【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ressing, each student tells me something within the first few minutes that we meet: whether he or she has been taught manners. I sense this in different ways: through her words or her gestures, in the way she listens or how he refers to friends and faculty, how she greets and says goodbye, how he responds when an elderly person enters the room. In the absence of manners, however, I make some allowances. For instance, the many ethnic(種族的)groups that students represent often have different explanations of what makes up good manners. In other cases, some students may reject what they39。ve learned to break from their parents and be accepted by other students. Whether students are being different or openly opposing, a recent experience I had with them tells me that there39。s some hope for reviving and good manners. Good manners don39。t just guarantee acceptance. Good manners open doors to deeper connections and more meaningful roles in our society. Good manners are gentle signals that show we care about one another and allow us to relate to another person in a thoughtful way but at a respectable distance. （1）Which of the following is seldom a mark of success to people today? A.Handsome ine.B.An academic degree.C.High ranks in the officeD.Polite behavior.（2）What does the underlined part “make some allowances” in Paragraph 4 probably mean ? A.treat the absence of manners differentlyB.reject the absence of mannersC.oppose bad manners somehowD.partly permit being in the absence of manners（3）Which of the following is the benefit by good manners? A.Good manners makes people thoughtfulB.Good manners help deeper connections with othersC.Good manners guarantee acceptance of ourselvesD.Good manners inspire people to care about one another【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B 【解析】【分析】本文講述了目前社會上很少把禮貌當(dāng)作成功的衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，但是良好的禮儀是打開更深的關(guān)系和更有意義的角色之門，禮儀非常重要。（1）D推理判斷題。由第二段中的“When we think about what makes the person—it39。s more likely the degree, the job, the salary. Since when do we count manners as a measure of success?”可知，我們說起一個(gè)人的成功很可能談的是學(xué)位、工作和薪水，我們什么時(shí)候把禮貌當(dāng)作成功的衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)呢？可推知，對今天的成功者來說禮貌的舉止是很難成為成功的標(biāo)志的。故選D.（2）A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)本段中的“Whether students are being different or openly opposing”可知，作者涉及了兩種學(xué)生缺乏禮貌的不同情況，所以作者此處是指區(qū)別對待不禮貌的現(xiàn)象。故選A.（3）B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Good manners open doors to deeper connections and more meaningful roles in our society.”可知，在我們社會，良好的禮儀打開更深的關(guān)系和更有意義的角色之門。故選B.【點(diǎn)評】本文是一篇議論文，論述人們忽視了良好的禮儀的重要性。第一題為推理判斷題，要在了解短文主旨大意及主要細(xì)節(jié)分布的基礎(chǔ)上，對事實(shí)或證據(jù)進(jìn)行分析和評價(jià)，并在準(zhǔn)確合理分析做出符合作者寫作意圖的推論或判斷。難點(diǎn)在于第二題，要根據(jù)后面的內(nèi)容對其加以理解來做出選擇?？忌⒁馀逦恼轮髦肌?．閱讀理解 Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do humans. When you see an apple or apiece of chocolate you know that these are things you can eat. You can also use other senses when you choose your food. You may like it because it smells good or because it tastes good. You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice. Different animals use different senses to find and choose their food. A few animals depend on only one of their senses, while most animals use more than one sense. Although there are many different types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type. The giant panda eats only one particular type of bamboo. Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice. A land of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden. However, most animals have a more varied diet. The bear eats fruits and fish. The fox eats small animals, birds and fruits. The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season. Humans have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much sugar. This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. Eating too much red meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health Choosing the right food, therefore, has bee an area of study in modern life.（1）We can infer from the text that humans and animals . A.depend on one sense in choosing foodB.are not satisfied with their foodC.choose food in similar waysD.eat entirely different food（2）Which of the following eats only one type of food? A.The white butterflyB.The small bird.C.The bear.D.The fox.（3）Certain animals change their choice of food when . A.the season changesB.the food color changesC.they move to different placesD.they are attracted by different smells（4）We can learn from the last paragraph that . A.food is chosen for a good reasonB.French and British food is goodC.some people have few choices of foodD.some people care little about healthy diet（5）Which of the following statements is TRUE? A.Animals often use senses to eat their food.B.Most animals have a more varied diet.C.All animals spend their lives eating one type of food.D.The diet of birds and fox will be the same depending on the season.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）A（4）D（5）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了動(dòng)物和人選擇食物的方法以及一些動(dòng)物選擇食物的偏向性。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do humans.”可知?jiǎng)游锖腿祟愒谶x擇食物的時(shí)候，使用的方法可能是相似的，故選C。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“A land of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in