【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 tles with aluminum (鋁) cans. Competitors like CocaCola, PepsiCo and Nestle have also started selling water in aluminum cans. Replacing plastic water bottles that pollute the seas with recyclable aluminum cans should be an easy way to help the environment, right?Maybe not. Aluminum cans might result in less ocean waste, and the metal containers also are lighter than glass or plastic bottles, but they also e with their own cost to the environment. The production of an aluminum can is estimated to release two times as much carbon dioxide into the air as a plastic bottle. That39。s the dilemma you39。re going to have to choose between, said Ruben Griffioen, an official at beermaker Heineken. He said his pany was Lrying to reduce the use of plastic bottles. Bruce Karas of Coca Cola North America agreed. He said, There39。s a mix. There are some things that are not that desirable, but if you have five good things and one that isn39。t, we39。ll all have to make decisions. He added, It39。ll never be that clean.” Bottled water is a 19 billion industry. Although its use of cans is increasing, experts say cans are unlikely to pletely replace plastic bottles. Aluminum is costlier than plastic so canned drinks mean higher prices for buyers. Another major consideration is user conveniencecans stay open while bottles can be reclosed. More importantly, there is one barrier to ending the use of plastic water bottles: There may not be enough cans to go around. Beer and wine makers are now also increasingly using aluminum.（1）What39。s the advantage of aluminum cans? are pollutionfree. are lighter. are costeffective. are lowcarbon.（2）What is Karas39。s attitude to replacing plastic bottles with aluminum cans? ...（3）What is the main idea of the last paragraph? wide application of aluminum cans. promising future aluminum cans major advantages of aluminum cans. unavoidable limitations of aluminum cans.（4）What is the best title for the text? Cans or Plastic Bottles? Blessing or a Misfortune? to Deal with Plastic Bottles? Do We Choose Aluminum Cans?【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了鋁罐代替塑料或玻璃瓶的優(yōu)勢(shì)，如鋁罐可能會(huì)減少海洋垃圾，金屬容器也比玻璃或塑料瓶輕，但它們也會(huì)給環(huán)境帶來(lái)代價(jià)，同時(shí)說(shuō)明了使用鋁罐的一些局限性。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Aluminum cans might result in less ocean waste, and the metal containers also are lighter than glass or plastic bottles, but they also e with their own cost to the environment.”鋁罐可能會(huì)減少海洋垃圾，金屬容器也比玻璃或塑料瓶輕，但它們也會(huì)給環(huán)境帶來(lái)代價(jià)，可知鋁罐的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是它們更輕。故選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Bruce Karas of Coca Cola North America agreed. ”來(lái)自北美可口可樂(lè)公司的Bruce Karas對(duì)此表示贊同，可知Karas對(duì)用鋁罐代替塑料瓶持支持態(tài)度。故選A。 （3）考查段落大意。根據(jù)最后一段中的“More importantly, there is one barrier to ending the use of plastic water bottles: There may not be enough cans to go around.”更重要 的是，停止使用塑料水瓶有一個(gè)障礙：可能沒(méi)有足夠的罐子，結(jié)合本段主要說(shuō)明了鋁罐的造價(jià)高和數(shù)量不夠等一些不可避免的局限性，故選D。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第二段中的“Replacing plastic water bottles that pollute the seas with recyclable aluminum cans should be an easy way to help the environment, right? ”用可回收的鋁罐代替污染海洋的塑料水瓶應(yīng)該是一種幫助環(huán)境的簡(jiǎn)單方法，對(duì)嗎？文章主要說(shuō)明了鋁罐代替塑料或玻璃瓶的優(yōu)勢(shì)，如鋁罐可能會(huì)減少海洋垃圾，金屬容器也比玻璃或塑料瓶輕，但它們也會(huì)給環(huán)境帶來(lái)代價(jià)，文章還說(shuō)明了使用鋁罐的一些局限性。故選A。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷，段落大意和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇生活類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 Even a small increase in light activity such as washing dishes, or walking around the house might help prevent an early death among older adults, researchers say. It is important for elderly people, who might not be able to do much moderate intensity（強(qiáng)度）activity, that just moving around and doing light intensity activity will have strong effects and is beneficial, said Ulf Ekelund, who led the research. Published in the BMJ, the latest research was based on a review of eight studies involving a total of more than 36,000 people with an average age of almost 63 years. Participants were followed for five to six years。 2,149 deaths were recorded. All of the studies involved monitoring the physical activity of individuals who had activity trackers, and the studies did not rely on selfreporting, which, the experts noted, could be unreliable. For each study participants were split into four equalsized groups, based on the total amount of time spent actively, and the risk of death assessed, taking into account factors such as age, sex, body mass index, and socioeconomic status. This was then repeated for an amount of activity at different levels of intensity. The results were analyzed together to give an overview. The team found a greater amount of activity was linked to a lower risk of death. The results held for different intensities of activity. The team said the study supported the message sit less and move more and more often. However, the study had limitations. It only looked at the situation for middle age and older adults, most of whom lived in the US or Europe, and some of the effect could be due to those people with a higher risk of death being less likely to be related to physical activity. Physical activity levels also were only measured over one period of time. Dr Gavin Sandercock, from the University of Essex, said the results suggested moving more brought bigger benefits than simply reducing the time of sitting, another factor measured in the study. This study reinforces the important message that getting the least active people to do even just a little bit more physical activity can have important public health benefits, he said.（1）Which of the following may Ulf Ekelund suggest elderly people do? on the sofa reading. a little gentle gardening. out to hike with friends. basketball sometimes.（2）What can we know about the research? lasted about 8 years. researchers admitted they used fake data. participants didn39。t include younger people. participants died because of doing too much physical activity（3）What is the author39。s attitude towards the researchers39。 conclusion? （4）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word reinforces in the last paragraph? 【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)輕微活動(dòng)能幫助預(yù)防老年人過(guò)早死亡，對(duì)老年人健康很有好處。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“It is important for elderly people, who might not be able to do much moderate intensity（強(qiáng)度）activity, th