, the latest research was based on a review of eight studies involving a total of more than 36,000 people with an average age of almost 63 years.”可知參與調(diào)查的36,000人平均年齡是63歲，因此不包括年輕人，故選C。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文中…researchers say , …said Ulf Ekelund, who led the research. Dr Gavin Sandercock, from the University of Essex, said…, …h(huán)e ，作者只是陳述了研究結(jié)果和專家觀點(diǎn)，并未摻雜自己觀點(diǎn)，作者對(duì)研究結(jié)果是中立觀點(diǎn)，不帶感情色彩。故選D。 （4）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第一段中的“Even a small increase in light activity such as washing dishes, or walking around the house might help prevent an early death among older adults”, 陳述研究結(jié)果，小的輕微活動(dòng)能幫助預(yù)防老年人過早死亡；以及最后一段中的“This study reinforces the important message that getting the least active people to do even just a little bit more physical activity can have important public health benefits”.提到的 getting the least active people to do even just a little bit more physical activity can have important public health benefits即讓最不愛運(yùn)動(dòng)的人多做一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)體育活動(dòng)，對(duì)公眾健康也有重要的好處，這是對(duì)研究結(jié)果的進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)，由此推知畫線詞語表示“強(qiáng)調(diào)”，與Highlights同義，故選A。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 Several years ago, I began asking my friends and family to tell me something about their passwords. Yes, I understand why passwords are universally hated: the pressure they put on our memory and the endless demand to update them. I hate them too. But there is more to passwords than their annoyance. In the fact that we construct them so that we can remember them, they take on secret lives. There was a former prisoner whose password includes what used to be his prison ID number to constantly tell him not to go back. And there was a childless 45yearold woman whose password is the name of the baby she lost in her 25 (her way of trying to keep him alive, I guess). Sometimes the passwords were playful. Several people said they used incorrect for theirs so that when they forgot it, the software automatically promoted them with the right one (your password is incorrect). Some passwords were striking for their uniqueness. After reading Sheryl Sandberg39。s book Lean in: Women, Work and the Will to Lead, Cortni Kerr, a running partner of mine, found her role model and began using Wwssdol9, which stood for What would Sheryl Sandberg do plus 19 for the year (2019) of the password39。s creation. TnsitTpsif was the password of another friend, a puter scientist who loves wordplay. It stood for The next sentence is true. The previous sentence is false. For my friend, it was a playful reference to the knots that language can tie. The 4622 that my wife used in her passwords was not just the address of her father39。s childhood home but also a reminder of his strength. Apparently, when the former 120 kg football standout was a small boy, he had to sing his home address (4622 South 28th West Avenue) in one full breath rather than try to say it normally. Otherwise, his stutter (口吃) would embarrass him.（1）Why did the prisoner use his prison ID number in his password? rebuild his reputation. remind him to act legally. fight against his poor memory. hide the unpleasant experience.（2）What did Cortni Kerr think of Sheryl Sandberg39。s book? ....（3）What might be the best title for the text? reasons why people hate passwords. unusual passwords. secret lives of passwords. best ways to make your passwords unique.【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了有關(guān)密碼的一些趣事。不同的人設(shè)定密碼也包含著不同的意義，也揭示了一些秘密。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“There was a former prisoner whose password includes what used to be his prison ID number to constantly tell him not to go back.”可知這名坐過牢的囚犯用自己的監(jiān)獄身份證號(hào)作為密碼主要是提醒自己不要回到過去（不在犯罪）。因此選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Cortni Kerr, a running partner of mine, found her role model and began using ‘Wwssdol9’, which stood for ‘What would Sheryl Sandberg do’plus 39。19’ for the year (2019) of the password39。s creation.”可知Cortni Kerr讀完Sheryl Sandberg39。s book的書后，找到到了自己的榜樣，由此判斷出Cortni Kerr認(rèn)為Sheryl Sandberg的書很激勵(lì)人心。故選D。 （3）考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了有關(guān)密碼的一些趣事。不同的人設(shè)定密碼也包含著不同的意義，也揭示了一些秘密。選項(xiàng)C. The secret lives of passwords.“密碼里的人生秘密”為短文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解