【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 acein order to swing the whip properly when lashing (鞭打) a poor sailor under his control!（1）The British have been strongly influenced by the sea because ________. A.they occupied more land around the worldB.they got more wealth from the seaC.they live on an island surrounded by the seaD.they had the largest navy ever（2）If someone is open and above board, it means he is ________. A.secretiveB.honestC.cheerfulD.dishonest（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.Sailors need to go to sleep when they hear a whistle.B.Sailors will be whipped if they do business below decks.C.A poor sailor may be whipped nine times a day.D.There is no spare room to raise cats on ships.（4）What is the main idea of the passage? A.The business on British sailing ships.B.The influence of British sailors39。 language on English.C.The sailing history of England.D.The sailing story of British sailors.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，英國作為一個(gè)島國，四周環(huán)海，海洋在英國人的生活中起著重要的作用。英國曾有著強(qiáng)大的海軍。一直以來，水手們經(jīng)常使用的一些航海術(shù)語豐富并影響著英語這門語言。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“They are surrounded by the sea, so it is not surprising that the sea has always played an important role in their lives.”可知，英國被海洋環(huán)繞，海對英國人的生活影響很大。故選C。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的“…people monly describe an honest and fair business deal as being “above board”可知，如果”一個(gè)誠實(shí)公正的人就會(huì)被認(rèn)為是39。above board39?！?。故選B。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“The ship39。s boatswain (水手長) would blow a whistle, or pipe, at the end of the day to indicate (表明) to the sailors it was time to quieten down and go to sleep.”可知船上的水手長會(huì)在一天結(jié)束的時(shí)候吹口哨或吹笛子，向水手們表示應(yīng)該安靜下來睡覺了。故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段介紹英國是一個(gè)受到海洋影響的國家，四周環(huán)海，航海在人們的生活中起著重要的作用。以此引入主題即水手們在航行時(shí)使用的一些航海術(shù)語對英語這門語言所產(chǎn)生的影響。故選B。【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 In Korea, it is rude to wear shoes inside someone39。s house because it is considered dirty. In Saudi Arabia, you should not bring food to someone39。s house because taking food or drink suggests that you think the host cannot afford the meal. More and more people around the world are travelling abroad to study, to go on vacation, or to work, and while it can be a great way to learn about other cultures, there may be times when travelers accidentally annoy their host. The same gesture can have very different meanings in different countries. The gesture meaning OK in the United States means something pletely different in Brazil as Ella Yao discovered. Ella had travelled to Brazil to study and was living with a host family. During dinner, her host asked Ella if she was enjoying the meal. Because her mouth was full of food, Ella made a sign with her hand that to her meant OK. Although Ella meant the food was good, this symbol in Brazilian culture is extremely rude and her host was deeply annoyed. While travelling in Thailand, Elizabeth Brown learned that there are differences in food in the United States and Thailand. She stopped at a small, familyowned restaurant in Chiang Mai and ordered spring rolls. She was really enjoying eating them until she got the last one and noticed that there was an insect inside. She plained to the server. Later, she discovered that although insects are disgusting to most Americans, they are considered a delicacy(佳肴) in some countries. All these mistakes can be avoided with some research on cultural differences before you go abroad. However, if you do accidentally annoy someone, quickly apologize, and learn from your mistake.（1）For what reason did Ella make her host angry?A.She spoke with her mouth full.B.Her host misunderstood her gesture.C.She didn39。t like the meal her host prepared.D.Her host didn39。t like using body language.（2）What happened to Elizabeth Brown in a Thai restaurant?A.She ate an insect.B.She was badly treated.C.She argued with the server.D.She learned insects are wele there.（3）What may be the best title for the text?A.What mattersB.When in RomeC.How to be politeD.Why make mistakes【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）B 【解析】【分析】這是一篇關(guān)于風(fēng)俗文化的文章。文章介紹了在韓國穿著鞋子在家里是不禮貌的和OK這個(gè)手勢在美國和巴西的不同以及泰國的飲食文化，告訴我們?yōu)榱吮苊庹`會(huì)一定要學(xué)會(huì)你所想去國家的文化即入鄉(xiāng)隨俗，如果我們不小心觸碰到了他們的文化要立刻道歉并改正。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Because her mouth was full of food, Ella made a sign with her hand that to her meant OK. Although Ella meant the food was good, this symbol in Brazilian culture is extremely rude and her host was deeply ，她因?yàn)樽炖镉袞|西故用手勢表示OK，但這個(gè)手勢在主人所在國家是非常粗魯?shù)囊馑?，所以主人生氣是因?yàn)檎`會(huì)了她，故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Later, she discovered that although insects are disgusting to most Americans, they are considered a delicacy(佳肴) in some ，昆蟲在一些國家也是佳肴，故選D。注意A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，文章是說She was really enjoying eating them until she got the last one and noticed that there was an insect ，并沒有提到她吃了昆蟲。（3）主旨大意題。本文講了不同國家有不同的風(fēng)俗，并告訴我們要入鄉(xiāng)隨俗，故B項(xiàng)“When in Rome,Do as the Romans Do”即入鄉(xiāng)隨俗，適合作文章題目。6．閱讀理解 Children have their own rules in playing games. They seldom need a referee (裁判) and rarely trouble to keep scores. They don39。t care much about who wins or loses, and it doesn39。t seem to worry them if the game is not finished. Yet, they like games that depend a lot on luck, so that their personal abilities cannot be directly pared. They also enjoyed games that move in stages, in which each stage, the choosing of leaders, the pickingup of sides, or the determining of which side shall start, is almost a game in itself. Grownups can hardly find children39。s game exciting, and they often feel puzzled at why their kids play such simple game again and again. However, it is found that a child plays games for very important reasons. He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person, and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinary afraid. He bees a leader whe