【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解 Several years ago, I began asking my friends and family to tell me something about their passwords. Yes, I understand why passwords are universally hated: the pressure they put on our memory and the endless demand to update them. I hate them too. But there is more to passwords than their annoyance. In the fact that we construct them so that we can remember them, they take on secret lives. There was a former prisoner whose password includes what used to be his prison ID number to constantly tell him not to go back. And there was a childless 45yearold woman whose password is the name of the baby she lost in her 25 (her way of trying to keep him alive, I guess). Sometimes the passwords were playful. Several people said they used incorrect for theirs so that when they forgot it, the software automatically promoted them with the right one (your password is incorrect). Some passwords were striking for their uniqueness. After reading Sheryl Sandberg39。s book Lean in: Women, Work and the Will to Lead, Cortni Kerr, a running partner of mine, found her role model and began using Wwssdol9, which stood for What would Sheryl Sandberg do plus 19 for the year (2019) of the password39。s creation. TnsitTpsif was the password of another friend, a puter scientist who loves wordplay. It stood for The next sentence is true. The previous sentence is false. For my friend, it was a playful reference to the knots that language can tie. The 4622 that my wife used in her passwords was not just the address of her father39。s childhood home but also a reminder of his strength. Apparently, when the former 120 kg football standout was a small boy, he had to sing his home address (4622 South 28th West Avenue) in one full breath rather than try to say it normally. Otherwise, his stutter (口吃) would embarrass him.（1）Why did the prisoner use his prison ID number in his password? rebuild his reputation. remind him to act legally. fight against his poor memory. hide the unpleasant experience.（2）What did Cortni Kerr think of Sheryl Sandberg39。s book? ....（3）What might be the best title for the text? reasons why people hate passwords. unusual passwords. secret lives of passwords. best ways to make your passwords unique.【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了有關(guān)密碼的一些趣事。不同的人設(shè)定密碼也包含著不同的意義，也揭示了一些秘密。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“There was a former prisoner whose password includes what used to be his prison ID number to constantly tell him not to go back.”可知這名坐過牢的囚犯用自己的監(jiān)獄身份證號作為密碼主要是提醒自己不要回到過去（不在犯罪）。因此選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Cortni Kerr, a running partner of mine, found her role model and began using ‘Wwssdol9’, which stood for ‘What would Sheryl Sandberg do’plus 39。19’ for the year (2019) of the password39。s creation.”可知Cortni Kerr讀完Sheryl Sandberg39。s book的書后，找到到了自己的榜樣，由此判斷出Cortni Kerr認(rèn)為Sheryl Sandberg的書很激勵人心。故選D。 （3）考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了有關(guān)密碼的一些趣事。不同的人設(shè)定密碼也包含著不同的意義，也揭示了一些秘密。選項C. The secret lives of passwords.“密碼里的人生秘密”為短文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。 【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 Research finds out why some people are constantly under attack from the bloodsucking insects while others walk free. For those unfortunate enough to feature highly on the mosquito hit list, summer nights can be synonymous with mosquito bites. Yet others hardly ever get bitten. So how do the bloodthirsty insects select their victims? The insects39。 tastes may seem arbitrary. However, research shows that when mosquitoes make their choices between potential victims, it all es down to scent (氣味). “Mosquitoes are attracted by carbon dioxide and heat, which everyone gives off. But mosquitoes are also attracted by certain scents,” says KarlMartin Vagn Jensen, the head of research at the Department of Agricultural Science at Arhus University. According to Jensen, it has not yet been confirmed exactly what the scents in question are. But research does indicate that some scents are more attractive to mosquitoes than others. “All the lab employees rubbed petri dishes (培養(yǎng)皿) against their stomachs. In that way, their scents were put on the dishes, which were then put in a container full of mosquitoes,” he says. “The mosquitoes repeatedly landed on some of the petri dishes, but didn39。t go anywhere near the others.” Perhaps taking inspiration from popular fiction, there are also those who consider garlic as an excellent repellent (驅(qū)蟲劑) against the winged bloodsuckers. According to the researcher, this strategy may not be entirely fruitless. “As far as I know, there is no scientific proof that eating garlic works. But there may be something to the theory that it39。s possible to mask scent with garlic,” he says. The only reliable method of protection against mosquitoes is to use repellents that are sold over the counter. It contains some smells that can confuse the mosquitoes. When the mosquito es closer, it uses smell, heat and carbon dioxide to decide whether to bite. But if it is confused by a repellent, it will never get that far.（1）Which of the following can best replace the phrase underlined in Paragraph 2? A.Be equal to.B.Be accessible to.C.Be harmful to.D.Be beneficial to.（2）What can we infer about the scents attracting mosquitoes? A.Mosquitoes can be attracted by various scents.B.Some kinds of scents appeal to mosquitoes in particular.C.The lab employees use petri dishes to deposit their scents.D.Mosquitoes are arbitrary when it es to different scents.（3）What is the main idea of the last Paragraph? A.A new strategy is used in researching repellents.B.Garlic is considered to be an excellent repellent.C.Using repellents is an effective way against mosquitoes.D.The inspiration against mosquitoes is from popular fiction.（4）Where is the text most probably taken from? A.Science fiction.B.A biography.C.A medical report.D.A research paper.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，分析了為什么有些人經(jīng)常受到吸血昆蟲的攻擊。（1）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的“For those unfortunate enough to feature highly on the mosquito hit list, summer nights can be synonymous with m